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Moon, as the partner of Sun, is a bust of a<br />

female portrayed in the inner circle of the calendar<br />

mosaic in Hall A of the Monastery of Lady<br />

Mary.<br />

Male figures stand for the River Nile, the<br />

Four Rivers of Paradise, and the sole rendition<br />

of Oceanus on the mosaic in the south aisle at<br />

Petra church. The months, usually males, are<br />

portrayed in various rural activities. The zodiac<br />

signs are all male except for Virgo. The sun god<br />

personification in the zodiac designs on synagogue<br />

pavements is male, as well as is bust of Sun in the<br />

inner circle in Hall A at the Beth She"an monastery<br />

and on the zodiac mosaic at Tallaras Baths<br />

Astypalaea.<br />

personification of natural forces 197<br />

The personifications of natural elements<br />

show some association with Hellenistic tradition,<br />

although generally they have ‘long lost any<br />

sense of representing actual deities’ (Dunbabin<br />

1999: 199). However, some of the personifications<br />

might have assigned a symbolic significance to the<br />

images, such as the role of God as the creator of<br />

Heaven and Earth as proclaimed by an inscription<br />

surrounding the personification of Sea in the<br />

Apostles church at Madaba (Piccirillo 1993: 106),<br />

or the prosperity and thriving of the people represented<br />

by the cycle of nature and time.

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