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51 Table J20: Estimated annual water demand statistics for Natal/KwaZulu (10 6 m 3 ) (continued). Primary drainage region 1980 1990 2000 2010 Total water demand for Natal/Kwazulu W 1 394 1 516 1664 1 850 V 561 668 800 992 U 1008 1 297 1628 2002 T 1 187 1 227 1 270 1 328 Total 4150 4708 5362 6172 Source: After Anonymous, 1986. Management of the Surface Water Resources of the Republic of South Africa, Department of Water Affairs, Pretoria, various pages. Note: (i) Data for primary drainage regions Wand T include areas outside Natal/KwaZulu. Table J21: (ii) There are currently (December 1993), no Government irrigation schemes - as components of formal Government water schemes - in Natal. Estimated annual water demand and surface runoff for South Africa and KwaZulu (10 6 m 3 ). Water use 1980 1990 2000 2010 South Kwalulu South KwaZulu South KwaZulu South KwaZulu Africa Africa Africa Africa Domestic 1040 35 1576 53 2236 78 3104 131 Public 59 0 88 0 126 0 168 2 Industrial 899 3 1293 5 1838 8 2680 16 Urban distribution losses . 202 1 299 1 410 1 554 2 Total of 2200 39 3256 59 4610 87 6506 151 municipal! industrial use Mining 394 0 433 0 493 0 545 0 Power 281 0 443 0 778 0 899 0 stations Irrigation 1 951 0 2329 22 2732 37 2900 52 (GWS)
52 Table J21: Estimated annual water demand and surface runoff for South Africa and KwaZulu 110 6 m 3 ) (continued). Water use 1980 1990 2000 2010 South KwaZulu South KwaZulu South KwaZulu South KwaZulu Africa Africa Africa Africa Irrigation 2168 0 2495 0 2884 0 3099 0 boards Irrigation 3320 229 3842 296 3944 371 4292 456 (private) Stock 186 8 202 9 218 10 236 12 watering Nature 176 2 180 2 185 2 189 2 conservation -Estuaries· 2033 35 2032 35 2032 35 2032 35 and lakes Forestry 1044 18 1 173 23 1300 32 1418 37 Other uses 39 0 39 0 39 0 39 0 Total 13792 331 16224 446 19215 574 22155 745 Surface runoff 34231 3584 34231 3584 34231 3584 34231 3584 Source: After Anonymous, 1986. Management of the Water Resources of the Republic of South Africa, Department of Water Affairs, Pretoria, various pages. Note: (it The abbreviation GWS refers to Government water schemes. There are currently (December 1993), no Government irrigation schemesas components of formal Government water schemes - in Natal. (ii) South Africa, as per Table J21, excludes the national states and the homelands.
Page 1:
A WATER RESOURCES AND SANITATION SY
Page 4 and 5: Contents 1 11111111111:1&11 CHAPTER
Page 7 and 8: lillllllllllll.'. Tables (continued
Page 9 and 10: 11111111];11,,11. 10.1 Introduction
Page 11 and 12: Table J2: Water budgets for Natal/K
Page 13 and 14: Table J4: Overall gradient distribu
Page 16 and 17: 13 111.IJJ1111111 (when runoff: rai
Page 18 and 19: Table J7: 15 Hi) A small part of Kw
Page 20 and 21: 17 1\11••111;[11. Table J7: App
Page 22 and 23: 19 TableJ8: Hydrological Research U
Page 24 and 25: 21 11111••111111111 TableJ9: Cr
Page 26 and 27: 23 Table J10: Areas. mean annual pr
Page 28 and 29: 25 1111III1I11,rllll Table J10: Are
Page 40: 37 Table J10: Areas. mean annual pr
Page 43 and 44: IlfllllllllllJJilll 40 Table J12: K
Page 45 and 46: 10.6 Runoff models 42 Models are no
Page 47: 111I111'llll1JII 10.9 The variabili
Page 52 and 53: 49 lil11l1tllll;lllll Table J20: Es
Page 56 and 57: 53 Table J22: Estimated annual wate
Page 58 and 59: 55 Ijlllltl1llflll (ii) Considerabl
Page 60 and 61: 57 large catchments data. The Centr
Page 62 and 63: 59 1111111111111' KwaDlangezwa, 283
Page 64 and 65: Other reports 61 Research Unit, Dep
Page 66 and 67: 63 1IIIIIE1111Elfl Id} The rest of
Page 68 and 69: 65 Table J24: Department of Water A
Page 82 and 83: 79 Table J24: Depanment of Water Af
Page 84 and 85: 81 Station closed Station closed U2
Page 86 and 87: 83 Station Drainage region Station
Page 88 and 89: 85 Table J25: Number of stations wi
Page 90 and 91: 87 iI11J111!!ltllllil equal share i
Page 92: 89 Source: liI After Anonymous, 198
Page 95: 111111111111111 92 boards (discusse
Page 98 and 99: Table J28: Some relevant data on se
Page 101 and 102: IDIIIIIDII':1111 98 (ii) The co-ord
Page 103 and 104: 100 the respective departments at P
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1IIIIIIJIII.i1 102 Table J31: Categ
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104 10.16.2 Environmental impacts o
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Table J32: 106 A simplified form of
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1111111111111 108 Table J33: Action
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110 There is a growing South Africa
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112 Attention has also been focused
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114 10.17 Some legal aspects of wat
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116 time (mean exceedance flow), du
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IIII.IIWIIIII 118 10.17.4 Use of wa
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1[lIlIIIIIIJ. 120 Government dams,
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10.18.4 River diversions 122 Depart
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124 10.18.6 Irrigation districts an
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111(11111:41m'l 126 Table J36: Irri
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Table J37: Irrigation boards in Nat
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Tabla J37: Irrigation boards In Nat
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133 Table J38: Some urban areas in
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135 Table J38: Some urban areas in
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Table J38: 137 Some urban areas in
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139 Source: (i) After Ardington, E.
