Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Philippians: Chapter 3]. Gospel of the Resurrection_, ii, 31. {The fellowship of his sufferings} (\t•n koin•nian t•n path•mat•n autou\). Partnership in (objective genitive) his sufferings, an honour prized by Paul (Co 1:24). {Becoming conformed to his death} (\summorphizomenos t•i thanat•i autou\). Present passive participle of \summorphiz•\, late verb from \summorphos\, found only here and ecclesiastical writers quoting it. The Latin Vulgate uses _configuro_. See Ro 6:4 for \sumphutoi\ in like sense and 2Co 4:10. "The agony of Gethsemane, not less than the agony of Calvary, will be reproduced however faintly in the faithful servant of Christ" (Lightfoot). "In this passage we have the deepest secrets of the Apostle's Christian experience unveiled" (Kennedy). 3:11 {If by any means I may attain} (\ei p•s katant•s•\). Not an expression of doubt, but of humility (Vincent), a modest hope (Lightfoot). For \ei p•s\, see Ro 1:10; 11:14 where \paraz•l•s•\ can be either future indicative or aorist subjunctive like \katant•s•\ here (see subjunctive \katalab•\ in verse 12), late compound verb \katanta•\. {Resurrection} (\exanastasin\). Late word, not in LXX, but in Polybius and one papyrus example. Apparently Paul is thinking here only of the resurrection of believers out from the dead and so double \ex\ (\ten exanastasin t•n ek nekr•n\). Paul is not denying a general resurrection by this language, but emphasizing that of believers. 3:12 {Not that} (\ouch hoti\). To guard against a misunderstanding as in Joh 6:26; 12:6; 2Co 1:24; Php 4:11,17. {I have already obtained} (\•d• elabon\). Rather, "I did already obtain," constative second aorist active indicative of \lamban•\, summing up all his previous experiences as a single event. {Or am already made perfect} (\• •d• tetelei•mai\). Perfect passive indicative (state of completion) of \teleio•\, old verb from \teleios\ and that from \telos\ (end). Paul pointedly denies that he has reached a spiritual impasse of non- development. Certainly he knew nothing of so-called sudden absolute perfection by any single experience. Paul has made great progress in Christlikeness, but the goal is still before him, not behind him. {But I press on} (\di•k• de\). He is not discouraged, but encouraged. He keeps up the chase (real idea in \di•k•\, as in 1Co 14:1; Ro 9:30; 1Ti 6:11). {If so be that} (\ei kai\). "I follow after." The condition (third class, \ei--katalab•\, second aorist active subjunctive of \katalamban•\) is really a sort of http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/PHP3.RWP.html (4 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:23:36 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Philippians: Chapter 3]. purpose clause or aim. There are plenty of examples in the _Koin•_ of the use of \ei\ and the subjunctive as here (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 1017), "if I also may lay hold of that for which (\eph' h•i\, purpose expressed by \epi\) I was laid hold of (\katel•mphth•n\, first aorist passive of the same verb \katalamban•\) by Christ Jesus." His conversion was the beginning, not the end of the chase. 3:13 {Not yet} (\oup•\). But some MSS. read \ou\ (not). {To have apprehended} (\kateil•phenai\). Perfect active infinitive of same verb \katalamban•\ (perfective use of \kata\, to grasp completely). Surely denial enough. {But one thing} (\hen de\). No verb in the Greek. We can supply \poi•\ (I do) or \di•k•\ (I keep on in the chase), but no verb is really needed. "When all is said, the greatest art is to limit and isolate oneself" (Goethe), concentration. {Forgetting the things which are behind} (\ta men opis• epilanthanomenos\). Common verb, usually with the genitive, but the accusative in the _Koin•_ is greatly revived with verbs. Paul can mean either his old pre-Christian life, his previous progress as a Christian, or both (all of it). {Stretching forward} (\epekteinomenos\). Present direct middle participle of the old double compound \epektein•\ (stretching myself out towards). Metaphor of a runner leaning forward as he runs. 3:14 {Toward the goal} (\kata skopon\). "Down upon the goal," who is Jesus himself to whom we must continually look as we run (Heb 12:2). The word means a watchman, then the goal or mark. Only here in N.T. {Unto the prize} (\eis to brabeion\). Late word (Menander and inscriptions) from \brabeus\ (umpire who awards the prize). In N.T. only here and 1Co 9:24. {Of the high calling} (\t•s an• kl•se•s\). Literally, "of the upward calling." The goal continually moves forward as we press on, but yet never out of sight. 3:15 {As many as be perfect} (\hosoi teleioi\). Here the term \teleioi\ means relative perfection, not the absolute perfection so pointedly denied in verse 12. Paul here includes himself in the group of spiritual adults (see He 5:13). {Let us be thus minded} (\touto phron•men\). Present active volitive subjunctive of \phrone•\. "Let us keep on thinking this," viz. that we have not yet attained absolute perfection. {If ye are otherwise minded} (\ei ti heter•s phroneite\). Condition of first class, assumed as true. That is, if ye think that ye are absolutely perfect. {Shall God reveal unto you} (\ho theos humin http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/PHP3.RWP.html (5 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:23:36 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Philippians: Chapter 3].<br />
