Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

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Word Pictures in the NT [1 Corinthians: Chapter 13]. nor envious (both ideas). {Vaunteth not itself} (\ou perpereuetai\). From \perperos\, vainglorious, braggart (Polybius, Epictetus) like Latin _perperus_. Only here in N.T. and earliest known example. It means play the braggart. Marcus Anton. V. 5 uses it with \areskeuomai\, to play the toady. {Is not puffed up} (\ou phusioutai\). Present direct middle indicative of \phusio•\ from \phusis\ (late form for \phusa•, phusia•\ from \phusa\, bellows), to puff oneself out like a pair of bellows. This form in Herodas and Menander. Is not arrogant. See on ¯4:6. 13:5 {Doth not behave itself unseemly} (\ouk asch•monei\). Old verb from \asch•m•n\ (12:23). In N.T. only here and 7:36. Not indecent. {Seeketh not its own} (\ou z•tei ta heaut•s\). Its own interests (10:24,33). {Is not provoked} (\ou paroxunetai\). Old word. In N.T. only here and Ac 17:16 which see. Irritation or sharpness of spirit. And yet Paul felt it in Athens (exasperation) and he and Barnabas had \paroxusmos\ (paroxysm) in Antioch (15:39). See good sense of \paroxusmos\ in Heb 10:24. {Taketh not account of evil} (\ou logizetai to kakon\). Old verb from \logos\, to count up, to take account of as in a ledger or note-book, "the evil" (\to kakon\) done to love with a view to settling the account. 13:6 {Rejoiceth not in unrighteousness} (\ou chairei\). See Ro 1:32 for this depth of degradation. There are people as low as that whose real joy is in the triumph of evil. {But rejoiceth with the truth} (\sunchairei de t•i al•thei•i\). Associative instrumental case after \sun-\ in composition. Truth personified as opposed to unrighteousness (2Th 2:12; Ro 2:8). Love is on the side of the angels. Paul returns here to the positive side of the picture (verse 4) after the remarkable negatives. 13:7 {Beareth all things} (\panta stegei\). \Steg•\ is old verb from \steg•\, roof, already in 1Co 9:12; 1Th 3:1,5 which see. Love covers, protects, forbears (_suffert_, Vulgate). See 1Pe 4:8 "because love covers a multitude of sins" (\hoti agap• kaluptei ph•thos hamarti•n\), throws a veil over. {Believeth all things} (\panta pisteuei\). Not gullible, but has faith in men. {Hopeth all things} (\panta elpizei\). Sees the bright side of things. Does not despair. \Endureth all things\ (\panta hupomenei\). Perseveres. Carries on like a stout-hearted soldier. If one knows Sir Joshua Reynolds's beautiful painting of the Seven Virtues (the four cardinal virtues of the http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/1CO13.RWP.html (3 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:11:55 a.m.]

Word Pictures in the NT [1 Corinthians: Chapter 13]. Stoics--temperance, prudence, fortitude, justice--and the three Christian graces--faith, hope, love), he will find them all exemplified here as marks of love (the queen of them all). 13:8 {Love never faileth} (\H• agap• oudepote piptei\). New turn for the perpetuity of love. \Piptei\ correct text, not \ekpiptei\, as in Lu 16:17. Love survives everything. {They shall be done away} (\katarg•th•sontai\). First future passive of \katarge•\. Rare in old Greek, to make idle (\argos\), inoperative. All these special spiritual gifts will pass. It is amazing how little of human work lasts. {They shall cease} (\pausontai\). Future middle indicative of \pau•\, to make cease. They shall make themselves cease or automatically cease of themselves. 13:9 {In part} (\ek merous\). See on ¯12:27. As opposed to the whole. 13:10 {That which is perfect} (\to teleion\). The perfect, the full-grown (\telos\, end), the mature. See on ¯2:6. \Hotan elth•i\ is second aorist subjunctive with \hotan\, temporal clause for indefinite future time. 13:11 {A child} (\n•pios\). See on ¯3:1 for \n•pios\ in contrast with \teleios\ (adult). {I spake} (\elaloun\). Imperfect active, I used to talk. {I felt} (\ephronoun\). Imperfect active, I used to think. Better, I used to understand. {I thought} (\elogizom•n\). Imperfect middle, I used to reason or calculate. {Now that I am become} (\hote gegona\). Perfect active indicative \gegona\, I have become a man (\an•r\) and remain so (Eph 4:14). {I have put away} (\kat•rg•ka\). Perfect active indicative. I have made inoperative (verse 8) for good. 13:12 {In a mirror} (\di' esoptrou\). By means of a mirror (\esoptron\, from \opt•\, old word, in papyri). Ancient mirrors were of polished metal, not glass, those in Corinth being famous. {Darkly} (\en ainigmati\). Literally, in an enigma. Old word from \ainissomai\, to express obscurely. This is true of all ancient mirrors. Here only in N.T., but often in LXX. "To see a friend's face in a cheap mirror would be very different from looking at the friend" (Robertson and Plummer). {Face to face} (\pros•pon pros pros•pon\). Note triple use of \pros\ which means facing one as in Joh 1:1. \Pros•pon\ is old word from \pros\ and \ops\, eye, face. {Shall I know} (\epign•somai\). I shall fully (\epi-\) http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/1CO13.RWP.html (4 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:11:55 a.m.]

