Grammatica - loco

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1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 12111 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41111 10.3.21.8 ‘In a moment’ as in ‘I’ll do it in a moment’ zo meteen straks16 dadelijk zo direct 10.3.21.9 ‘Just’ just net pas 17 10.3.21.10 ‘Soon’ zojuist 18 soon gauw soon, quickly spoedig soon afterwards kort daarna soon, shortly binnenkort, straks sooner vroeger sooner or later vroeger of later, vroeg of laat op een gegeven ogenblik/moment as soon as possible zo gauw mogelijk 19 Note: I’ll do it soon (see ‘in a moment’ 10.3.21.8). 16 Straks can refer to both the near future and the very recent past: Tot straks! See you in a little while/later. Ik heb je horloge straks op je bed zien liggen. I saw your watch lying on your bed a moment ago. 17 Pas also means ‘only’ and ‘not until’ (see 14.6). 18 Despite appearances juist ‘correct’ does not usually mean ‘just’ in the temporal sense, only zojuist does. 19 All expressions of this type, i.e. ‘as (adj./adv.) as possible’ take the form zo + adj./adv. + mogelijk where the second ‘as’ is not translated: zo laat/groot/dik mogelijk ‘as late/large/fat as possible’. Adverbs of time 153
10 Adverbs 154 10.3.21.11 ‘Then’ then dan then (verb in past tense) toen then, at that time destijds toentertijd indertijd then, after that, next vervolgens Note: Dan can occur in sentences in both the past and present tenses: Ze waren van plan (om) elkaar in de stad te ontmoeten. Ze wilden dan . . . They intended meeting each other in town. They then wanted to . . . Here the verb is in the past but the action is not. It did not occur. Compare: Ze hebben elkaar in de stad ontmoet. Toen gingen ze . . . They met in town. Then they . . . Toen refers to one occasion. The word altijd (repeated occasions) necessitates the use of dan in the following sentence, even if the verb is in the past: Ik keek altijd eerst naar het nieuws en dan (= vervolgens) las ik de krant. I would always watch the news and then read the paper. Compare the use of wanneer when the verb is in the past (see 12.2.1.6). 10.3.21.12 ‘Time’ at the same time tegelijk tegelijkertijd terzelfdertijd some time ago een tijd(je) geleden a little while/moment ago straks (see footnote 16) a little while een tijdje een poosje eventjes
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1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 Content
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1 Pronunciation 2 being confused wh
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1 Pronunciation 4 the more common t
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1 Pronunciation 6 their zachte gee,
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8 Chapter 2 Spelling Spelling As wi
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2 Spelling 10 August 1996, dictated
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2 Spelling 12 doet het, hè? ‘You
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2 Spelling 14 7.2.1.4. In the follo
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2 Spelling 16 Under the spelling ru
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2 Spelling 18 2.9 The alphabet The
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20 Generally speaking Dutch punctua
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3 Punctuation 22 The following subt
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4 Cases 24 blootshoofds bare-headed
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5 Articles 26 (b) It is commonly om
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5 Articles 28 Hij is de nieuwe Comm
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5 Articles 30 (d) It is always used
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32 Chapter 6 Demonstratives Aanwijz
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34 Chapter 7 Nouns Zelfstandige naa
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7 Nouns 36 7.1.1.9 Words ending in
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7 Nouns 38 7.1.2 7.1.2.1 Neuter nou
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7 Nouns 40 7.1.2.11 Adjectives endi
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7 Nouns 42 7.1.4 Nouns with two gen
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7 Nouns 44 formation is always to a
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7 Nouns 46 7.2.1.6 Foreign (usually
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7 Nouns Exceptions: nouns of Greek
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7 Nouns 50 7.2.2.3 There is a small
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7 Nouns 52 ei egg eieren gelid join
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7 Nouns The Netherlands Nederland t
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7 Nouns 56 7.3.6 -ster (a) Nouns de
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7 Nouns 58 7.5.1.2 -tje (a) Words c
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7 Nouns 60 7.5.1.5 -kje Nouns endin
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7 Nouns 62 scheermes razor scheerme
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7 Nouns 64 7.5.3.1 Adverbs are the
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66 Chapter 8 Pronouns Voornaamworde
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8 Pronouns 68 (b) The unemphatic fo