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141 i111_1illll1l noted above!. are
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143 (ii) The Directorate of Land an
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145 1111111111111 the Board will as
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147 Table J40: Administrative regio
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149 111II1.llllIf:J Government Noti
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151 111I.lIllllil1 Government agenc
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153 Table J43: Joint Services Board
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156 Source: (i) After Jenkin, F. (e
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158 Chief Directorate: Administrati
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Source: See also: Note: 160 Afterth
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162 off low - responsible inter ali
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11111.'.111:11111 164 If it became
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tlll••••I:IB11 NOTES: 166
Page 171 and 172:
Contents 167 CHAPTER 11: GROUNDWATE
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Tables 169 Table K1: Some geologica
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174 Bate, 1992}*. The use of water
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176 X313, Pretoria, 0001; as well a
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179 a particular site, then a stati
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181 111...1[111 of streams and rive
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183 good. with a total dissolved so
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(iii) Holocene sands lQuaternary) 1
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187 Table K1: Some geological forma
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189 fault-bounded blocks, although
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191 11.6.4 Aquifer characteristics
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193 coarse and the latter, fine and
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195 111.BIII!I!111 The yields of bo
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11...,].11 198 11.7 Methods of grou
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201 11...11111 Table K3: Methods of
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203 boreholes are drilled for both
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205 1111111111'.1 3838. The borehol
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207 11.11 Standards applicable to t
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(a) Gravity springs 209 Gravity spr
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Table K4: Spring discharge in the V
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214 Table K5: The number of ephemer
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JJI...lllJll 218 (h) Some of the wa
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i'•••liDl Group E: Pure water
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222 Bond, Van Wyk proposed the foll
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1[11....11.,1 224 (b) Chlorides are
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226 Source: Edwards, T.J., 1989. Pe
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228 also obtainable from the Ground
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Ill1••lll1l 230 • Hofkes, EH.
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232 • Vegter, J.R., 1995. Groundw
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234 • Meyer, R. and Godfrey, l.,
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Springs 236 • Africa Co-operative
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NOTES: 238
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239 CHAPTER 12: WATER SUPPLY PLANNI
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12.1 Introduction 241 111'1&111111
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243 rilliltl.'ll water consumption
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Table L2: Cattle 245 study of reduc
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Note: (j) (ii) (iii) 247 Animal wat
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249 111111:llllltJI Source: After A
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1111111118.1 252 Table L4: Some per
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lillll.'.II' 254 high income. Iow d
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* 256 to obtain. Difficulties inclu
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1111...11 (iii) 258 Home Glasson Pa
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260 Table L6: Some typical domestic
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* ** 262 are in agreement with cons
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Table L7: Some South African indust
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Table L7: 267 Some South African In
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Table L7: 269 Some South African in
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Table L7: 271 Some South African In
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Note: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)
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276 concentrate on the provision of
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278 Table L8: RSA-KwaZulu Developme
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Table L9: 281 RSA-KwaZulu Developme
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Table L9: 283 RSA-KwaZulu Developme
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286 the Green book, namely, Anonymo
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IIIRlmlllillS 12.4.2 Durban Metro W
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291 design phase of projects. Any a
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294 Table L12: Some extant water wh
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11111111111911 296 • Energy Resea
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299 11111111111111 Table l13: Speci
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301 Table L13: Specific training ag
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304 Road and Umlazi (Durban); Pinet
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307 Table L14: A spatial typology o
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310 Table L15: A typology of social
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1111111..11 312 Table L15: A typolo
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315 114,[llll1\'1 Table L16: Some s
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317 Table L18: Mean household size
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319 Illil;JJtllllll Table L19: Exis
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321 Table L19: Existing housing del
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323 1IIIi!:lil.'11 a month, and a s
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NOTES: 325
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