<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [1 Cor<strong>in</strong>thians: Chapter 13].<br />

Stoics--temperance, prudence, fortitude, justice--and <strong>the</strong> three<br />

Christian graces--faith, hope, love), he will f<strong>in</strong>d <strong>the</strong>m all<br />

exemplified here as marks of love (<strong>the</strong> queen of <strong>the</strong>m all).<br />

13:8 {Love never faileth} (\H• agap• oudepote piptei\). <strong>New</strong> turn<br />

for <strong>the</strong> perpetuity of love. \Piptei\ correct text, not<br />

\ekpiptei\, as <strong>in</strong> Lu 16:17. Love survives everyth<strong>in</strong>g. {They<br />

shall be done away} (\katarg•th•sontai\). First future passive of<br />

\katarge•\. Rare <strong>in</strong> old Greek, to make idle (\argos\),<br />

<strong>in</strong>operative. All <strong>the</strong>se special spiritual gifts will pass. It is<br />

amaz<strong>in</strong>g how little of human work lasts. {They shall cease}<br />

(\pausontai\). Future middle <strong>in</strong>dicative of \pau•\, to make cease.<br />

They shall make <strong>the</strong>mselves cease or automatically cease of<br />

<strong>the</strong>mselves.<br />

13:9 {In part} (\ek merous\). See on ¯12:27. As opposed to <strong>the</strong><br />

whole.<br />

13:10 {That which is perfect} (\to teleion\). The perfect, <strong>the</strong><br />

full-grown (\telos\, end), <strong>the</strong> mature. See on ¯2:6. \Hotan<br />

elth•i\ is second aorist subjunctive with \hotan\, temporal<br />

clause for <strong>in</strong>def<strong>in</strong>ite future time.<br />

13:11 {A child} (\n•pios\). See on ¯3:1 for \n•pios\ <strong>in</strong> contrast<br />

with \teleios\ (adult). {I spake} (\elaloun\). Imperfect active,<br />

I used to talk. {I felt} (\ephronoun\). Imperfect active, I used<br />

to th<strong>in</strong>k. Better, I used to understand. {I thought}<br />

(\elogizom•n\). Imperfect middle, I used to reason or calculate.<br />

{Now that I am become} (\hote gegona\). Perfect active <strong>in</strong>dicative<br />

\gegona\, I have become a man (\an•r\) and rema<strong>in</strong> so (Eph<br />

4:14). {I have put away} (\kat•rg•ka\). Perfect active<br />

<strong>in</strong>dicative. I have made <strong>in</strong>operative (verse 8) for good.<br />

13:12 {In a mirror} (\di' esoptrou\). By means of a mirror<br />

(\esoptron\, from \opt•\, old word, <strong>in</strong> papyri). Ancient mirrors<br />

were of polished metal, not glass, those <strong>in</strong> Cor<strong>in</strong>th be<strong>in</strong>g famous.<br />

{Darkly} (\en a<strong>in</strong>igmati\). Literally, <strong>in</strong> an enigma. Old word from<br />

\a<strong>in</strong>issomai\, to express obscurely. This is true of all ancient<br />

mirrors. Here only <strong>in</strong> N.T., but often <strong>in</strong> LXX. "To see a friend's<br />

face <strong>in</strong> a cheap mirror would be very different from look<strong>in</strong>g at<br />

<strong>the</strong> friend" (Robertson and Plummer). {Face to face} (\pros•pon<br />

pros pros•pon\). Note triple use of \pros\ which means fac<strong>in</strong>g one<br />

as <strong>in</strong> Joh 1:1. \Pros•pon\ is old word from \pros\ and \ops\,<br />

eye, face. {Shall I know} (\epign•somai\). I shall fully (\epi-\)<br />

http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/1CO13.RWP.html (4 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:11:55 a.m.]

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