Grammatica - loco

11
Verbs
178
Examples: beloven ‘to promise’ – beloofd, erkennen ‘to recognize’ –
erkend, geloven ‘to believe’ – geloofd, herhalen ‘to repeat’ –
herhaald, ontmoeten ‘to meet’ – ontmoet, vertalen ‘to translate’ –
vertaald.
(d) Past participles of weak verbs can be used as adjectives, as in
English, and are inflected as normal adjectives, e.g. het vertaalde
boek ‘the translated book’ (< vertaald < vertalen ‘to translate’), de
gehate man ‘the hated man’ (< gehaat < haten ‘to hate’).
11.1.3.2
Strong verbs
(a) The past participle of strong verbs is formed by the prefixing of ge- to
a root that may or may not have the same vowel as the stem of the
imperfect (depending on the ablaut series), and the suffixing of -en.
The past participles of those verbs given in 11.1.2.2, for example, are
as follows:
1 schrijven geschreven
2 schieten geschoten
buigen gebogen
wegen gewogen
3 drinken gedronken
4 nemen genomen
5 eten gegeten
zitten gezeten
6 dragen gedragen
7 hangen gehangen
slapen geslapen
(b) As with weak verbs, the past participle of strong verbs in
conjunction with an auxiliary verb (either hebben or zijn) is
invariable.
(c) As with weak verbs, there are also strong verbs with the unstressed
prefixes be-, er-, ge-, her-, ont- and ver-. Such verbs simply add no
ge- but otherwise behave as strong verbs in the perfect:
verdrinken ‘to drown’ verdronken (derived from drinken)
bewegen ‘to move’ bewogen (derived from wegen)
ontvangen ‘to receive’ ontvangen (derived from vangen)