Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the NT [Romans: Chapter 2].
2:9 {Every soul of man} (\pasan psuch•n anthr•pou\). See 13:1
for this use of \psuch•\ for the individual. {Of the Jew first
and also of the Greek} (\Ioudaiou te pr•ton kai Hell•nos\). See
on ¯1:16. First not only in penalty as here, but in privilege
also as in 2:11; 1:16.
2:11 {Respect of persons} (\pros•pol•mpsia\). Milligan
(_Vocabulary_) considers this word (in N.T. only here, Col 3:25;
Eph 6:9) and \pros•pol•mpt•s\ (Ac 10:34) and \pros•pol•mpte•\
(Jas 2:9) the earliest definitely known Christian words, not in
LXX or non-Christian writings. See on ¯Ac 10:34 for the
formation in imitation of the Hebrew to take note of the face
(\pros•pon, lamban•\), to judge by the face or appearance.
2:12 {Have sinned} (\h•marton\). Constative aorist active
indicative, "sinned," a timeless aorist. {Without law}
(\anom•s\). Old adverb "contrary to law," "unjustly," but here in
ignorance of the Mosaic law (or of any law). Nowhere else in N.T.
{Shall also perish without law} (\anom•s kai apolountai\). Future
middle indicative of \apollumi\, to destroy. This is a very
important statement. The heathen who sin are lost, because they
do not keep the law which they have, not because they do not have
the Mosaic law or Christianity. {Under law} (\en nom•i\). In the
sphere of the Mosaic law. {By the law} (\dia nomou\). The Jew has
to stand or fall by the Mosaic law.
2:13 {Not the hearers--but the doers} (\ou gar hoi akroatai--all'
hoi poi•tai\). The law was read in the synagogue, but there was
no actual virtue in listening. The virtue is in doing. See a like
contrast by James between "hearers" and "doers" of the gospel
(Jas 1:22-25). {Before God} (\para t•i the•i\). By God's side,
as God looks at it. {Shall be justified} (\dikai•th•sontai\).
Future passive indicative of \dikaio•\, to declare righteous, to
set right. "Shall be declared righteous." Like Jas 1:22-25.
2:14 {That have no law} (\ta m• nomon echonta\). Better, "that
have not the law" (the Mosaic law). {By nature} (\phusei\).
Instrumental case of \phusis\, old word from \phu•\, to beget.
The Gentiles are without the Mosaic law, but not without some
knowledge of God in conscience and when they do right "they are a
law to themselves" (\heautois eisin nomos\). This is an obvious
reply to the Jewish critic.
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