Grammatica - loco

Grammatica - loco Grammatica - loco

04.05.2013 Views

1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 12111 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41111 The words euro and cent, as well as the names of all other currencies, are not pluralized when they are used in prices, e.g. Dat kost tien cent/euro/ dollar/pond/roebel. Exception: één kroon ‘one crown’ > vijf kronen ‘five crowns’. Euro’s is only used in the plural when referring to a collection of one euro coins, e.g. Heeft u voor mij tien losse euro’s, alstublieft? (handing over a €10 note). Centen refers to several 1 cent coins. For a long time to come there will be pre-euro literature in circulation so it is worth knowing about the system as it was. The old Dutch coins all had names (compare the use of ‘nickel’, ‘dime’ and ‘quarter’ in the USA) which you are likely to meet in books. Both the amounts and the coins themselves were referred to as een stuiver (5 cent), een dubbeltje (10 cent), een kwartje (25 cent) and een rijksdaalder (twee gulden vijftig) and ten guilders was called een tientje. The symbol the Dutch used for a guilder was f, which is an abbreviation of florijn, a currency unit which was used long ago. It would seem that in the Dutch of some speakers, but not by any means all, the terms stuiver and dubbeltje are currently being applied to both the euro coins and amounts of five and ten cents. The term kwartje does not seem to have totally disappeared either, but is less common than the other two terms, presumably because there is no longer a 25 cent coin. Tientje may also still be heard with reference to both the note and the sum of ten euros. The word ton is used colloquially to refer to €100,000, e.g. Hij verdient twee ton ‘He earns €200,000’. Note the way earnings are expressed: Hij verdient €950,- in de maand (per maand)/in de week (per week). He earns €950 a month/a week. It is the custom in Holland to round prices up and down (prijzen worden naar boven/beneden afgerond), given the low value of the one and two cent coins, thus €2,97 becomes €2,95 and €2,98 becomes €3,00. This was also the case with guilder prices after the abolition of the one cent coin in 1980. 14.8 Time Hoe laat is het? What is the time? Het is één uur. It is one o’clock. Time 357

14 Numerals 358 Het is vijf over een. 18 It is five past one. Het is kwart over één. It is a quarter past one. Het is tien voor half twee. 19 It is twenty past one. Het is vijf voor half twee. 19 It is twenty-five past one. Het is half twee. 20 It is half past one. Het is vijf over half twee. 19 It is twenty-five to two. Het is tien over half twee. 19 It is twenty to two. Het is kwart voor twee. It is a quarter to two. Het is tien voor twee. It is ten to two. 14.8.1 14.8.1.1 Notes Expressions of time om acht uur at eight o’clock om acht uur precies at exactly eight o’clock stipt om acht uur at exactly eight o’clock klokslag acht uur at exactly eight o’clock om een uur of acht at about eight omstreeks acht uur at about eight rond acht uur at about eight tegen acht (uur) at about eight kort na acht (uur) shortly after eight 14.8.1.2 There are also a number of expressions which add an -en ending to the numeral. They are frequently heard but can be avoided by using the alternatives given above: 18 Regionally na is used instead of over in telling the time. 19 It is also possible to say twintig/vijfentwintig over één and twintig/vijfentwintig voor twee, as in English. 20 Half twee, half drie etc. are often also written as halftwee, halfdrie.

14<br />

Numerals<br />

358<br />

Het is vijf over een. 18 It is five past one.<br />

Het is kwart over één. It is a quarter past one.<br />

Het is tien voor half twee. 19 It is twenty past one.<br />

Het is vijf voor half twee. 19 It is twenty-five past one.<br />

Het is half twee. 20 It is half past one.<br />

Het is vijf over half twee. 19 It is twenty-five to two.<br />

Het is tien over half twee. 19 It is twenty to two.<br />

Het is kwart voor twee. It is a quarter to two.<br />

Het is tien voor twee. It is ten to two.<br />

14.8.1<br />

14.8.1.1<br />

Notes<br />

Expressions of time<br />

om acht uur at eight o’clock<br />

om acht uur precies at exactly eight o’clock<br />

stipt om acht uur at exactly eight o’clock<br />

klokslag acht uur at exactly eight o’clock<br />

om een uur of acht at about eight<br />

omstreeks acht uur at about eight<br />

rond acht uur at about eight<br />

tegen acht (uur) at about eight<br />

kort na acht (uur) shortly after eight<br />

14.8.1.2<br />

There are also a number of expressions which add an -en ending to the<br />

numeral. They are frequently heard but can be avoided by using the<br />

alternatives given above:<br />

18 Regionally na is used instead of over in telling the time.<br />

19 It is also possible to say twintig/vijfentwintig over één and twintig/vijfentwintig<br />

voor twee, as in English.<br />

20 Half twee, half drie etc. are often also written as halftwee, halfdrie.

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