Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Romans: Chapter 12]. teacheth} (\eite ho didask•n\). Here the construction changes and no longer do we have the accusative case like \diakonian\ (general word for Christian service of all kinds including ministers and deacons) as the object of \echontes\, but the nominative articular participle. A new verb must be supplied of which \ho didask•n\ is the subject as with the succeeding participles through verse 8. Perhaps in each instance the verb is to be repeated from the participle like \didasket•\ here (let him teach) or a general term \poieit•\ (let him do it) can be used for all of them as seems necessary before "with liberality" in verse 8 (\en haplot•ti\, in simplicity, for which word, see Mt 6:22; 2Co 8:2; 9:11,13). {He that ruleth} (\ho proistamenos\). "The one standing in front" for which see 1Th 5:12. {With diligence} (\en spoud•i\). "In haste" as if in earnest (Mr 6:25; 2Co 7:11f., 8:8,16), from \speud•\, to hasten. Again verse 11. {With cheerfulness} (\en hilarot•ti\). Late word, only here in N.T., from \hilaros\ (2Co 9:7) cheerful, hilarious. 12:9 {Without hypocrisy} (\anupokritos\). Late double compound adjective for which see 2Co 6:6. Hypocritical or pretended love is no love at all as Paul describes \agap•\ in 1Co 13. {Abhor} (\apostugountes\). Old verb with intensive (\apo\) dislike, only here in N.T. The present active participle is here employed in the sense of the present active indicative as sometimes happens with the independent participle (Robertson, _Grammar_, pp. 1132ff.). This same idiom appears with \koll•menoi\ (cleaving) for which verb see on ¯1Co 6:17, with \pro•goumenoi\ (preferring) in verse 10 (old verb here only in N.T.), and with the participles in verses 11-13 and again in verses 16-18. One can supply \este\ if he prefers. 12:10 {In love of the brethren} (\t•i philadelphi•i\). Late word for brotherly love for which see 1Th 4:9. {Tenderly affectioned} (\philostorgoi\). Old compound adjective from \philos\ and \storg•\ (mutual love of parents and children), here alone in N.T. 12:11 {Slothful} (\okn•roi\). Old adjective from \okne•\, to hesitate, to be slow. Slow and "poky" as in Mt 25:26. 12:12 {Patient in tribulation} (\t•i thlipsei hupomenontes\). So soon this virtue became a mark of the Christians. http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/RO12.RWP.html (3 of 6) [28/08/2004 09:09:29 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Romans: Chapter 12]. 12:13 {Communicating} (\koin•nountes\). "Contributing." From \koin•ne•\ for which see 2Co 9:13. Paul had raised a great collection for the poor saints in Jerusalem. {Given to hospitality} (\t•n philoxenian di•kontes\). "Pursuing (as if in a chase or hunt) hospitality" (\philoxenia\, old word from \philoxenos\, fond of strangers, \philos\ and \xenos\ as in 1Ti 3:2). In N.T. only here and Heb 13:2. See 2Co 3:1. They were to pursue (\di•k•\) hospitality as their enemies pursued (\di•kontas\) them. 12:14 {And curse not} (\kai m• katar•sthe\). Present middle imperative with \m•\. Like Mt 5:44 in spirit, not a quotation, but a reminiscence of the words of Jesus. The negative addition gives emphasis. See Lu 6:28 for the old verb \kataraomai\ from \katara\ (curse). 12:15 {Rejoice} (\chairein\). Present active infinitive of \chair•\, absolute or independent use of the infinitive as if a finite verb as occurs sometimes (Robertson, _Grammar_, pp. 1092ff.). Literally here, "Rejoicing with rejoicing people, weeping with weeping people." 12:16 {Be of the same mind} (\to auto phronountes\). Absolute or independent use of the participle again as with all the participles through verse 18, "thinking the same thing." {Set not your mind on high things} (\m• ta hups•la phronountes\). "Not thinking the high things" (\hups•los\ from \hupsos\, height). Cf. 1Co 13:5. {Condescend to things that are lowly} (\tois tapeinois sunapagomenoi\). "Be carried away with (borne along with) the lowly things" (in contrast with \ta hups•la\, though the associative instrumental case may be masculine, "with lowly men.") See Ga 2:13; 2Pe 3:17 for the only other N.T. examples of this old verb. {Be not wise} (\m• ginesthe phronimoi\). "Do not have the habit of becoming (\ginesthe\) wise in your own conceits" (\par' heautois\, beside yourselves). Note the imperative in the midst of infinitives and participles. 