Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Colossians: Chapter 1]. slaves. {Translated} (\metest•sen\). First aorist active indicative of \methist•mi\ and transitive (not intransitive like second aorist \metest•\). Old word. See 1Co 13:2. Changed us from the kingdom of darkness to the kingdom of light. {Of the Son of his love} (\tou huiou t•s agap•s autou\). Probably objective genitive (\agap•s\), the Son who is the object of the Father's love like \agap•tos\ (beloved) in Mt 3:17. Others would take it as describing love as the origin of the Son which is true, but hardly pertinent here. But Paul here rules out the whole system of aeons and angels that the Gnostics placed above Christ. It is Christ's Kingdom in which he is King. He has moral and spiritual sovereignty. 1:14 {In whom} (\en h•i\). In Christ as in Eph 1:7. This great sentence about Christ carries on by means of three relatives (\en h•i\ 14, \hos\ 15, \hos\ 18) and repeated personal pronoun (\autos\), twice with \hoti\ (15,19), thrice with \kai\ (17,18,20), twice alone (16,20). {Our redemption} (\t•n apolutr•sin\). See on ¯Ro 3:24 for this great word (_Koin•_), a release on payment of a ransom for slave or debtor (Heb 9:15) as the inscriptions show (Deissmann, _Light, etc._, p. 327). {The forgiveness of our sins} (\t•n aphesin t•n hamarti•n\). Accusative case in apposition with \apolutr•sin\ as in Eph 1:7 ({remission}, sending away, \aphesis\, after the {redemption} \apolutr•sis\, buying back). Only here we have \hamarti•n\ (sins, from \hamartan•\, to miss) while in Eph 1:7 we find \parapt•mat•n\ (slips, fallings aside, from \parapipt•\). 1:15 {The image} (\eik•n\). In predicate and no article. On \eik•n\, see 2Co 4:4; 3:18; Ro 8:29; Col 3:10. Jesus is the very stamp of God the Father as he was before the Incarnation (Joh 17:5) and is now (Php 2:5-11; Heb 1:3). {Of the invisible God} (\tou theou tou aoratou\). But the one who sees Jesus has seen God (Joh 14:9). See this verbal adjective (\a\ privative and \hora•\) in Ro 1:20. {The first born} (\pr•totokos\). Predicate adjective again and anarthrous. This passage is parallel to the \Logos\ passage in Joh 1:1-18 and to Heb 1:1-4 as well as Php 2:5-11 in which these three writers (John, author of Hebrews, Paul) give the high conception of the Person of Christ (both Son of God and Son of Man) found also in the Synoptic Gospels and even in Q (the Father, the Son). This word (LXX and N.T.) can no longer be considered purely "Biblical" (Thayer), since it is found In inscriptions (Deissmann, _Light, http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/COL1.RWP.html (5 of 14) [28/08/2004 09:23:40 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Colossians: Chapter 1]. etc._, p. 91) and in the papyri (Moulton and Milligan, _Vocabulary, etc._). See it already in Lu 2:7 and Aleph for Mt 1:25; Ro 8:29. The use of this word does not show what Arius argued that Paul regarded Christ as a creature like "all creation" (\p•s•s ktise•s\, by metonomy the _act_ regarded as _result_). It is rather the comparative (superlative) force of \pr•tos\ that is used (first-born of all creation) as in Col 1:18; Ro 8:29; Heb 1:6; 12:23; Re 1:5. Paul is here refuting the Gnostics who pictured Christ as one of the aeons by placing him before "all creation" (angels and men). Like \eik•n\ we find \pr•totokos\ in the Alexandrian vocabulary of the \Logos\ teaching (Philo) as well as in the LXX. Paul takes both words to help express the deity of Jesus Christ in his relation to the Father as \eik•n\ (Image) and to the universe as \pr•totokos\ (First-born). 1:16 {All things} (\ta panta\). The universe as in Ro 11:35, a well-known philosophical phrase. It is repeated at the end of the verse. {In him were created} (\en aut•i ektisth•\). Paul now gives the reason (\hoti\, for) for the primacy of Christ in the work of creation (16f.). It is the constative aorist passive indicative \ektisth•\ (from \ktiz•\, old verb, to found, to create (Ro 1:25). This central activity of Christ in the work of creation is presented also in Joh 1:3; Heb 1:2 and is a complete denial of the Gnostic philosophy. The whole of creative activity is summed up in Christ including the angels in heaven and everything on earth. God wrought through "the Son of his love." All earthly dignities are included. {Have been created} (\ektistai\). Perfect passive indicative of \ktiz•\, "stand created," "remain created." The permanence of the universe rests, then, on Christ far more than on gravity. It is a Christo-centric universe. {Through him} (\di' autou\). As the intermediate and sustaining agent. He had already used \en aut•i\ (in him) as the sphere of activity. {And unto him} (\kai eis auton\). This