Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Colossians: Chapter 2]. only the noblest of men. The headship of Christ is the keynote of this Epistle to the Colossians and the heart of Paul's Christology. {From whom} (\ex hou\). Masculine ablative rather than \ex h•s\ (\kephal•s\) because Christ is the Head. He develops the figure of the body of which Christ is Head (1:18,24). {Being supplied} (\epichor•goumenon\). Present passive participle (continuous action) of \epichor•ge•\, for which interesting verb see already 2Co 9:10; Ga 3:5 and further 2Pe 1:5. {Knit together} (\sunbibazomenon\). Present passive participle also (continuous action) of \sunbibaz•\, for which see Col 2:2. {Through the joints} (\dia t•n haph•n\). Late word \haph•\ (from \hapt•\, to fasten together), connections (_junctura_ and _nexus_ in the Vulgate). {And bonds} (\kai sundesm•n\). Old word from \sunde•\, to bind together. Aristotle and Galen use it of the human body. Both words picture well the wonderful unity in the body by cells, muscles, arteries, veins, nerves, skin, glands, etc. It is a marvellous machine working together under the direction of the head. {Increaseth with the increase of God} (\auxei t•n aux•sin tou theou\). Cognate accusative (\aux•sin\) with the old verb \auxei\. 2:20 {If ye died} (\ei apethanete\). Condition of the first class, assumed as true, \ei\ and second aorist active indicative of \apothn•sk•\, to die. He is alluding to the picture of burial in baptism (2:12). {From the rudiments of the world} (\apo t•n stoichei•n tou kosmou\). See 2:8. {As though living in the world} (\h•s z•ntes en kosm•i\). Concessive use of the participle with \h•s\. The picture is that of baptism, having come out (F. B. Meyer) on the other side of the grave, we are not to act as though we had not done so. We are in the Land of Beulah. {Why do ye subject yourselves to ordinances?} (\ti dogmatizesthe?\). Late and rare verb (three examples in inscriptions and often in LXX) made from \dogma\, decree or ordinance. Here it makes good sense either as middle or passive. In either case they are to blame since the bond of decrees (2:14) was removed on the Cross of Christ. Paul still has in mind the rules of the ascetic wing of the Gnostics (2:16ff.). 2:21 {Handle not, nor taste, nor touch} (\m• haps•i m•de geus•i m•de thig•is\). Specimens of Gnostic rules. The Essenes took the Mosaic regulations and carried them much further and the Pharisees demanded ceremonially clean hands for all food. Later ascetics (the Latin commentators Ambrose, Hilary, Pelagius) http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/COL2.RWP.html (11 of 13) [28/08/2004 09:23:42 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Colossians: Chapter 2]. regard these prohibitions as Paul's own instead of those of the Gnostics condemned by him. Even today men are finding that the noble prohibition law needs enlightened instruction to make it effective. That is true of all law. The Pharisees, Essenes, Gnostics made piety hinge on outward observances and rules instead of inward conviction and principle. These three verbs are all in the aorist subjunctive second person singular with \m•\, a prohibition against handling or touching these forbidden things. Two of them do not differ greatly in meaning. \Haps•i\ is aorist middle subjunctive of \hapt•\, to fasten to, middle, to cling to, to handle. \Thig•is\ is second aorist active subjunctive of \thiggan•\, old verb, to touch, to handle. In N.T. only here and Heb 11:28; 12:20. \Geus•i\ is second aorist middle subjunctive of \geu•\, to give taste of, only middle in N.T. to taste as here. 2:22 {Are to perish with the using} (\estin eis phthoran t•i apochr•sei\). Literally, "are for perishing in the using." \Phthora\ (from \phtheir•\) is old word for decay, decomposition. \Apochr•sis\ (from \apochraomai\, to use to the full, to use up), late and rare word (in Plutarch), here only in N.T. Either locative case here or instrumental. These material things all perish in the use of them. 2:23 {Which things} (\hatina\). "Which very things," these ascetic regulations. {Have indeed a show of wisdom} (\estin logon men echonta sophias\). Periphrastic present indicative with \estin\ in the singular, but present indicative \echonta\ in the plural (\hatina\). \Logon sophias\ is probably "the repute of wisdom" (Abbott) like Plato and Herodotus. \Men\ (in deed) has no corresponding \de\. {In will-worship} (\en ethelothr•ski•i\). This word occurs nowhere else and was probably coined by Paul after the pattern of \ethelodouleia\, to describe the voluntary worship of angels (see 2:18). {And humility} (\kai tapeinophrosun•i\). Clearly here the bad sense, "in mock humility." {And severity to the body} (\kai apheidi•i s•matos\). Old word (Plato) from \apheid•s\, unsparing (\a\ privative, \pheidomai\, to spare). Here alone in N.T. Ascetics often practice flagellations and other hardnesses to the body. {Not of any value} (\ouk en tim•i tini\). \Tim•\ usually means honour or price. {Against the indulgence of the flesh} (\pros pl•smon•n t•s sarkos\). These words are sharply debated along with \tim•\ just before. It is not unusual for \pros\ to be found in the sense of http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/COL2.RWP.html (12 of 13) [28/08/2004 09:23:42 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Colossians: Chapter 2].<br />