12:17 {Render to no man} (\m•deni apodidontes\). "Giving back to no man." Independent participle again. {Evil for evil} (\kakon anti kakou\). Directly opposite to the law of retaliation of the Pharisees as in Mt 5:39; 1Th 5:15; 1Co 13:5f. {Take thought of} (\pronooumenoi\). "Taking thought beforehand." Old word. See 2Co 8:21. http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/RO12.RWP.html (4 of 6) [28/08/2004 09:09:29 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Romans: Chapter 12].<br />
teacheth} (\eite ho didask•n\). Here <strong>the</strong> construction changes and<br />
no longer do we have <strong>the</strong> accusative case like \diakonian\<br />
(general word for Christian service of all k<strong>in</strong>ds <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
m<strong>in</strong>isters and deacons) as <strong>the</strong> object of \echontes\, but <strong>the</strong><br />
nom<strong>in</strong>ative articular participle. A new verb must be supplied of<br />
which \ho didask•n\ is <strong>the</strong> subject as with <strong>the</strong> succeed<strong>in</strong>g<br />
participles through verse 8. Perhaps <strong>in</strong> each <strong>in</strong>stance <strong>the</strong> verb<br />
is to be repeated from <strong>the</strong> participle like \didasket•\ here (let<br />
him teach) or a general term \poieit•\ (let him do it) can be<br />
used for all of <strong>the</strong>m as seems necessary before "with liberality"<br />
<strong>in</strong> verse 8 (\en haplot•ti\, <strong>in</strong> simplicity, for which word, see<br />
Mt 6:22; 2Co 8:2; 9:11,13). {He that ruleth} (\ho<br />
proistamenos\). "The one stand<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> front" for which see 1Th<br />
5:12. {With diligence} (\en spoud•i\). "In haste" as if <strong>in</strong><br />
earnest (Mr 6:25; 2Co 7:11f., 8:8,16), from \speud•\, to<br />
hasten. Aga<strong>in</strong> verse 11. {With cheerfulness} (\en hilarot•ti\).<br />
Late word, only here <strong>in</strong> N.T., from \hilaros\ (2Co 9:7)<br />
cheerful, hilarious.<br />
12:9 {Without hypocrisy} (\anupokritos\). Late double compound<br />
adjective for which see 2Co 6:6. Hypocritical or pretended love<br />
is no love at all as Paul describes \agap•\ <strong>in</strong> 1Co 13. {Abhor}<br />
(\apostugountes\). Old verb with <strong>in</strong>tensive (\apo\) dislike, only<br />
here <strong>in</strong> N.T. The present active participle is here employed <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> sense of <strong>the</strong> present active <strong>in</strong>dicative as sometimes happens<br />
with <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dependent participle (Robertson, _Grammar_, pp.<br />
1132ff.). This same idiom appears with \koll•menoi\ (cleav<strong>in</strong>g)<br />
for which verb see on ¯1Co 6:17, with \pro•goumenoi\<br />
(preferr<strong>in</strong>g) <strong>in</strong> verse 10 (old verb here only <strong>in</strong> N.T.), and with<br />
<strong>the</strong> participles <strong>in</strong> verses 11-13 and aga<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> verses 16-18.<br />
One can supply \este\ if he prefers.<br />
12:10 {In love of <strong>the</strong> brethren} (\t•i philadelphi•i\). Late word<br />
for bro<strong>the</strong>rly love for which see 1Th 4:9. {Tenderly<br />
affectioned} (\philostorgoi\). Old compound adjective from<br />
\philos\ and \storg•\ (mutual love of parents and children), here<br />
alone <strong>in</strong> N.T.<br />
12:11 {Slothful} (\okn•roi\). Old adjective from \okne•\, to<br />
hesitate, to be slow. Slow and "poky" as <strong>in</strong> Mt 25:26.<br />
12:12 {Patient <strong>in</strong> tribulation} (\t•i thlipsei hupomenontes\). So<br />
soon this virtue became a mark of <strong>the</strong> Christians.<br />
http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/RO12.RWP.html (3 of 6) [28/08/2004 09:09:29 a.m.]