Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [2 Corinthians: Chapter 12]. kai ouden eimi\). Even boasting himself against those false apostles causes a reaction of feeling that he has to express (cf. 1Co 15:9; 1Ti 1:15f.). 12:12 {Of an apostle} (\tou apostolou\). "Of the apostle" (definite article). Note the three words here for miracles wrought by Paul (\s•meia\, signs, \terata\, wonders, \dunameis\, powers or miracles) as in Heb 2:4. 12:13 {Wherein ye were made inferior} (\ho h•ss•th•te\). First aorist passive indicative of \h•ssoomai\, the text of Aleph B D instead of the usual \h•tt•th•te\ from the common \h•ttaomai\ to be inferior or less from the comparative \h•tt•n\. See \h•ss•n\ in verse 15. \Ho\ is the neuter accusative with the passive verb (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 479). {Forgive me this wrong} (\charisasthe moi t•n adikian taut•n\). Consummate irony to the stingy element in this church (cf. 11:9). 12:14 {Third time I am ready to come} (\triton touto hetoim•s ech•\). Had he been already twice or only once? He had changed his plans once when he did not go (1:15f.). He will not change his plans now. This looks as if he had only been once (that in Ac 18). Note the third use of \katanarka•\ (11:9; 12:13,14). They need not be apprehensive. He will be as financially independent of them as before. "I shall not sponge on you." {Not yours, but you} (\ou ta hum•n, alla humas\). The motto of every real preacher. {To lay up} (\th•saurizein\). For this use of the verb see 1Co 16:2 (Mt 6:19-21; Jas 5:3). 12:15 {I will most gladly spend and be spent} (\h•dista dapan•s• kai ekdapan•th•somai\). Both future active of old verb \dapana•\ (Mr 5:26) to spend money, time, energy, strength and the future passive of \ekdapana•\, late compound to spend utterly, to spend out, (\ek-\), to spend wholly. Only here in N.T. 12:16 {I did not myself burden you} (\eg• ou katebar•sa humas\). First aorist active of late verb \katabare•\, to press a burden down on one. Only here in N.T. {Crafty} (\panourgos\). Old word from \pan\, all, and \ergo\, to do anything (good or bad). Good sense is skilful, bad sense cunning. Only here in N.T. and Paul is quoting the word from his enemies. {With guile} (\dol•i\). Instrumental case of \dolos\, bait to catch fish with. The enemies of Paul said that he was raising this big collection for himself. Moffatt has done well to put these charges in quotation http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/2CO12.RWP.html (4 of 6) [28/08/2004 09:12:17 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [2 Corinthians: Chapter 12]. marks to make it plain to readers that Paul is ironical. 12:17 {Did I take advantage} (\epleonekt•sa\). Paul goes right to the point without hedging. For this verb from \pleon\ and \ech•\, to have more, see on ¯2Co 2:11; 7:2. {By any one of them} (\tina--di' autou\). An anacoluthon for \tina\ is left in the accusative without a verb and \di' autou\ takes up the idea, "as to any one by him." {Whom} (\h•n\). The genitive relative is attracted from the accusative \hous\ into the case of the unexpressed antecedent \touton\). \M•\ expects the negative answer as does \m•ti\ in 18. 12:18 {The brother} (\ton adelphon\). Probably the brother of Titus (cf. 8:18). {Did Titus take advantage of you?} (\m•ti epleonekt•sen humas Titos?\). That puts the issue squarely. {By the same Spirit} (\t•i aut•i pneumati\). That translation refers to the Holy Spirit and makes the case instrumental. The locative case, "in the same spirit," makes it mean that Paul's attitude is the same as that of Titus and most likely is correct, for "in the same steps" (\tois autois ichnesin\) is in locative case. 12:19 {Ye think all this time} (\palai dokeite\). Progressive present indicative, "for a long time ye have been thinking." {We are excusing ourselves} (\apologoumetha\). He is not just apologizing, but is in deadly earnest, as they will find out when he comes. 12:20 {Lest by any means, when I come, I should find you not such as I would} (\m• p•s elth•n ouch hoious thel• heur• humas\). An idiomatic construction after the verb of fearing (\phoboumai\) with \m• p•s\ as the conjunction and with \ouch\ as the negative of the verb \heur•\ (second aorist active subjunctive of \heurisk•\), \m•\ the conjunction, \ouch\ the negative. See Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 995. {And I be found} (\kag• heureth•\). Same construction with first aorist passive subjunctive. {Such as ye would not} (\hoion ou thelete\). Neat change in voice just before and position of the negative here. {Lest by any means} (\m• p•s\). Still further negative purpose by repeating the conjunction. With graphic pen pictures Paul describes what had been going on against him during his long absence. {Backbitings} (\katalaliai\). Late and rare word. In N.T. only here and 1Pe 2:1. If it only existed nowhere else! {Whisperings} (\psithurismoi\). Late word from \psithuriz•\, to whisper into one's ear. An onomatopoetic word for the sibilant http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/2CO12.RWP.html (5 of 6) [28/08/2004 09:12:17 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [2 Cor<strong>in</strong>thians: Chapter 12].<br />
