Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [2 Corinthians: Chapter 1]. guarantee genuineness of articles as sealing sacks and chests, etc. (Deissmann, _Bible Studies_, p. 238; Moulton and Milligan's _Vocabulary_). {The earnest of the Spirit} (\ton arrab•na tou pneumatos\). A word of Semitic origin (possibly Phoenician) and spelled both \arab•n\ and \arrab•n\. It is common in the papyri as earnest money in a purchase for a cow or for a wife (a dowry). In N.T. only here; 5:5; Eph 1:14. It is part payment on the total obligation and we use the very expression today, "earnest money." It is God, says Paul, who has done all this for us and God is Paul's pledge that he is sincere. He will come to Corinth in due time. This earnest of the Spirit in our hearts is the witness of the Spirit that we are God's. 1:23 {But I call God for a witness upon my soul} (\Eg• de martura ton theon epikaloumai epi t•n em•n psuch•n\). Solemn attestation, "calling heaven to witness is frequent in literature from Homer onwards" (Plummer). Thus God is described above (cf. 1Th 2:5,10; Ro 1:9; Ga 1:20; Php 1:8). {To spare you} (\pheidomenos hum•n\). Present middle participle (causal rather than final) of \pheidomai\, old verb, to hold back, to spare. Ablative case \hum•n\. 1:24 {We have lordship over} (\kurieuomen\). Old verb from \kurios\, to be lord of or over. See Lu 22:25. {Helpers of your joy} (\sunergoi t•s charas hum•n\). Co-workers (1Co 3:8) in your joy. A delicate correction to present misapprehension (\epanorth•sis\). [Table of Contents] [Previous] [Next] http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/2CO1.RWP.html (7 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:12:04 a.m.] Word Pictures in the New Testament (2 Corinthians: Chapter 1)
Word Pictures in the NT [2 Corinthians: Chapter 2]. [Table of Contents] [Previous] [Next] 2:1 {That I would not come again to you with sorrow} (\to m• palin en lup•i pros humas elthein\). Articular second aorist active infinitive with negative \m•\ in apposition with \touto\ (this) preceding. What does Paul mean by "again" (\palin\)? Had he paid another visit besides that described in Ac 18 which was in sorrow (\en lup•i\)? Or does he mean that having had one joyful visit (that in Ac 18) he does not wish the second one to be in sorrow? Either interpretation is possible as the Greek stands and scholars disagree. So in 12:14 "The third time I am ready to come" may refer to the proposed second visit (1:15f.) and the present plan (a third). And so as to 13:1. There is absolutely no way to tell clearly whether Paul had already made a second visit. If he had done so, it is a bit odd that he did not plainly say so in 1:15f. when he is apologizing for not having made the proposed visit ("a second benefit"). 2:2 {Who then?} (\kai tis?\). For this use of \kai\ see on ¯Mr 10:26; Joh 9:36. The \kai\ accepts the condition (first class \ei--lup•\) and shows the paradox that follows. \Lupe•\ is old word from \lup•\ (sorrow) in causative sense, to make sorry. {Maketh glad} (\euphrain•n\). Present active participle of old word from \eu\, well, and \phr•n\, mind, to make joyful, causative idea like \lupe•\. 2:3 {I wrote this very thing} (\egrapsa touto auto\). Is this (and \egrapsa\ in verses 4,9,12) the epistolary aorist referring to the present letter? In itself that is possible as the epistolary aorist does occur in the N.T. as in 8:18; 9:3 (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 854f.). If not epistolary aorist as seems improbable from the context and from 7:8-12, to what Epistle does he refer? To 1Co 5 or to a lost letter? It is possible, of course, that, when Paul decided not to come to Corinth, he sent a letter. The language that follows in verses 3,4; 7:8-12 can hardly apply to I Corinthians. {Should have sorrow} (\lup•n sch•\). Second aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive of \ech•\, should get sorrow, after \hina m•\ negative final particles. {From them of whom} (\aph' h•n\). Antecedent omitted, \apo tout•n aph' h•n\ (from those from whom). http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/2CO2.RWP.html (1 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:12:06 a.m.] Word Pictures in the New Testament (2 Corinthians: Chapter 2)
