Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the NT [Romans: Chapter 11]
11:17 {Branches} (\klad•n\). From \kla•\, to break. {Were broken
off} (\exeklasth•san\). First aorist passive indicative of
\ekkla•\. Play on the word \klados\ (branch) and \ekkla•\, to
break off. Condition of first class, assumed as true. Some of the
individual Jews (natural Israel) were broken off the stock of the
tree (spiritual Israel). {And thou} (\kai su\). An individual
Gentile. {Being a wild olive} (\agrielaios •n\). This word, used
by Aristotle, occurs in an inscription. Ramsay (_Pauline
Studies_, pp. 219ff.) shows that the ancients used the wild-olive
graft upon an old olive tree to reinvigorate the tree precisely
as Paul uses the figure here and that both the olive tree and the
graft were influenced by each other, though the wild olive graft
did not produce as good olives as the original stock. But it
should be noted that in verse 24 Paul expressly states that the
grafting of Gentiles on to the stock of the spiritual Israel was
"contrary to nature" (\para phusin\). {Wast grafted in}
(\enekentristh•s\). First aorist passive indicative of
\enkentriz•\, to cut in, to graft, used by Aristotle. Belongs "to
the higher _Koin•_" (literary _Koin•_) according to Milligan.
{Partaker} (\sunkoin•nos\). Co-partner. {Fatness} (\piot•tos\).
Old word from \pi•n\ (fat), only here in N.T. Note three
genitives here "of the root of the fatness of the olive."
11:18 {Glory not over the branches} (\m• katakauch• t•n klad•n\).
Genitive case after \kata\. Present middle imperative second
person singular of \katakauchaomai\ with negative \m•\, "stop
glorying" or "do not have the habit of glorying over the
branches." The conclusion of the preceding condition. {Gloriest}
(\katakauch•sai\). Late form \-aesai\ retaining \s\. {Not thou}
(\ou su\). Very emphatic position. The graft was upon the stock
and root, though each affected the other.
11:19 {Thou wilt say then} (\ereis oun\). A presumptuous Gentile
speaks. {That I might be grafted in} (\hina eg• enkentristh•\).
Purpose clause with \hina\ and first aorist passive subjunctive.
He shows contempt for the cast-off Jews.
11:20 {Well} (\kal•s\). Perhaps ironical, though Paul may simply
admit the statement (cf. Mr 12:32) and show the Gentile his
real situation. {By unbelief} (\t•i apisti•i\) {--by faith}
(\pistei\). Instrumental case with both contrasted words (by
unbelief, by belief).
11:21 {Be not highminded} (\m• hups•la phronei\). "Stop thinking
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