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Table VI-2b. Composition and Repertory of inhabited vine scrolls mosaic pavements of groups IV-V. Mosaic Date century CE Type of structure Vintage scenes Hare eating grapes Chase and hunting scenes Pastoral scenes Repertory Basket Peacocks flanking Birdin-cage Bird of prey Animals Birds Group IV Palaestina, Beth Shean c. 530 tomb + + + + + + + El Hammam chamber Beth She"an, Monastery room L 567 monastery + + + + + Sede Nahum 6th chapel + + + Arabia Deacon Thomas, #Uyun Musa, Mt. Nebo First half 6th church + + + + Gerasa- Elias, Maria, Soreg 6th church + + + + + + + Kaianus, Lower mosaic, Late 5th early church + + + + #Uyun Musa, Mt. Nebo 6th Priest John, Lower mosaic Mukhayyat Mt. Nebo, I–nave Late 5th II–presbytery – chapel + + early + + 6th Qam 6th chapel + + + St. George, Mukhayyat Mt. Nebo, north aisle 535/36 church + + Suwayfiyah, Philadelphia, 6th chapel + + + + St. Stephen Umm Rasas 756 church + + + + + + Group V Palaestina Casearea 6th mansion + + + + + Arabia Al-Khadir, Madaba, 6th church + + + + Anastasius, Bostra 6th chapel + Cathedral Chapel, Gerasa chapel Khirbat al-Kursi Philadelphia 6th chapel + + + St George, S aisle, Gerasa church + + (continued on next page) 134 chapter six
Table VI-2b. (Cont.) Mosaic Date century CE Sts. Lot & Procopius, Mukhayyat, Mt. Nebo Type of structure Vintage scenes Hare eating grapes Chase and hunting scenes 557 church + + + + + Unclear St. Paul, Umm al-Rasas Second half 6th church + + Inhabited Acanthus scrolls Burnt Palace, Madaba, 6th mansion + + + Bishop Sergius, Umm al-Rasas 587/88 church + + + + + Church of the Lions, Umm al-Rasas, 574 or 589 church +? + Church of the Rivers, Umm al-Rasas 579 or 594 church + + + Priest John, Mukhayyat Mt. Nebo, Upper mosaic 565 chapel + + + St. George, Mukhayyat, Mt. Nebo, nave 535/36 church + + + + Phoenicia Jenah 6th. church + + Qabr Hiram 575 church + + + + + Zaharani I 524 church + + + Zaharani II 535 Syria Haouarte South 484/6 church + + Haouarte North, apse 486/7 or 501/3 church + Haouarte North, side 6th church + + + + + + Qum Hartaine, apse 5th-6th church + + + + Pastoral scenes Repertory Basket Peacocks flanking Birdin-cage Bird of prey Animals Birds the ‘inhabited scrolls’ mosaic pavements 135
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294 glossary
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Ψ ή φ ο ς ס פ י ס פ Ancie
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contents To my beloved granddaughte
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contents CONTENTS List of Color Pla
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contents C Pastoral and Rural Scene
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list of color plates xi LIST OF COL
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list of color plates xiii V.4 Nilom
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list of color plates xv Mt. Nebo; g
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list of color plates xvii Authority
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list of figures xix LIST OF FIGURES
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list of figures xxi Figure IV-15. D
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list of figures xxiii Figure VIII-5
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list of figures xxv LIST OF TABLES
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foreword xxvii FOREWORD התדיב
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One of the most significant and fru
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pavement at Caesarea the word is sp
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mosaic pavements adorning buildings
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Introduction: Jewish Figurative Art
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Figure II-3. Beth "Alpha synagogue:
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to the Sefer HaRazim Yahoweh reside
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ut all served as repositories for t
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pomegranates and cups (Hachlili 200
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open ark with scrolls is depicted,
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are rendered in non-identical symme
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pavements of Samarian synagogues an
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of two columns surmounting an arche
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A group of ancient synagogues disco
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the zodiac panel and its significan
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the bust of the season Nisan (Sprin
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The Summer attributes, the sickle a
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Table III-1. Comparative chart of t
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Figure III-12. Part of a stone ceil
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A Roman villa at Odos Triakosion in
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the four seasons, representing the
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iblical narrative themes and images
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Noah’s Ark biblical narrative the
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Jonah biblical narrative themes and
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Nilotic scenes are a recurrent them
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iconographic elements of nilotic sc
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I.1 Masada mosaic pavements: a. ant
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I.3 Jerusalem, Upper City, pavement
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II.1 Torah shrine panels on synagog
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II.3 Comparable shrines on Jordan m
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III.1 Hammath Tiberias synagogue zo
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III.3 Beth "Alpha synagogue zodiac
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III.5 Sun God on synagogue pavement
Page 145 and 146: III.7 Zodiac signs on synagogue pav
Page 147 and 148: III.9 Zodiac signs on synagogue pav
Page 149 and 150: III.11 The four seasons on synagogu
Page 151 and 152: IV.1 Binding of Isaac on synagogue
Page 153 and 154: IV.3 David-Orpheus on the Gaza syna
Page 155 and 156: IV.5 The Orpheus mosaic, Jerusalem.