only <strong>the</strong> noblest of men. The headship of Christ is <strong>the</strong> keynote of<br />
this Epistle to <strong>the</strong> Colossians and <strong>the</strong> heart of Paul's<br />
Christology. {From whom} (\ex hou\). Mascul<strong>in</strong>e ablative ra<strong>the</strong>r<br />
than \ex h•s\ (\kephal•s\) because Christ is <strong>the</strong> Head. He<br />
develops <strong>the</strong> figure of <strong>the</strong> body of which Christ is Head<br />
(1:18,24). {Be<strong>in</strong>g supplied} (\epichor•goumenon\). Present<br />
passive participle (cont<strong>in</strong>uous action) of \epichor•ge•\, for<br />
which <strong>in</strong>terest<strong>in</strong>g verb see already 2Co 9:10; Ga 3:5 and fur<strong>the</strong>r<br />
2Pe 1:5. {Knit toge<strong>the</strong>r} (\sunbibazomenon\). Present passive<br />
participle also (cont<strong>in</strong>uous action) of \sunbibaz•\, for which see<br />
Col 2:2. {Through <strong>the</strong> jo<strong>in</strong>ts} (\dia t•n haph•n\). Late word<br />
\haph•\ (from \hapt•\, to fasten toge<strong>the</strong>r), connections<br />
(_junctura_ and _nexus_ <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Vulgate). {And bonds} (\kai<br />
sundesm•n\). Old word from \sunde•\, to b<strong>in</strong>d toge<strong>the</strong>r. Aristotle<br />
and Galen use it of <strong>the</strong> human body. Both words picture well <strong>the</strong><br />
wonderful unity <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> body by cells, muscles, arteries, ve<strong>in</strong>s,<br />
nerves, sk<strong>in</strong>, glands, etc. It is a marvellous mach<strong>in</strong>e work<strong>in</strong>g<br />
toge<strong>the</strong>r under <strong>the</strong> direction of <strong>the</strong> head. {Increaseth with <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>crease of God} (\auxei t•n aux•s<strong>in</strong> tou <strong>the</strong>ou\). Cognate<br />
accusative (\aux•s<strong>in</strong>\) with <strong>the</strong> old verb \auxei\.<br />
2:20 {If ye died} (\ei apethanete\). Condition of <strong>the</strong> first<br />
class, assumed as true, \ei\ and second aorist active <strong>in</strong>dicative<br />
of \apothn•sk•\, to die. He is allud<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> picture of burial<br />
<strong>in</strong> baptism (2:12). {From <strong>the</strong> rudiments of <strong>the</strong> world} (\apo t•n<br />
stoichei•n tou kosmou\). See 2:8. {As though liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
world} (\h•s z•ntes en kosm•i\). Concessive use of <strong>the</strong> participle<br />
with \h•s\. The picture is that of baptism, hav<strong>in</strong>g come out (F.<br />
B. Meyer) on <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r side of <strong>the</strong> grave, we are not to act as<br />
though we had not done so. We are <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Land of Beulah. {Why do<br />
ye subject yourselves to ord<strong>in</strong>ances?} (\ti dogmatizes<strong>the</strong>?\). Late<br />
and rare verb (three examples <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>scriptions and often <strong>in</strong> LXX)<br />
made from \dogma\, decree or ord<strong>in</strong>ance. Here it makes good sense<br />
ei<strong>the</strong>r as middle or passive. In ei<strong>the</strong>r case <strong>the</strong>y are to blame<br />
s<strong>in</strong>ce <strong>the</strong> bond of decrees (2:14) was removed on <strong>the</strong> Cross of<br />
Christ. Paul still has <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>d <strong>the</strong> rules of <strong>the</strong> ascetic w<strong>in</strong>g of<br />
<strong>the</strong> Gnostics (2:16ff.).<br />
2:21 {Handle not, nor taste, nor touch} (\m• haps•i m•de geus•i<br />
m•de thig•is\). Specimens of Gnostic rules. The Essenes took <strong>the</strong><br />
Mosaic regulations and carried <strong>the</strong>m much fur<strong>the</strong>r and <strong>the</strong><br />
Pharisees demanded ceremonially clean hands for all food. Later<br />
ascetics (<strong>the</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> commentators Ambrose, Hilary, Pelagius)<br />
http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/COL2.RWP.html (11 of 13) [28/08/2004 09:23:42 a.m.]