Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the NT [Romans: Chapter 3]
3:13 {Throat} (\larugx\). Old word, larynx. {Open sepulchre}
(\taphos ane•igmenos\). Perfect passive participle of \anoig•\,
"an opened grave." Their mouth (words) like the odour of a newly
opened grave. "Some portions of Greek and Roman literature stink
like a newly opened grave" (Shedd). {They have used deceit}
(\edoliousan\). Imperfect (not perfect or aorist as the English
implies) active of \dolio•\, only in LXX and here in the N.T.
from the common adjective \dolios\, deceitful (2Co 11:13). The
regular form would be \edolioun\. The \-osan\ ending for third
plural in imperfect and aorist was once thought to be purely
Alexandrian because so common in the LXX, but it is common in the
Boeotian and Aeolic dialects and occurs in \eichosan\ in the N.T.
(Joh 15:22,24). "They smoothed their tongues" in the Hebrew.
{Poison} (\ios\). Old word both for rust (Jas 5:3) and poison
(Jas 3:8). {Of asps} (\aspid•n\). Common word for round bowl,
shield, then the Egyptian cobra (a deadly serpent). Often in LXX.
Only here in the N.T. The poison of the asp lies in a bag under
the lips (\cheil•\), often in LXX, only here in N.T. Genitive
case after \gemei\ (is full).
3:15 {To shed} (\ekcheai\). First aorist active infinitive of
\ekche•\, to pour out, old verb with aorist active \exechea\.
3:16 {Destruction} (\suntrimma\). Rare word from \suntrib•\, to
rub together, to crush. In Le 21:19 for fracture and so in
papyri. Only here in N.T. {Misery} (\talaip•ria\). Common word
from \talaip•ros\ (Ro 7:24), only here in the N.T.
3:17 {The way of peace} (\hodon eir•n•s\). Wherever they go they
leave a trail of woe and destruction (Denney).
3:18 {Before} (\apenanti\). Late double compound (\apo, en,
anti\) adverbial preposition in LXX and Polybius, papyri and
inscriptions. With genitive as here.
3:19 {That every mouth may be stopped} (\hina p•n stoma
phrag•i\). Purpose clause with \hina\ and second aorist passive
subjunctive of \phrass•\, old verb to fence in, to block up. See
2Co 11:10. Stopping mouths is a difficult business. See Tit
1:11 where Paul uses \epistomizein\ (to stop up the mouth) for
the same idea. Paul seems here to be speaking directly to Jews
(\tois en t•i nom•i\), the hardest to convince. With the previous
proof on that point he covers the whole ground for he made the
case against the Gentiles in 1:18-32. {May be brought under the
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