Page 157 and 158: IV.7 Sepphoris synagogue, The Conse
Page 159 and 160: V.1 Nilotic scene at Beth Leontis,
Page 161 and 162: V.3 Nilotic scene at Sepphoris Nile
Page 163 and 164: eagle. Another Nilotic scene appear
Page 165 and 166: shown standing on the river bank as
Page 167 and 168: The depiction of a putto riding a c
Page 169 and 170: Table V.1. Nilotic Elements on Byza
Page 171 and 172: Nile Festival mosaic, with the addi
Page 173 and 174: The ‘inhabited scroll’ became o
Page 175 and 176: donkey. Lively animal chase scenes
Page 177 and 178: naturalistic in execution, and unli
Page 179 and 180: which contains objects flanked by s
Page 181 and 182: Figure VI-7. Group II: Jerusalem, t
Page 183 and 184: the outer ones; the second survivin
Page 185 and 186: Table VI-1a. Composition and Repert
Page 187 and 188: Group III consists of the mosaics e
Page 189 and 190: the ‘inhabited scrolls’ mosaic
Page 191 and 192: Figure VI-13. Beth She"an, Monaster
Page 193 and 194: Figure VI-15. Sede Nahum mosaic fra
Page 195: Table VI-2a. (Cont.) Mosaic Date ce
Page 199 and 200: In the south aisle of St. George ch
Page 201 and 202: four amphorae in the centre of the
Page 203 and 204: On Jordanian mosaics, in the acanth
Page 205 and 206: to have grapes of both styles (pl.
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Page 209 and 210: grape harvesting, pastoral, and hun
Page 211 and 212: Rural activities and pastoral scene
Page 213 and 214: Table VII.1. Vintage scenes on vine
Page 215 and 216: Figures Treading Grapes and the Pre
Page 217 and 218: The forerunners for these vintage s
Page 219 and 220: Snake and Mongoose Confrontation Th
Page 221 and 222: Table VII.2. Animal chase and comba
Page 223 and 224: iconographic aspects of rural life
Page 225 and 226: scenes are found in the mid-5th- to
Page 227 and 228: Table VII.3. Big Game Hunting scene
Page 231 and 232: likewise surround the basin of the
Page 237 and 238: the cathedral at Madaba (Piccirillo
Page 239 and 240: 443, 455-6, 466) holds that this ty
Page 241 and 242: Personification is a common theme o
Page 243 and 244: Rivers of Paradise, but only two of
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in an intercolumnar space (Church o
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the seasons with deliberate differe
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personification of natural forces 1
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crook Spring’s attribute at the B
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personification of natural forces 1
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while in mosaics of the Greek East
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Moon, as the partner of Sun, is a b
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Animals in a repeated antithetic sy
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designs of symmetrical antithetic a
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(Ovadiah 1987: 105) and at the Naha
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a bear, a lion and a destroyed anim
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long-horned deer drinking from a sp
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iconoclasm on mosaic pavements of s
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A significant subject in ancient ar
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These compositions with division in
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frequent ornamentation of the synag
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(Ovadiah 1987: 68): A cross within
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Some scholars propose that depictio
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V.5 City representations: a. Beth L
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V.7 The sail boat: a. Beth Leontis,
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VI.1 Gaza synagogue pavement.
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VI.3 Jerusalem ‘Armenian’ churc
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VI.6-8 Petra Church: North Aisle mo
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VI.8
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VI.10 The church of the Deacon Thom
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VI.12 Amphorae depicted on inhabite
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VI.14 Bird of prey on inhabited vin
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VI.16 Baskets on inhabited vine scr
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VI.18 Vine leaves and bunches of gr
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VI.20 Subdued animals: a. Be’er S
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VII.2 Transporting grapes: a. El Ha
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VII.4 Flute player: a. Beth She’a
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VII.6 Snake and mongoose confrontat
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VII.8 Dog chasing hare/rabbit on ch
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Inhabited Vine Scrolls Pavements A
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similar in the general depiction of
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etween synagogue and church 233 Fig
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part are evidently connected: almos
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etween synagogue and church 237 Fig
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Mukhayyat (Bagatti 1949: 99, pl. 29
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time. They might have contained gen
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Artists, workshops and schools of m
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• The same artisans are mentioned
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1933: 146, No. 23, 8; 1934: 73 =198
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characteristically mixed origin of
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The Sepphoris Mosaicists The Seppho
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on horseback spearing a leopard wit
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Odysseus fighting the monster Scyll
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Figure XII-6. Hall A mosaic, Monast
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mosaicists, workshops, and the repe
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Dating The Monastery was dated by i
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connections with Egypt, and perhaps
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different themes based on comparabl
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esults were mosaics in the old Diak
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Jews toartists and craftsmen. Among
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epeated use was supplemented by fre
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of designs from general pattern boo
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concluding remarks, comments, and o
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list of sites 289 LIST OF SITES Sit
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Site Date Centuries CE Jordan (Arab
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VII.10 Jabaliyah Diakonikon mosaic
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VII.12 Hunter/soldier on foot with
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VII.14 Feline with cub: a. Gaza syn
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VII.16 Shepherd: a. Be’er Shem‘
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VII.18 Figure leading camel: a. Kis
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VII.20 Fishing: a. Beth Loya, two e
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VIII.2 Seasons: a. Caesarea: Spring
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VIII.4 Beth She’an monastery, Hal
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IX.2 Flanking birds: a. Beth Shean,
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IX.4 a. Huseifa, unidentical menoro
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X.2 Susiya synagogue: a. panel Tora
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X.4 Jabaliyah church, north aisle.
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XI.2 Crosses on mosaic pavements: a
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XI.4 Tabgha, Church of the Multipli
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XII.2
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XII.4 Beth Leontis, Beth She’an:
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XII.6 Similarities between animals:
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XII.8 Similarities between animals
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glossary 293 GLOSSARY Aedicula Ston
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list of sites 295 ABBREVIATIONS ACR
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Abel, F. M. 1924 Décourvertes réc
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1969 Antike Mosaiken in Kilikien, I
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2001 The Nilometer, in Measuting an
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The Art of Byzantium and the Mediev
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1995 The Activity of the Mosaicists
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1971 The Secret of the ‘En Gedi I
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