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8 Pronouns 70 8.1.2 8.1.2.1 Remarks
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8 Pronouns 72 distinguish singular
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8 Pronouns 74 Doe de deur dicht! Ne
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8 Pronouns 76 Je moet de oostkust b
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8 Pronouns 78 Ik weet het wel. Ik w
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8 Pronouns 80 She gave him the book
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8 Pronouns Masculine antecedents us
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8 Pronouns 84 8.4 8.4.1 Demonstrati
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8 Pronouns 86 8.5 8.5.1 Relative pr
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8 Pronouns 88 In this case the prep
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8 Pronouns 90 8.5.6 ‘Whose’ 1 2
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8 Pronouns 92 8.5.8 Independent rel
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8 Pronouns 94 Alle bomen die in dit
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8 Pronouns 96 Dit is een ‘must’
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8 Pronouns 98 sommige(n) some ander
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8 Pronouns 100 Ik heb ze allebei in
Page 117 and 118: 8 Pronouns 102 8.6.9 Pronominal use
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Page 123 and 124: 9 Adjectives 108 zaakgelastigde ‘
Page 125 and 126: 9 Adjectives 110 2.8), Parijs - Par
Page 127 and 128: 9 Adjectives 112 9.2.2 Inflection o
Page 129 and 130: 9 Adjectives 114 (am)’. It is tha
Page 131 and 132: 9 Adjectives 116 Here hoogst and ui
Page 133 and 134: 9 Adjectives 118 Note that Dutch vo
Page 135 and 136: 9 Adjectives 120 * getrouwd met mar
Page 137 and 138: 9 Adjectives 122 * verwonderd over
Page 139 and 140: 9 Adjectives 124 ‘greenish’. Th
Page 141 and 142: 9 Adjectives 126 -vormig correspond
Page 143 and 144: 9 Adjectives 128 haarscherp very sh
Page 145 and 146: 9 Adjectives Licht- and donker- pre
Page 147 and 148: 9 Adjectives 132 there is also the
Page 149 and 150: 10 Adverbs 134 are basically as for
Page 151 and 152: 10 Adverbs 10.1.2.2 Minder/minst
Page 153 and 154: 10 Adverbs 138 Hartstikke, although
Page 155 and 156: 10 Adverbs 140 The only exceptions
Page 157 and 158: 10 Adverbs 142 A stylistic variant
Page 159 and 160: 10 Adverbs 144 Sunday week zondag o
Page 161 and 162: 10 Adverbs 146 10.3.13 Now now nu (
Page 163 and 164: 10 Adverbs 148 all week (long) de (
Page 165 and 166: 10 Adverbs 150 not yet nog niet sti
Page 167: 10 Adverbs 152 10.3.21.4 ‘Before
Page 171 and 172: 10 Adverbs 156 hiervandaan, van hie
Page 173 and 174: 10 Adverbs 158 10.4.1 Indefinite ad
Page 175 and 176: 10 Adverbs 160 10.7 10.7.1 Formatio
Page 177 and 178: 10 Adverbs 162 10.7.7 -waarts Compa
Page 179 and 180: 10 Adverbs 164 Ik ben even gaan kij
Page 181 and 182: 10 Adverbs 166 Je kent onze pastoor
Page 183 and 184: 10 Adverbs 168 Hoor is very frequen
Page 185 and 186: 11 Verbs 170 stole), hij heeft gest
Page 187 and 188: 11 Verbs 172 hij gelooft hij reist
Page 189 and 190: 11 Verbs 174 Those stems that end i
Page 191 and 192: 11 Verbs 176 One should learn both
Page 193 and 194: 11 Verbs 178 Examples: beloven ‘t
Page 195 and 196: 11 Verbs 180 Purists have a prefere
Page 197 and 198: 11 Verbs 182 Zij zullen het mij heb
Page 199 and 200: 11 Verbs 184 Although it is not com
Page 201 and 202: 11 Verbs 186 Onze hond is net doodg
Page 203 and 204: 11 Verbs 188 11.2.4 11.2.4.1 Pluper
Page 205 and 206: 11 Verbs 190 Als hij vroeger harder
Page 207 and 208: 11 Verbs 192 dragen VI drijven I dr
Page 209 and 210: 11 Verbs 194 verdelgen III verdriet
Page 211 and 212: 11 Verbs 196 kijken keek keken geke
Page 213 and 214: 11 Verbs 198 zuipen zoop zopen gezo
Page 215 and 216: 11 Verbs 200 verzwelgen verzwolg ve
Page 217 and 218: 11 Verbs 202 archaic: vraagde vraag
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11 Verbs 204 Jagen and waaien also
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11 Verbs 206 11.4.3 Jagen ‘to hun
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11 Verbs 208 Imperfect tense ik had
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11 Verbs There is an adjective form
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11 Verbs 212 It is impossible to gi
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11 Verbs 214 stikken to suffocate s
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11 Verbs 216 lopen ‘to run’ Hij
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11 Verbs 218 verliezen ‘to lose
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11 Verbs 220 11.8.1 11.8.1.1 Presen
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11 Verbs 222 11.8.2 Perfect tenses
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11 Verbs 224 11.8.3.1.4 mogen There
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11 Verbs 226 Dat kan wel waar zijn
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11 Verbs 228 (c) In formal style th
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11 Verbs 230 Note also the idiom Ho
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11 Verbs 232 11.9.2.2 It is never u
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11 Verbs 234 Zij hoorde mij komen.