marks to make it pla<strong>in</strong> to readers that Paul is ironical.<br />
12:17 {Did I take advantage} (\epleonekt•sa\). Paul goes right to<br />
<strong>the</strong> po<strong>in</strong>t without hedg<strong>in</strong>g. For this verb from \pleon\ and \ech•\,<br />
to have more, see on ¯2Co 2:11; 7:2. {By any one of <strong>the</strong>m}<br />
(\t<strong>in</strong>a--di' autou\). An anacoluthon for \t<strong>in</strong>a\ is left <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
accusative without a verb and \di' autou\ takes up <strong>the</strong> idea, "as<br />
to any one by him." {Whom} (\h•n\). The genitive relative is<br />
attracted from <strong>the</strong> accusative \hous\ <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> case of <strong>the</strong><br />
unexpressed antecedent \touton\). \M•\ expects <strong>the</strong> negative<br />
answer as does \m•ti\ <strong>in</strong> 18.<br />
12:18 {The bro<strong>the</strong>r} (\ton adelphon\). Probably <strong>the</strong> bro<strong>the</strong>r of<br />
Titus (cf. 8:18). {Did Titus take advantage of you?} (\m•ti<br />
epleonekt•sen humas Titos?\). That puts <strong>the</strong> issue squarely. {By<br />
<strong>the</strong> same Spirit} (\t•i aut•i pneumati\). That translation refers<br />
to <strong>the</strong> Holy Spirit and makes <strong>the</strong> case <strong>in</strong>strumental. The locative<br />
case, "<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> same spirit," makes it mean that Paul's attitude is<br />
<strong>the</strong> same as that of Titus and most likely is correct, for "<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
same steps" (\tois autois ichnes<strong>in</strong>\) is <strong>in</strong> locative case.<br />
12:19 {Ye th<strong>in</strong>k all this time} (\palai dokeite\). Progressive<br />
present <strong>in</strong>dicative, "for a long time ye have been th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g." {We<br />
are excus<strong>in</strong>g ourselves} (\apologoumetha\). He is not just<br />
apologiz<strong>in</strong>g, but is <strong>in</strong> deadly earnest, as <strong>the</strong>y will f<strong>in</strong>d out when<br />
he comes.<br />
12:20 {Lest by any means, when I come, I should f<strong>in</strong>d you not such<br />
as I would} (\m• p•s elth•n ouch hoious <strong>the</strong>l• heur• humas\). An<br />
idiomatic construction after <strong>the</strong> verb of fear<strong>in</strong>g (\phoboumai\)<br />
with \m• p•s\ as <strong>the</strong> conjunction and with \ouch\ as <strong>the</strong> negative<br />
of <strong>the</strong> verb \heur•\ (second aorist active subjunctive of<br />
\heurisk•\), \m•\ <strong>the</strong> conjunction, \ouch\ <strong>the</strong> negative. See<br />
Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 995. {And I be found} (\kag•<br />
heureth•\). Same construction with first aorist passive<br />
subjunctive. {Such as ye would not} (\hoion ou <strong>the</strong>lete\). Neat<br />
change <strong>in</strong> voice just before and position of <strong>the</strong> negative here.<br />
{Lest by any means} (\m• p•s\). Still fur<strong>the</strong>r negative purpose by<br />
repeat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> conjunction. With graphic pen pictures Paul<br />
describes what had been go<strong>in</strong>g on aga<strong>in</strong>st him dur<strong>in</strong>g his long<br />
absence. {Backbit<strong>in</strong>gs} (\katalaliai\). Late and rare word. In<br />
N.T. only here and 1Pe 2:1. If it only existed nowhere else!<br />
{Whisper<strong>in</strong>gs} (\psithurismoi\). Late word from \psithuriz•\, to<br />
whisper <strong>in</strong>to one's ear. An onomatopoetic word for <strong>the</strong> sibilant<br />
http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/2CO12.RWP.html (5 of 6) [28/08/2004 09:12:17 a.m.]