an examination of the factor structure of the psychopathy checklist

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higher than White youth’s scores on the PCL:YV. Given this discrepancy in scores, the measurement of psychopathic traits using the PCL:YV among Aboriginal youth is uncertain. As such, future research should examine if the PCL:YV as a measure of assessing psychopathic traits is invariant across Aboriginal versus Non-aboriginal youth and, additionally, if the three-factor model is the best model for use with female youth offenders who have committed more serious violent offences such as homicide. Given that nearly two-thirds of violent offences committed were primarily reactive in nature, and that four-fifths contained at least some reactive qualities, emotional regulation services such as anger management should be used as they would likely be of the greatest benefit in preventing these youth from violently recidivating. In contrast, interventions aimed at reducing impulsive behaviours may be less effective among the smaller proportion of offenders in the current sample who are engaging in violence that is primarily premeditated, unemotional, and goal-driven. In such cases, a focus on alternative ways to achieve their goals and resolve conflict may be most effective. As such, an initial assessment to determine the motivation for the offenders’ violent offences may prove useful in selecting the most appropriate course or method of intervention. This research has provided us with a greater understanding of not only the prominent personality features among female youth with psychopathic traits but also the dynamics and motivations of female youth violence. Considering the enormous costs that psychopaths create in terms of the crimes they perpetrate and their immediate and residual effects on victims and members of society as a whole, the current study’s examination of severe personality characteristics and violence within an arguably still 81
malleable youth sample may facilitate the development of treatment programs aimed at targeting violence among female young offenders. It is hoped that the results from this study will provide some direction for the use of the PCL:YV with female youth and for future research among this notably understudied population. 82
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AN EXAMINATION OF THE FACTOR STRUCT
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Preface Ethics approval for this re
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3 Results .........................
Page 7 and 8:
List of Tables Table 1 Confirmatory
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Acknowledgements I owe my deepest g
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To my family and friends, Thank you
Page 13 and 14:
among female youth populations, the
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Third, it has been suggested that t
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only a small proportion of conduct-
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irresponsible, and antisocial tende
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A long line of research has demonst
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females. When a model is considered
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to do with whether the measure is w
Page 27 and 28:
Understanding the factor structure
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(Leschied et al., 2001; Moretti, Ca
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psychopathic offenders were signifi
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instrumental aggression. However, w
Page 35 and 36:
Given the relationships between the
Page 37 and 38:
associated with self-report will be
Page 39 and 40:
1.4.1 Hypotheses The current thesis
Page 41 and 42: ecords, school records, medical rec
Page 43 and 44: 2.2.3 Instrumental-Reactive Coding
Page 45 and 46: eceiving services from YFPS. Althou
Page 47 and 48: 3 Results 3.1 Coding Reliability In
Page 49 and 50: This was followed by acquaintance v
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2. Percentage of cases by se
Page 53 and 54: index that adjusts for model comple
Page 55 and 56: Item 1 Item 2 Item 4 Item 5 Item 6
Page 57 and 58: (1-19), 38.7% scored in the moderat
Page 59 and 60: offences, 28.6% were for revenge or
Page 61 and 62: association between the dichotomous
Page 63 and 64: from the original dataset. In other
Page 65 and 66: in instrumental aggression was acco
Page 67 and 68: etween the dichotomous psychopathy
Page 69 and 70: psychopath based on a cut score of
Page 71 and 72: the three-factor model was unable t
Page 73 and 74: sample since violent offenders are
Page 75 and 76: who also concluded that antisocial
Page 77 and 78: they are less likely to use reactiv
Page 79 and 80: more strongly related to instrument
Page 81 and 82: Pickard, 2007; Barry, Pickard, & An
Page 83 and 84: measure of psychopathy may be limit
Page 85 and 86: Further, based on the relatively lo
Page 87 and 88: score. Although this is a valid mea
Page 89 and 90: Having access to a large sample, we
Page 91: demonstrated, the utility of differ
Page 95 and 96: Berkowitz, L. (1993). Aggression: I
Page 97 and 98: Gender differences in mental health
Page 99 and 100: Edens, J. F., Skeem, J. L., Cruise,
Page 101 and 102: Frick, P. J., Cornell, A. H., Barry
Page 103 and 104: Hare, R. D., & Neumann, C. S. (2006
Page 105 and 106: Jones, S., Cauffman, E., Miller, J.
Page 107 and 108: Lynam, D. R. (1996). Early identifi
Page 109 and 110: Murrie, D. C., Cornell, D. G., Kapl
Page 111 and 112: of the official and self-reported h
Page 113 and 114: Salekin, R. T., Rogers, R., & Sewel
Page 115 and 116: Stockdale, K. C., Olver, M. E., Won
Page 117 and 118: Vitale, J. E., & Newman, J. P. (200
Page 119 and 120: Xie, H., Cairns, R. B., & Cairns, B
Page 121 and 122: Appendix B: Factor Models Table A1
Page 123 and 124: 112
Page 125 and 126: Appendix E: Coding Scheme and Guide
Page 127 and 128: PART A: OFFENCE CHARACTERISTICS AND
Page 129 and 130: PART C: WOODWORTH & PORTER`S INSTRU
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