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11 Verbs 236 11.9.3 Use of om . . .
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11 Verbs 238 11.10 11.10.1 The impe
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11 Verbs 240 11.10.4 Occasionally t
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11 Verbs 242 11.12 11.12.1 The pass
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11 Verbs 244 This double participle
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11 Verbs 246 Dat had gedaan moeten
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11 Verbs 248 11.13 Progressive or c
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11 Verbs 250 11.15.1 Many adjective
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11 Verbs 252 Although there is the
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11 Verbs 254 When writing such an o
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11 Verbs 256 Going out is very expe
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11 Verbs 258 There are basically tw
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11 Verbs 260 zich uitsloven to go t
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11 Verbs 262 zich vervelen* to be b
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11 Verbs 264 Ik heb geen geld bij m
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11 Verbs 266 laten zinken (tr.) Ik
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11 Verbs 268 betreffen to concern W
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11 Verbs 270 2 Nominal prefixes for
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11 Verbs 272 The above is potential
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11 Verbs 274 meaning. This process
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11 Verbs 276 11.20.2.1.4 The prefix
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11 Verbs 278 11.21 Verbs followed b
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11 Verbs 280 bij aankomen to arrive
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11 Verbs 282 om smaken to taste of
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11 Verbs 284 lijken to look like le
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11 Verbs 286 tot (see 11.21.1) uit
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11 Verbs 288 gelden to count for, b
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290 Chapter 12 Conjunctions Voegwoo
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12 Conjunctions 292 12.1.1.3 In the
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12 Conjunctions 294 Onze kennissen
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12 Conjunctions 296 sinds since (te
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12 Conjunctions 298 It is, for exam
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12 Conjunctions 300 It is also used
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12 Conjunctions 302 The adverbial c
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12 Conjunctions 304 12.2.1.10 Naar
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12 Conjunctions 306 12.4 Correlativ
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12 Conjunctions 308 12.4.2 Adverbia
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12 Conjunctions 310 om 1 in order t
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12 Conjunctions 312 but only or Hij
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12 Conjunctions 314 welk(e) . .. oo
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13 Prepositions 316 geen ster aan d
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13 Prepositions 318 behalve ‘exce
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13 Prepositions 320 binnen ‘withi
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13 Prepositions 322 Hij zit (in) ee
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13 Prepositions 324 naar Parijs ver
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13 Prepositions 326 Onder het lezen
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13 Prepositions 328 Als kind heb ik
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13 Prepositions 330 sinds ‘since,
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13 Prepositions 332 tussen 3 en 4 u
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13 Prepositions 334 Ik heb het via
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13 Prepositions 336 aan deze/die ka
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13 Prepositions 338 Hij is het land
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13 Prepositions 340 Hij is op winst
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13 Prepositions 342 Note also: een
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14 Numerals 344 10 tien 28 achtentw
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14 Numerals 346 14.1.1.2 The Dutch
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14 Numerals 348 14.1.2.2 Honderd, d
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14 Numerals 350 14.2 Ordinal number
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14 Numerals 352 14.2.1.5 Foreign ki
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14 Numerals 354 2/3 twee derde 15 (
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14 Numerals 356 een man van achter
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14 Numerals 358 Het is vijf over ee
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14 Numerals 360 ‘a few’ and hoe
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14 Numerals 362 in vijf jaar tijd i
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14 Numerals 364 14.11.2 Square and
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366 Chapter 15 Er Er, which literal
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15 Er 368 Hij heeft er genoeg. He h
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15 Er 370 Hij verdenkt er zijn vrie
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15 Er 372 15.5.2 When a clause begi
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374 Chapter 16 Negation Ontkenning
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16 Negation 376 Hij is niet mijn va
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16 Negation 378 Hij geeft geen geld
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16 Negation 380 16.1.4.6 ‘Not . .
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16 Negation 382 16.1.4.13 Nietwaar?
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Appendix 1 Letter writing and email
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390 Appendix 2 Proper nouns Eigenna
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 392 Country
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 400 Provinc
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns Berlin Berl
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 404 Lorrain
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 406 3 Histo
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Appendix 3 Common Dutch abbreviatio
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416 Glossary of grammatical terms A
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Glossary of grammatical terms 418 C
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Glossary of grammatical terms 420 e
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Glossary of grammatical terms 422 I
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Glossary of grammatical terms 424 P
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Glossary of grammatical terms 426 i
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428 Index The numbers given are par
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Index 430 daar- + preposition 8.4.3
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Index 432 hun object pronoun 8.1, 8
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Index 434 preposition 13 after verb
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Index 436 punctuation 3 comma 3.1 r
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Index 438 verschillende indefinite
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