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Table VI-2a. Composition and Repertory of inhabited vine scrolls mosaic pavements of groups IV-V. Mosaic Date century CE Type of structure Composition Vine issuing from No. of column No. of rows Inhabited acanthus border Figures out of medallion Images filling space between scrolls Vase at bottom +peacocks/ animals Group IV Palaestina Beth She"an El Hammam c. 530 tomb chamber 7 8 + + + + Beth She"an, Monastery room L 567 monastery 4 4 + Sede Nahum 6th chapel 3+ 10 Arabia Deacon Thomas, #Uyun Musa, Mt. Nebo Gerasa- Elias, Maria, Soreg Kaianus, Lower mosaic, #Uyun Musa, Mt. Nebo Priest John, Lower mosaic Mukhayyat Mt. Nebo, I–nave II–presbytery First half 6th church 3 7 + + 6th church 6 3 + + + Palm Late 5th early 6th church 4 4 + + + Late 5th – early 6th chapel 3 3 4 2 + + Qam 6th chapel 4? 7 + St. George, Mukhayyat Mt. Nebo, north aisle 535/36 church 3 3 + Palm Suwayfiyah, Philadelphia, 6th chapel 3 6 + + + St. Stephen Umm Rasas 756 church 4 11 + + Acanthus leaf at bottom +peacocks Group V Palaestina Caesarea 6th mansion 5+ 4+ + Arabia Al-Khadir, Madaba 6th church 6 6 + + + Anastasius, Bostra 6th chapel 4 7 + Cathedral Chapel, chapel + + Gerasa Khirbat al-Kursi Philadelphia 6th chapel 5 6 + + + Four vases in corners Four acanthus leaves in corners (continued on next page) 132 chapter six
Table VI-2a. (Cont.) Mosaic Date century CE St George, S aisle, Gerasa Sts. Lot & Procopius, Mukhayyat, Mt. Nebo church 4+ 4+ + 557 church 4 6 + Unclear St. Paul, Umm al-Rasas Second half 6th church 4? 4+ Inhabited Acanthus scrolls Type of structure Composition Vine issuing from No. of column No. of rows Burnt Palace, Madaba 6th mansion 4 6 acanthus field Bishop Sergius, 587/88 church 4 10 acanthus Umm al-Rasas field Church of the Lions, 574 or 589 church 3 5+ acanthus Umm al-Rasas field Church of the Rivers, 579 or 594 church 4? 10? acanthus Umm al-Rasas field Priest John, Mukhayyat 565 chapel 3 5+ acanthus Mt. Nebo, Upper mosaic field St. George, Mukhayyat, 535/36 church 3 4 acanthus Mt. Nebo, nave field Phoenicia Jenah 6th. church 3 3 + Qabr Hiram 575 church 5 7 + Zaharani I 524 church 3 6 + Zaharani II 535 3 4 center Inhabited acanthus border Figures out of medallion Images filling space between scrolls Syria Haouarte South 484/6 church 4 5? + Haouarte North, apse 486/7 or 501/3 church Haouarte North, side 6th church 4 7 + Qum Hartaine, apse 5th-6th church 5 4 + Vase at bottom +peacocks/ animals Acanthus leaf at bottom +peacocks Four vases in corners Four acanthus leaves in corners the ‘inhabited scrolls’ mosaic pavements 133
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294 glossary
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Ψ ή φ ο ς ס פ י ס פ Ancie
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contents To my beloved granddaughte
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contents CONTENTS List of Color Pla
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contents C Pastoral and Rural Scene
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list of color plates xi LIST OF COL
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list of color plates xiii V.4 Nilom
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list of color plates xv Mt. Nebo; g
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list of color plates xvii Authority
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list of figures xix LIST OF FIGURES
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list of figures xxi Figure IV-15. D
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list of figures xxiii Figure VIII-5
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list of figures xxv LIST OF TABLES
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foreword xxvii FOREWORD התדיב
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One of the most significant and fru
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pavement at Caesarea the word is sp
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mosaic pavements adorning buildings
