Grammatica - loco

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De wond is genezen. The wound has healed.
De dokter heeft me genezen. The doctor (has) cured me.
De kip is ontdooid. The chicken has defrosted.
Ik heb de kip ontdooid. I have defrosted the chicken.
Het weer is veranderd. The weather has changed.
Ik heb het veranderd. I altered it.
It should be noted that when such verbs are used intransitively in
Dutch, they are conjugated with zijn and the past participles can be
indistinguishable from predicative adjectives:
De stoel is gebroken.
The chair has broken/The chair is broken.
(also The chair has been broken, see 11.12.4.1)
Note that with a verb like ontdooien ‘to defrost’, when an object is
involved you have the choice of saying Ik heb de kip ontdooid (for
example in a microwave) or Ik heb de kip laten ontdooien (see
11.18.2) where the defrosting has been allowed to occur naturally.
(d) The verbs dealt with here can be conjugated with zijn or hebben but
the criteria for their use are separate in each case:
vergeten ‘to forget’: with hebben the meaning is ‘did not think of
something’, ‘neglected to do something’ or ‘left something behind’:
Ik heb vergeten te schrijven.
I forgot to write.
Ik heb mijn paraplu vergeten.
I’ve forgotten my umbrella
With zijn the meaning is ‘has gone from one’s memory’:
Ik ben glad vergeten waar ik het gelaten heb.
I have completely forgotten where I left it.
Ik ben je naam vergeten.
I have forgotten your name.
In practice most Dutch speakers use zijn in all cases as even they
find the distinction too subtle to remember.
verleren ‘to forget something learnt’: this verb can be conjugated
with hebben or zijn with no difference in meaning:
Ik heb/ben het Frans geheel verleerd.
I have totally forgotten French.
Zijn
‘to be’
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