is the only remaining step to take and Paul takes it (1Co 15:28) See Eph 1:10 for similar use of \en aut•i\ of Christ and in Col 1:19; 20 again we have \en aut•i, di' autou, eis auton\ used of Christ. See Heb 2:10 for \di' hon\ (because of whom) and \di' hou\ (by means of whom) applied to God concerning the universe (\ta panta\). In Ro 11:35 we find \ex autou kai di' autou kai eis auton ta panta\ referring to God. But Paul does not use \ex\ in this connection of Christ, but only \en\, \dia\, and \eis\. See the same distinction preserved in 1Co 8:6 (\ex\ of God, http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/COL1.RWP.html (6 of 14) [28/08/2004 09:23:40 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Colossians: Chapter 1].<br />
slaves. {Translated} (\metest•sen\). First aorist active<br />
<strong>in</strong>dicative of \methist•mi\ and transitive (not <strong>in</strong>transitive like<br />
second aorist \metest•\). Old word. See 1Co 13:2. Changed us<br />
from <strong>the</strong> k<strong>in</strong>gdom of darkness to <strong>the</strong> k<strong>in</strong>gdom of light. {Of <strong>the</strong> Son<br />
of his love} (\tou huiou t•s agap•s autou\). Probably objective<br />
genitive (\agap•s\), <strong>the</strong> Son who is <strong>the</strong> object of <strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r's<br />
love like \agap•tos\ (beloved) <strong>in</strong> Mt 3:17. O<strong>the</strong>rs would take it<br />
as describ<strong>in</strong>g love as <strong>the</strong> orig<strong>in</strong> of <strong>the</strong> Son which is true, but<br />
hardly pert<strong>in</strong>ent here. But Paul here rules out <strong>the</strong> whole system<br />
of aeons and angels that <strong>the</strong> Gnostics placed above Christ. It is<br />
Christ's K<strong>in</strong>gdom <strong>in</strong> which he is K<strong>in</strong>g. He has moral and spiritual<br />
sovereignty.<br />
1:14 {In whom} (\en h•i\). In Christ as <strong>in</strong> Eph 1:7. This great<br />
sentence about Christ carries on by means of three relatives (\en<br />
h•i\ 14, \hos\ 15, \hos\ 18) and repeated personal pronoun<br />
(\autos\), twice with \hoti\ (15,19), thrice with \kai\<br />
(17,18,20), twice alone (16,20). {Our redemption} (\t•n<br />
apolutr•s<strong>in</strong>\). See on ¯Ro 3:24 for this great word (_Ko<strong>in</strong>•_), a<br />
release on payment of a ransom for slave or debtor (Heb 9:15)<br />
as <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>scriptions show (Deissmann, _Light, etc._, p. 327). {The<br />
forgiveness of our s<strong>in</strong>s} (\t•n aphes<strong>in</strong> t•n hamarti•n\).<br />
Accusative case <strong>in</strong> apposition with \apolutr•s<strong>in</strong>\ as <strong>in</strong> Eph 1:7<br />
({remission}, send<strong>in</strong>g away, \aphesis\, after <strong>the</strong> {redemption}<br />
\apolutr•sis\, buy<strong>in</strong>g back). Only here we have \hamarti•n\ (s<strong>in</strong>s,<br />
from \hamartan•\, to miss) while <strong>in</strong> Eph 1:7 we f<strong>in</strong>d<br />
\parapt•mat•n\ (slips, fall<strong>in</strong>gs aside, from \parapipt•\).<br />
1:15 {The image} (\eik•n\). In predicate and no article. On<br />
\eik•n\, see 2Co 4:4; 3:18; Ro 8:29; Col 3:10. Jesus is <strong>the</strong><br />
very stamp of God <strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r as he was before <strong>the</strong> Incarnation<br />
(Joh 17:5) and is now (Php 2:5-11; Heb 1:3). {Of <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>visible God} (\tou <strong>the</strong>ou tou aoratou\). But <strong>the</strong> one who sees<br />
Jesus has seen God (Joh 14:9). See this verbal adjective (\a\<br />
privative and \hora•\) <strong>in</strong> Ro 1:20. {The first born}<br />
(\pr•totokos\). Predicate adjective aga<strong>in</strong> and anarthrous. This<br />
passage is parallel to <strong>the</strong> \Logos\ passage <strong>in</strong> Joh 1:1-18 and to<br />
Heb 1:1-4 as well as Php 2:5-11 <strong>in</strong> which <strong>the</strong>se three writers<br />
(John, author of Hebrews, Paul) give <strong>the</strong> high conception of <strong>the</strong><br />
Person of Christ (both Son of God and Son of Man) found also <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> Synoptic Gospels and even <strong>in</strong> Q (<strong>the</strong> Fa<strong>the</strong>r, <strong>the</strong> Son). This<br />
word (LXX and N.T.) can no longer be considered purely "Biblical"<br />
(Thayer), s<strong>in</strong>ce it is found In <strong>in</strong>scriptions (Deissmann, _Light,<br />
http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/COL1.RWP.html (5 of 14) [28/08/2004 09:23:40 a.m.]