Grammatica - loco
Grammatica - loco Grammatica - loco
1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 12111 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41111 likeur liqueur een likeurtje a glass of liqueur muziek music een muziekje a piece of music snoep confectionery een snoepje a sweet worst sausage een worstje a sausage These endings can have other connotations, however: een lekker wijntje ‘a very nice (little) wine’ (not a glass of wine) (e) A few nouns exist only as diminutives: meisje girl (derived from meid) lachertje laughable suggestion, situation etc. dubbeltje 10 cents (pre-euro currency) kwartje 25 cents (pre-euro currency) op het nippertje in the nick of time The names of children’s games often contain a diminutive: krijgertje spelen to play tag verstoppertje spelen to play hide and seek touwtje springen to skip vadertje en moedertje spelen to play mummies and daddies (f) Occasionally the diminutive can give a derogatory connotation to a noun: een burgermannetje a petit bourgeois een raar taaltje a strange lingo een boertje van buten29 a yokel 7.5.3 Diminutives of other parts of speech It is possible for words other than nouns to take a diminutive ending, thereby giving a new connotation to the words concerned or even a completely new meaning. 29 Buten is a dialectal form of buiten and adds to the yokel flavour of the expression by being used instead of the standard form. Diminutives 63
7 Nouns 64 7.5.3.1 Adverbs are the most notable example of words other than nouns that have this potential; the ending used is -jes (with phonetic variants -tjes and -pjes). Its function is one of toning down the intensity of meaning. In the spoken language it is still somewhat productive (see 10.7.2): eventjes just a minute stilletjes quietly, secretively gezelligjes cosily stiekempjes secretively knusjes cosily strakjes in a moment losjes loosely warmpjes warmly netjes neatly zachtjes quietly, softly Het is hier erg knusjes, hè? It is very cosy here, isn’t it? Wat is het hier frisjes! It’s a bit on the cold side here. Wij zitten er warmpjes bij. (fig.) We’re well-off. 7.5.3.2 A limited number of adjectives can take a diminutive ending and thus function as nouns (see 9.6.1). Such forms more often than not refer to people, e.g.: een dom blondje ‘a dumb blond’, mijn grootje ‘my granny’, de kleintjes ‘the little ones (children or things)’, een nieuwtje ‘a piece of news’, de oudjes ‘the oldies/old people’ 7.5.3.3 Numerals can also take the ending in certain expressions; ‘on my/your/his own’ etc. is always in m’n/je/z’n eentje. A more familiar form of met z’n tweeën/drieën etc. is met z’n tweetjes/drietjes etc. (see 10.7.2). Also: Geef me (er) nog eentje ‘Give me another one’.
- Page 27 and 28: 2 Spelling 12 doet het, hè? ‘You
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- Page 37 and 38: 3 Punctuation 22 The following subt
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- Page 41 and 42: 5 Articles 26 (b) It is commonly om
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7<br />
Nouns<br />
64<br />
7.5.3.1<br />
Adverbs are the most notable example of words other than nouns that<br />
have this potential; the ending used is -jes (with phonetic variants -tjes<br />
and -pjes). Its function is one of toning down the intensity of meaning. In<br />
the spoken language it is still somewhat productive (see 10.7.2):<br />
eventjes just a minute stilletjes quietly, secretively<br />
gezelligjes cosily stiekempjes secretively<br />
knusjes cosily strakjes in a moment<br />
losjes loosely warmpjes warmly<br />
netjes neatly zachtjes quietly, softly<br />
Het is hier erg knusjes, hè?<br />
It is very cosy here, isn’t it?<br />
Wat is het hier frisjes!<br />
It’s a bit on the cold side here.<br />
Wij zitten er warmpjes bij. (fig.)<br />
We’re well-off.<br />
7.5.3.2<br />
A limited number of adjectives can take a diminutive ending and thus<br />
function as nouns (see 9.6.1). Such forms more often than not refer to<br />
people, e.g.:<br />
een dom blondje ‘a dumb blond’, mijn grootje ‘my granny’,<br />
de kleintjes ‘the little ones (children or things)’, een nieuwtje<br />
‘a piece of news’, de oudjes ‘the oldies/old people’<br />
7.5.3.3<br />
Numerals can also take the ending in certain expressions; ‘on my/your/his<br />
own’ etc. is always in m’n/je/z’n eentje. A more familiar form of met z’n<br />
tweeën/drieën etc. is met z’n tweetjes/drietjes etc. (see 10.7.2). Also: Geef<br />
me (er) nog eentje ‘Give me another one’.