Grammatica - loco

1111
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1011
1
12111
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
20111
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
30111
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
40
41111
NEUTER NOUN A het noun, i.e. not a common gender noun. (See ‘common
gender’.)
NOMINAL Pertaining to nouns, e.g. in the following sentence rode is said
to be used nominally, i.e. as a noun: Ik heb een rode ‘I have a red one’.
NOMINATIVE (CASE) The case in which the subject of a clause stands.
NOUN A word denoting a person, place or thing.
OBJECT See ‘direct object’ and ‘indirect object’.
OPEN SYLLABLE An open syllable is one that ends in a vowel, e.g. maan
(closed) but ma-nen (first syllable open and second syllable closed).
The n after ma is seen as belonging to the next syllable in Dutch despite
the fact that the plural manen is derived from the singular maan ‘moon’.
(See ‘syllabification’.)
ORDINAL NUMBER/NUMERAL Numerals that indicate order, e.g. ‘first’,
‘second’, ‘third’, etc.
PARTITIVE This refers to one of the functions of er, i.e. that which is
used in combination with numerals and quantities, e.g. Ik heb er tien
gezien ‘I saw ten of them’, Ik heb er maar een kwart gebruikt ‘I only
used a quarter (of them/it)’, where er refers to part of a greater whole.
PARTS OF SPEECH The name given to the following grammatical concepts
which together constitute the vocabulary of a language: noun, pronoun,
verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, preposition.
INTERJECTION That part of speech which comprises words which
constitute utterances or clauses in themselves, e.g. ‘tut-tut’, ‘ouch’.
PASSIVE (VOICE) See ‘active’.
PAST PARTICIPLE That part of a verb, derived from the infinitive, which
is used to form the past (perfect) tense of that verb but which may also
be used as an adjective, e.g. Hij heeft het huis geverfd ‘He’s painted
the house’, het geverfde huis ‘the painted house’.
PENULTIMATE SYLLABLE The second last syllable.
PERFECT TENSE The perfect tense in Dutch is a compound tense, i.e. one
formed from more than one word, where the finite verb is a form of
the verb hebben or zijn plus a past participle, e.g. Hij heeft een brief
geschreven, Hij is naar huis gegaan.
PERIPHRASTIC FORM Denoting a construction of two or more words which
in other forms is expressed by inflectional modification of a single
word, e.g. ‘the son of Piet > Piet’s son’, zou hebben > had.
PERSONAL PRONOUN Any one of the pronouns which indicate grammatical
person, e.g. ‘I, you, he, she, it, we they, me, him, her, us, them’.
PHRASE A sequence of two or more words arranged in a grammatical
construction and acting as a unit in a sentence, e.g. ‘this morning’,
‘over there’.
Glossary of
grammatical
terms
423