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an examination of the factor structure of the psychopathy checklist

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nonparametric chi-square revealed that <strong>the</strong>re was a signific<strong>an</strong>t difference in <strong>the</strong><br />

frequency <strong>of</strong> primarily reactive <strong>an</strong>d primarily instrumental <strong>of</strong>fenses, χ 2 (1, N = 122) =<br />

8.39, p = .004.<br />

Figure 4. Percentage <strong>of</strong> cases by categorical instrumentality variable.<br />

Offenses containing at least some instrumentality were also coded for <strong>the</strong>ir primary<br />

motivation. Among violent index <strong>of</strong>fences, 39.7% were for revenge or retribution, 30.9%<br />

were for monetary gain, 5.9% were due to jealousy over a male, <strong>an</strong>d <strong>an</strong> additional 5.9%<br />

were to obtain drugs or alcohol. Motives that did not clearly fit into one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se<br />

categories were coded as o<strong>the</strong>r. This designation was used in 17.6% <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fenses <strong>an</strong>d<br />

included motives such as to become a member <strong>of</strong> a g<strong>an</strong>g or to gain entry into a former<br />

residence to obtain one’s own belongings (see Figure 5). Among violent historical<br />

47

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