Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Galatians: Chapter 2]. persuaded Peter, James, and John to agree with him and Barnabas in their contention for freedom for the Gentile Christians from the bondage of the Mosaic ceremonial law. 2:7 {But contrariwise} (\alla tounantion\). But on the contrary (accusative of general reference, \to enantion\). So far from the three championing the cause of the Judaizers as some hoped or even the position of the compromisers in verses 4f., they came boldly to Paul's side after hearing the case argued in the private conference. This is the obvious interpretation rather than the view that Peter, James, and John first proposed the circumcision of Titus and afterwards surrendered to Paul's bold stand. {When they saw} (\idontes\). After seeing, after they heard our side of the matter. {That I had been intrusted with the gospel of the uncircumcision} (\hoti pepisteumai to euaggelion t•s akrobustias\). Perfect passive indicative of \pisteu•\, to intrust, which retains the accusative of the thing (\to euaggelion\) in the passive voice. This clear-cut agreement between the leaders "denotes a distinction of sphere, and not a difference of type" (Lightfoot). Both divisions in the work preach the same "gospel" (not like 1:6f., the Judaizers). It seems hardly fair to the Three to suggest that they at first championed the cause of the Judaizers in the face of Paul's strong language in verse 5. 2:8 {He that wrought for Peter unto the apostleship of the circumcision} (\ho gar energ•sas Petr•i eis apostol•n t•s peritom•s\). Paul here definitely recognizes Peter's leadership (apostleship, \apostol•n\, late word, already in Ac 1:25; 1Co 9:2) to the Jews and asserts that Peter acknowledges his apostleship to the Gentiles. This is a complete answer to the Judaizers who denied the genuineness of Paul's apostleship because he was not one of the twelve. 2:9 {They who were reputed to be pillars} (\hoi dokountes stuloi einai\). They had that reputation (\dokountes\) and Paul accepts them as such. \Stuloi\, old word for pillars, columns, as of fire (Re 10:1). So of the church (1Ti 3:15). These were the Pillar Apostles. {Gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship} (\dexias ed•kan emoi kai Barnab•i koin•nias\). Dramatic and concluding act of the pact for cooperation and coordinate, independent spheres of activity. The compromisers and the Judaizers were brushed to one side when these five men shook hands as equals in the work of Christ's Kingdom. http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/GA2.RWP.html (4 of 9) [28/08/2004 09:12:21 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Galatians: Chapter 2]. 2:10 {Only} (\monon\). One item was emphasized. {We should remember} (\mn•moneu•men\). Present active subjunctive, "that we should keep on remembering." {Which very thing} (\ho--auto touto\). Repetition of relative and demonstrative, tautology, "which this very thing." In fact Barnabas and Saul had done it before (Ac 11:30). It was complete victory for Paul and Barnabas. Paul passes by the second public meeting and the letters to Antioch (Ac 15:6-29) and passes on to Peter's conduct in Antioch. 2:11 {I resisted him to the face} (\kata pros•pon aut•i antest•n\). Second aorist active indicative (intransitive) of \anthist•mi\. "I stood against him face to face." In Jerusalem Paul faced Peter as his equal in rank and sphere of work. In Antioch he looked him in the eye as his superior in character and courage. {Because he stood condemned} (\hoti kategn•smenos •n\). Periphrastic past perfect passive of \kataginosk•\, old verb to know against, to find fault with. In N.T. only here and 1Jo 3:20f. 2:12 {For before that certain came from James} (\pro tou gar elthein tinas apo Iak•bou\). The reason (\gar\) for Paul's condemnation of Peter. Articular infinitive in the genitive after \pro\ with the accusative of general reference (\tinas\), "for before the coming as to some from James." Does Paul mean to say that these "certain" ones had been sent by James to Antioch to inspect the conduct of Peter and the other Jewish brethren? Some scholars think so. No doubt these brethren let the idea get out that they were emissaries "from James." But that idea is inconsistent with the position of James as president of the conference and the author of the resolution securing liberty to the Gentile Christians. No doubt these brethren threatened Peter to tell James and the church about his conduct and they reminded Peter of his previous arraignment before the Jerusalem Church on this very charge (Ac 11:1-18). As a matter of fact the Jerusalem Conference did not discuss the matter of social relations between Jews and Gentiles though that was the charge made against Peter (Ac 11:1ff.). {He did eat with the Gentiles} (\meta t•n ethn•n sun•sthien\). It was his habit (imperfect tense). {He drew back} (\hupestellen\). Imperfect tense, inchoative action, "he began to draw himself (\heauton\) back." Old word \hupostell•\. See middle voice to dissemble (Ac 20:20,27), to shrink (Heb 10:38). {Separated himself} http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/GA2.RWP.html (5 of 9) [28/08/2004 09:12:21 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Galatians: Chapter 2].<br />