purpose clause or aim. There are plenty of examples <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
_Ko<strong>in</strong>•_ of <strong>the</strong> use of \ei\ and <strong>the</strong> subjunctive as here<br />
(Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 1017), "if I also may lay hold of that<br />
for which (\eph' h•i\, purpose expressed by \epi\) I was laid<br />
hold of (\katel•mphth•n\, first aorist passive of <strong>the</strong> same verb<br />
\katalamban•\) by Christ Jesus." His conversion was <strong>the</strong><br />
beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g, not <strong>the</strong> end of <strong>the</strong> chase.<br />
3:13 {Not yet} (\oup•\). But some MSS. read \ou\ (not). {To have<br />
apprehended} (\kateil•phenai\). Perfect active <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>itive of same<br />
verb \katalamban•\ (perfective use of \kata\, to grasp<br />
completely). Surely denial enough. {But one th<strong>in</strong>g} (\hen de\). No<br />
verb <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Greek. We can supply \poi•\ (I do) or \di•k•\ (I keep<br />
on <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> chase), but no verb is really needed. "When all is<br />
said, <strong>the</strong> greatest art is to limit and isolate oneself" (Goe<strong>the</strong>),<br />
concentration. {Forgett<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> th<strong>in</strong>gs which are beh<strong>in</strong>d} (\ta men<br />
opis• epilanthanomenos\). Common verb, usually with <strong>the</strong> genitive,<br />
but <strong>the</strong> accusative <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> _Ko<strong>in</strong>•_ is greatly revived with verbs.<br />
Paul can mean ei<strong>the</strong>r his old pre-Christian life, his previous<br />
progress as a Christian, or both (all of it). {Stretch<strong>in</strong>g<br />
forward} (\epekte<strong>in</strong>omenos\). Present direct middle participle of<br />
<strong>the</strong> old double compound \epekte<strong>in</strong>•\ (stretch<strong>in</strong>g myself out<br />
towards). Metaphor of a runner lean<strong>in</strong>g forward as he runs.<br />
3:14 {Toward <strong>the</strong> goal} (\kata skopon\). "Down upon <strong>the</strong> goal," who<br />
is Jesus himself to whom we must cont<strong>in</strong>ually look as we run (Heb<br />
12:2). The word means a watchman, <strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong> goal or mark. Only<br />
here <strong>in</strong> N.T. {Unto <strong>the</strong> prize} (\eis to brabeion\). Late word<br />
(Menander and <strong>in</strong>scriptions) from \brabeus\ (umpire who awards <strong>the</strong><br />
prize). In N.T. only here and 1Co 9:24. {Of <strong>the</strong> high call<strong>in</strong>g}<br />
(\t•s an• kl•se•s\). Literally, "of <strong>the</strong> upward call<strong>in</strong>g." The goal<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>ually moves forward as we press on, but yet never out of<br />
sight.<br />
3:15 {As many as be perfect} (\hosoi teleioi\). Here <strong>the</strong> term<br />
\teleioi\ means relative perfection, not <strong>the</strong> absolute perfection<br />
so po<strong>in</strong>tedly denied <strong>in</strong> verse 12. Paul here <strong>in</strong>cludes himself <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> group of spiritual adults (see He 5:13). {Let us be thus<br />
m<strong>in</strong>ded} (\touto phron•men\). Present active volitive subjunctive<br />
of \phrone•\. "Let us keep on th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g this," viz. that we have<br />
not yet atta<strong>in</strong>ed absolute perfection. {If ye are o<strong>the</strong>rwise<br />
m<strong>in</strong>ded} (\ei ti heter•s phroneite\). Condition of first class,<br />
assumed as true. That is, if ye th<strong>in</strong>k that ye are absolutely<br />
perfect. {Shall God reveal unto you} (\ho <strong>the</strong>os hum<strong>in</strong><br />
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