Grammatica - loco

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meaning 2: You mustn’t help your father. (i.e. I advise you not
to/forbid you to)
Similarly in Dutch a different verb is used to negate the former:
meaning 1: Je hoeft je vader niet te helpen.
meaning 2: Je moet je vader niet helpen.
Hoeven (hoefde/hoefden/gehoeven) is a semi-modal verb. Firstly, it
replaces moeten in the above sense and it can be used independently
like moeten, e.g. Dat hoeft niet ‘That’s not necessary’, Dat had niet
gehoeven ‘That wasn’t neccessary’. But there are cases when hoeven
must be followed by te (an unmodal trait) and others where one has
the option, i.e. te is always used in the present and imperfect tenses
(see the example above) but may be omitted in compound tenses
where double infinitive constructions occur, for example:
Dat zul je nooit hoeven (te) doen.
You’ll never have to do that.
Dat heeft hij nooit hoeven (te) doen.
He’s never needed to do that.
Note the following use of hoeven with the conjunction zonder dat/te
(see 12.5.1.4 for the distinction) where a negative is merely implied;
moeten is possible here too:
Je kon daar naar binnen gaan zonder dat je hoefde te
wachten.
You could enter without having to wait. (= you didn’t have to wait)
(b) ‘Should, ought to’ are expressed by moeten in Dutch (see also
mogen, 11.8.3.1.4). Although the contracted conditional form
moest(en) (see 11.8.3.1.2) is often used in this sense, the present
tense is also very common and is certainly simpler:
Je moet (moest) vaker schrijven.
You should write more often.
Dat moet (moest) verboden worden.
That should be forbidden.
Note that ‘should’ which means ‘would’ (common in the UK but not
elswhere in the English-speaking world) is expressed by zou/zouden:
Ik zou het doen als ik jou was.
I should do it, if I were you.
Modal
auxiliary
verbs
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