Grammatica - loco

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7.2.2.7
Nouns ending in -e cause difficulty: there are those that always
take -s (see -s plurals, 7.2.1.5) and there are those that can take
either -n or -s
seconde ‘second’ – seconden/secondes, echtgenote ‘female
spouse’ – echtgenoten/echtgenotes
This is particularly the case for nouns formed from adjectives by the addition
of -te:
ziekte ‘sickness, disease’ – ziekten/ziektes, hoogte ‘height’ –
hoogten/hoogtes, vlakte ‘plain’ – vlakten/vlaktes, type ‘type’ –
typen/types
7.2.2.8
Many Dutch nouns that originally ended in -de in the singular
(and still do in formal style) add -n to the -de in the plural
bladzij(de) ‘page’ – bladzijden, la(de) ‘drawer’ – laden,
tree/trede ‘step’ – treden (also trees or treeën)
7.2.2.9
The nouns koe ‘cow’ and vlo ‘flea’ insert an -i- before -en
koeien, vlooien (colloquially one also hears vlooi in the singular)
7.2.2.10
Nouns (usually abstracts) ending in -heid form their plural
in -heden
gelegenheid ‘opportunity’ gelegenheden, moeilijkheid ‘difficulty’
– moeilijkheden, schoonheid ‘beauty’ – schoonheden
7.2.3
-eren Plurals
There is a small group of neuter nouns that preserve an old plural ending
in -eren (compare Eng. children):
been bone beenderen 17
blad leaf bladeren 18
17 Been ‘leg’ goes benen.
18 Blad ‘leaf of a book/magazine’ goes bladen, e.g. dagbladen ‘daily newspapers’.
Plural of
nouns
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