an examination of the factor structure of the psychopathy checklist

(1-19), 38.7% scored in the moderate range (20-29), and 7.0% scored in the high range
(30-40).
Table 2
Means, standard deviations, and correlation between the PCL:YV and ARF.
Variables 1. 2.
1. PCL:YV --- ---
2. ARF .09 ---
M 18.83 13.48
SD 7.04 5.32
Note. * p ≤ .05.
3.3.3.2 Instrumentality. The continuous instrumentality variable was coded for
130 offenders. Scores ranged from 5 to 25. Table 2 displays the ARF’s mean, standard
deviation and its correlation with the PCL:YV.
The categorical instrumentality variable was assessed for 122 violent index
offences and 54 violent historical offences. Of the 122 index offenses, 44.3% were
purely reactive, 18.9% were reactive/instrumental, 19.7% were instrumental/reactive,
and 17.2% were purely instrumental (see Figure 4). Of the 54 historical offences, 48.1%
were purely reactive, 22.2% were reactive/instrumental, 18.5% were
instrumental/reactive, and 11.1% were purely instrumental.
Two additional dichotomous instrumentality variables were created for the index
offence variable by collapsing the purely reactive and reactive/instrumental categories
to create a primarily reactive category and by collapsing the purely instrumental and
instrumental/reactive category to form a primarily instrumental category: 63.1% were
considered primarily reactive, whereas 36.9% were primarily instrumental offenses. A
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