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Introduction: Jewish Figurative Art
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Figure II-3. Beth "Alpha synagogue:
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to the Sefer HaRazim Yahoweh reside
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ut all served as repositories for t
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pomegranates and cups (Hachlili 200
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open ark with scrolls is depicted,
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are rendered in non-identical symme
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pavements of Samarian synagogues an
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of two columns surmounting an arche
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A group of ancient synagogues disco
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the zodiac panel and its significan
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the bust of the season Nisan (Sprin
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The Summer attributes, the sickle a
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Table III-1. Comparative chart of t
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Figure III-12. Part of a stone ceil
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A Roman villa at Odos Triakosion in
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the four seasons, representing the
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iblical narrative themes and images
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Noah’s Ark biblical narrative the
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Jonah biblical narrative themes and
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Nilotic scenes are a recurrent them
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iconographic elements of nilotic sc
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I.1 Masada mosaic pavements: a. ant
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I.3 Jerusalem, Upper City, pavement
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II.1 Torah shrine panels on synagog
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II.3 Comparable shrines on Jordan m
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III.1 Hammath Tiberias synagogue zo
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III.3 Beth "Alpha synagogue zodiac
Page 143 and 144: III.5 Sun God on synagogue pavement
Page 145 and 146: III.7 Zodiac signs on synagogue pav
Page 147 and 148: III.9 Zodiac signs on synagogue pav
Page 149 and 150: III.11 The four seasons on synagogu
Page 151 and 152: IV.1 Binding of Isaac on synagogue
Page 153 and 154: IV.3 David-Orpheus on the Gaza syna
Page 155 and 156: IV.5 The Orpheus mosaic, Jerusalem.
Page 157 and 158: IV.7 Sepphoris synagogue, The Conse
Page 159 and 160: V.1 Nilotic scene at Beth Leontis,
Page 161 and 162: V.3 Nilotic scene at Sepphoris Nile
Page 163 and 164: eagle. Another Nilotic scene appear
Page 165 and 166: shown standing on the river bank as
Page 167 and 168: The depiction of a putto riding a c
Page 169 and 170: Table V.1. Nilotic Elements on Byza
Page 171 and 172: Nile Festival mosaic, with the addi
Page 173 and 174: The ‘inhabited scroll’ became o
Page 175 and 176: donkey. Lively animal chase scenes
Page 177 and 178: naturalistic in execution, and unli
Page 179 and 180: which contains objects flanked by s
Page 181 and 182: Figure VI-7. Group II: Jerusalem, t
Page 183 and 184: the outer ones; the second survivin
Page 185 and 186: Table VI-1a. Composition and Repert
Page 187 and 188: Group III consists of the mosaics e
Page 189 and 190: the ‘inhabited scrolls’ mosaic
Page 191 and 192: Figure VI-13. Beth She"an, Monaster
Page 193: Figure VI-15. Sede Nahum mosaic fra
Page 197 and 198: Table VI-2b. (Cont.) Mosaic Date ce
Page 199 and 200: In the south aisle of St. George ch
Page 201 and 202: four amphorae in the centre of the
Page 203 and 204: On Jordanian mosaics, in the acanth
Page 205 and 206: to have grapes of both styles (pl.