persuaded Peter, James, and John to agree with him and Barnabas<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir contention for freedom for <strong>the</strong> Gentile Christians from<br />
<strong>the</strong> bondage of <strong>the</strong> Mosaic ceremonial law.<br />
2:7 {But contrariwise} (\alla tounantion\). But on <strong>the</strong> contrary<br />
(accusative of general reference, \to enantion\). So far from <strong>the</strong><br />
three champion<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> cause of <strong>the</strong> Judaizers as some hoped or<br />
even <strong>the</strong> position of <strong>the</strong> compromisers <strong>in</strong> verses 4f., <strong>the</strong>y came<br />
boldly to Paul's side after hear<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> case argued <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
private conference. This is <strong>the</strong> obvious <strong>in</strong>terpretation ra<strong>the</strong>r<br />
than <strong>the</strong> view that Peter, James, and John first proposed <strong>the</strong><br />
circumcision of Titus and afterwards surrendered to Paul's bold<br />
stand. {When <strong>the</strong>y saw} (\idontes\). After see<strong>in</strong>g, after <strong>the</strong>y<br />
heard our side of <strong>the</strong> matter. {That I had been <strong>in</strong>trusted with <strong>the</strong><br />
gospel of <strong>the</strong> uncircumcision} (\hoti pepisteumai to euaggelion<br />
t•s akrobustias\). Perfect passive <strong>in</strong>dicative of \pisteu•\, to<br />
<strong>in</strong>trust, which reta<strong>in</strong>s <strong>the</strong> accusative of <strong>the</strong> th<strong>in</strong>g (\to<br />
euaggelion\) <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> passive voice. This clear-cut agreement<br />
between <strong>the</strong> leaders "denotes a dist<strong>in</strong>ction of sphere, and not a<br />
difference of type" (Lightfoot). Both divisions <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> work<br />
preach <strong>the</strong> same "gospel" (not like 1:6f., <strong>the</strong> Judaizers). It<br />
seems hardly fair to <strong>the</strong> Three to suggest that <strong>the</strong>y at first<br />
championed <strong>the</strong> cause of <strong>the</strong> Judaizers <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> face of Paul's<br />
strong language <strong>in</strong> verse 5.<br />
2:8 {He that wrought for Peter unto <strong>the</strong> apostleship of <strong>the</strong><br />
circumcision} (\ho gar energ•sas Petr•i eis apostol•n t•s<br />
peritom•s\). Paul here def<strong>in</strong>itely recognizes Peter's leadership<br />
(apostleship, \apostol•n\, late word, already <strong>in</strong> Ac 1:25; 1Co<br />
9:2) to <strong>the</strong> Jews and asserts that Peter acknowledges his<br />
apostleship to <strong>the</strong> Gentiles. This is a complete answer to <strong>the</strong><br />
Judaizers who denied <strong>the</strong> genu<strong>in</strong>eness of Paul's apostleship<br />
because he was not one of <strong>the</strong> twelve.<br />
2:9 {They who were reputed to be pillars} (\hoi dokountes stuloi<br />
e<strong>in</strong>ai\). They had that reputation (\dokountes\) and Paul accepts<br />
<strong>the</strong>m as such. \Stuloi\, old word for pillars, columns, as of fire<br />
(Re 10:1). So of <strong>the</strong> church (1Ti 3:15). These were <strong>the</strong> Pillar<br />
Apostles. {Gave to me and Barnabas <strong>the</strong> right hands of fellowship}<br />
(\dexias ed•kan emoi kai Barnab•i ko<strong>in</strong>•nias\). Dramatic and<br />
conclud<strong>in</strong>g act of <strong>the</strong> pact for cooperation and coord<strong>in</strong>ate,<br />
<strong>in</strong>dependent spheres of activity. The compromisers and <strong>the</strong><br />
Judaizers were brushed to one side when <strong>the</strong>se five men shook<br />
hands as equals <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> work of Christ's K<strong>in</strong>gdom.<br />
http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/GA2.RWP.html (4 of 9) [28/08/2004 09:12:21 a.m.]