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [2 Cor<strong>in</strong>thians: Chapter 2].<br />
[Table of Contents]<br />
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2:1 {That I would not come aga<strong>in</strong> to you with sorrow} (\to m•<br />
pal<strong>in</strong> en lup•i pros humas el<strong>the</strong><strong>in</strong>\). Articular second aorist<br />
active <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>itive with negative \m•\ <strong>in</strong> apposition with \touto\<br />
(this) preced<strong>in</strong>g. What does Paul mean by "aga<strong>in</strong>" (\pal<strong>in</strong>\)? Had<br />
he paid ano<strong>the</strong>r visit besides that described <strong>in</strong> Ac 18 which was<br />
<strong>in</strong> sorrow (\en lup•i\)? Or does he mean that hav<strong>in</strong>g had one<br />
joyful visit (that <strong>in</strong> Ac 18) he does not wish <strong>the</strong> second one to<br />
be <strong>in</strong> sorrow? Ei<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong>terpretation is possible as <strong>the</strong> Greek<br />
stands and scholars disagree. So <strong>in</strong> 12:14 "The third time I am<br />
ready to come" may refer to <strong>the</strong> proposed second visit (1:15f.)<br />
and <strong>the</strong> present plan (a third). And so as to 13:1. There is<br />
absolutely no way to tell clearly whe<strong>the</strong>r Paul had already made a<br />
second visit. If he had done so, it is a bit odd that he did not<br />
pla<strong>in</strong>ly say so <strong>in</strong> 1:15f. when he is apologiz<strong>in</strong>g for not hav<strong>in</strong>g<br />
made <strong>the</strong> proposed visit ("a second benefit").<br />
2:2 {Who <strong>the</strong>n?} (\kai tis?\). For this use of \kai\ see on ¯Mr<br />
10:26; Joh 9:36. The \kai\ accepts <strong>the</strong> condition (first class<br />
\ei--lup•\) and shows <strong>the</strong> paradox that follows. \Lupe•\ is old<br />
word from \lup•\ (sorrow) <strong>in</strong> causative sense, to make sorry.<br />
{Maketh glad} (\euphra<strong>in</strong>•n\). Present active participle of old<br />
word from \eu\, well, and \phr•n\, m<strong>in</strong>d, to make joyful,<br />
causative idea like \lupe•\.<br />
2:3 {I wrote this very th<strong>in</strong>g} (\egrapsa touto auto\). Is this<br />
(and \egrapsa\ <strong>in</strong> verses 4,9,12) <strong>the</strong> epistolary aorist<br />
referr<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> present letter? In itself that is possible as<br />
<strong>the</strong> epistolary aorist does occur <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. as <strong>in</strong> 8:18; 9:3<br />
(Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 854f.). If not epistolary aorist as<br />
seems improbable from <strong>the</strong> context and from 7:8-12, to what<br />
Epistle does he refer? To 1Co 5 or to a lost letter? It is<br />
possible, of course, that, when Paul decided not to come to<br />
Cor<strong>in</strong>th, he sent a letter. The language that follows <strong>in</strong> verses<br />
3,4; 7:8-12 can hardly apply to I Cor<strong>in</strong>thians. {Should have<br />
sorrow} (\lup•n sch•\). Second aorist (<strong>in</strong>gressive) active<br />
subjunctive of \ech•\, should get sorrow, after \h<strong>in</strong>a m•\<br />
negative f<strong>in</strong>al particles. {From <strong>the</strong>m of whom} (\aph' h•n\).<br />
Antecedent omitted, \apo tout•n aph' h•n\ (from those from whom).<br />
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>New</strong> <strong>Testament</strong><br />
(2 Cor<strong>in</strong>thians: Chapter 2)