Page 207 and 208: ightly observes that the different
Page 209 and 210: grape harvesting, pastoral, and hun
Page 211 and 212: Rural activities and pastoral scene
Page 213 and 214: Table VII.1. Vintage scenes on vine
Page 215 and 216: Figures Treading Grapes and the Pre
Page 217 and 218: The forerunners for these vintage s
Page 219 and 220: Snake and Mongoose Confrontation Th
Page 221 and 222: Table VII.2. Animal chase and comba
Page 223 and 224: iconographic aspects of rural life
Page 225 and 226: scenes are found in the mid-5th- to
Page 227 and 228: Table VII.3. Big Game Hunting scene
Page 231 and 232: likewise surround the basin of the
Page 237 and 238: the cathedral at Madaba (Piccirillo
Page 239 and 240: 443, 455-6, 466) holds that this ty
Page 241 and 242: Personification is a common theme o
Page 243 and 244: Rivers of Paradise, but only two of
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irds, apparently created by the Fou
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in an intercolumnar space (Church o
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the seasons with deliberate differe
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personification of natural forces 1
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crook Spring’s attribute at the B
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personification of natural forces 1
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while in mosaics of the Greek East
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Moon, as the partner of Sun, is a b
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Animals in a repeated antithetic sy
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designs of symmetrical antithetic a
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(Ovadiah 1987: 105) and at the Naha
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a bear, a lion and a destroyed anim
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long-horned deer drinking from a sp
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iconoclasm on mosaic pavements of s
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A significant subject in ancient ar
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These compositions with division in
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frequent ornamentation of the synag
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(Ovadiah 1987: 68): A cross within
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Some scholars propose that depictio
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V.5 City representations: a. Beth L
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V.7 The sail boat: a. Beth Leontis,
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VI.1 Gaza synagogue pavement.
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VI.3 Jerusalem ‘Armenian’ churc
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VI.6-8 Petra Church: North Aisle mo
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VI.8
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VI.10 The church of the Deacon Thom
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VI.12 Amphorae depicted on inhabite
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VI.14 Bird of prey on inhabited vin
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VI.16 Baskets on inhabited vine scr
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VI.18 Vine leaves and bunches of gr
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VI.20 Subdued animals: a. Be’er S
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VII.2 Transporting grapes: a. El Ha
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VII.4 Flute player: a. Beth She’a
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VII.6 Snake and mongoose confrontat
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VII.8 Dog chasing hare/rabbit on ch
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Inhabited Vine Scrolls Pavements A
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similar in the general depiction of
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etween synagogue and church 233 Fig
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part are evidently connected: almos
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etween synagogue and church 237 Fig
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Mukhayyat (Bagatti 1949: 99, pl. 29
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time. They might have contained gen
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Artists, workshops and schools of m
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• The same artisans are mentioned
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1933: 146, No. 23, 8; 1934: 73 =198
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characteristically mixed origin of
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The Sepphoris Mosaicists The Seppho
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on horseback spearing a leopard wit
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Odysseus fighting the monster Scyll
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Figure XII-6. Hall A mosaic, Monast
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mosaicists, workshops, and the repe
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Dating The Monastery was dated by i
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connections with Egypt, and perhaps
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different themes based on comparabl
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esults were mosaics in the old Diak
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Jews toartists and craftsmen. Among
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epeated use was supplemented by fre
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of designs from general pattern boo
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concluding remarks, comments, and o
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list of sites 289 LIST OF SITES Sit
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Site Date Centuries CE Jordan (Arab
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VII.10 Jabaliyah Diakonikon mosaic
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VII.12 Hunter/soldier on foot with
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VII.14 Feline with cub: a. Gaza syn
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VII.16 Shepherd: a. Be’er Shem‘
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VII.18 Figure leading camel: a. Kis
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VII.20 Fishing: a. Beth Loya, two e
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VIII.2 Seasons: a. Caesarea: Spring
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VIII.4 Beth She’an monastery, Hal
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IX.2 Flanking birds: a. Beth Shean,
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IX.4 a. Huseifa, unidentical menoro
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X.2 Susiya synagogue: a. panel Tora
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X.4 Jabaliyah church, north aisle.
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XI.2 Crosses on mosaic pavements: a
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XI.4 Tabgha, Church of the Multipli
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XII.2
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XII.4 Beth Leontis, Beth She’an:
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XII.6 Similarities between animals:
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XII.8 Similarities between animals
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glossary 293 GLOSSARY Aedicula Ston
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list of sites 295 ABBREVIATIONS ACR
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Abel, F. M. 1924 Décourvertes réc
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1969 Antike Mosaiken in Kilikien, I
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2001 The Nilometer, in Measuting an
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The Art of Byzantium and the Mediev
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1995 The Activity of the Mosaicists
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1971 The Secret of the ‘En Gedi I
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