Grammatica - loco
Grammatica - loco Grammatica - loco
1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 12111 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41111 Other unemphatic forms of the possessive pronouns (see 8.2) occur in such superlatives depending on the subject of the sentence: Ik ben ’s ochtends altijd op m’n best. I’m always (at my) best in the mornings. Zij is ’s avonds laat op d’r best. She’s (at her) best late at night. 10.1.2.4 In the written language the following adverbial superlatives occur which are not translatable as such into English: Ik zou dat ten zeerste betreuren. I would regret that very much. Dat is ten strengste verboden. That is strictly forbidden. Het moet ten spoedigste worden afgeleverd. It must be delivered immediately. Hij heeft het ten stelligste ontkend. He flatly denied it. 10.2 Intensifying adverbs There is a variety of these, as indeed there is in English too, which are used to emphasize other adverbs and adjectives (see 9.3.5). 10.2.1 ‘Very’: heel, erg, zeer, hartstikke The three are completely synonymous but zeer is rather formal or particularly emphatic and only erg can be used with negatives, e.g. Hij was niet erg groot ‘He wasn’t very big’. Heel, as an adjective, can also mean ‘whole’ and erg can mean ‘terrible’, e.g. Het was heel erg ‘It was quite awful’, een erge aardbeving ‘a terrible earthquake’. Occasionally one gets a doubling up of heel and erg as adverbs, e.g. Het is heel erg moeilijk ‘It is very, very difficult’. It is also common for the adverbs erg and particularly heel to inflect when preceding an inflected attributive adjective, but this should be avoided in writing, e.g. een hele mooie boom = een heel mooie boom ‘a very beautiful tree’. Intensifying adberbs 137
10 Adverbs 138 Hartstikke, although seldom ever written, is frequently used to qualify adjectives in colloquial Dutch, e.g. hartstikke leuk ‘very nice’, hartstikke duur ‘very expensive’, hartstikke stom ‘very stupid’. 10.2.2 The following adverbs are very commonly used to intensify adjectives and other adverbs: akelig4 awful(ly) vreselijk terrible(-y) verschrikkelijk frightful(ly) ontzaglijk awful(ly) ontiegelijk extremely (coll.) afschuwelijk4 horrible (-y) enorm enormously These adverbs must never be inflected when occurring before attributive adjectives: een ontzettend leuke jurk an awfully nice dress een verschrikkelijk lief kind a terribly nice child een afschuwelijk lelijk gezicht a horribly ugly face Ontiegelijk is seldom written and now seems to be waning in popularity, but the word enorm is very popular in speech (see also reuze, 9.7.2): een enorm duur gebouw a tremendously expensive building Ik heb enorm veel verkocht. I sold an enormous amount. 10.2.3 bijzonder especially (pronounced biezónder) buitengewoon exceptional(ly) 4 Akelig and afschuwelijk can only be used in pejorative situations, e.g. akelig zoet ‘sickly sweet’, afschuwelijk duur/lelijk ‘terribly expensive/ugly’; compare vreselijk leuk/lelijk ‘really nice/ugly’.
- Page 101 and 102: 8 Pronouns 86 8.5 8.5.1 Relative pr
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- Page 109 and 110: 8 Pronouns 94 Alle bomen die in dit
- Page 111 and 112: 8 Pronouns 96 Dit is een ‘must’
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- Page 115 and 116: 8 Pronouns 100 Ik heb ze allebei in
- Page 117 and 118: 8 Pronouns 102 8.6.9 Pronominal use
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- Page 135 and 136: 9 Adjectives 120 * getrouwd met mar
- Page 137 and 138: 9 Adjectives 122 * verwonderd over
- Page 139 and 140: 9 Adjectives 124 ‘greenish’. Th
- Page 141 and 142: 9 Adjectives 126 -vormig correspond
- Page 143 and 144: 9 Adjectives 128 haarscherp very sh
- Page 145 and 146: 9 Adjectives Licht- and donker- pre
- Page 147 and 148: 9 Adjectives 132 there is also the
- Page 149 and 150: 10 Adverbs 134 are basically as for
- Page 151: 10 Adverbs 10.1.2.2 Minder/minst
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- Page 157 and 158: 10 Adverbs 142 A stylistic variant
- Page 159 and 160: 10 Adverbs 144 Sunday week zondag o
- Page 161 and 162: 10 Adverbs 146 10.3.13 Now now nu (
- Page 163 and 164: 10 Adverbs 148 all week (long) de (
- Page 165 and 166: 10 Adverbs 150 not yet nog niet sti
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- Page 169 and 170: 10 Adverbs 154 10.3.21.11 ‘Then
- Page 171 and 172: 10 Adverbs 156 hiervandaan, van hie
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- Page 183 and 184: 10 Adverbs 168 Hoor is very frequen
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- Page 201 and 202: 11 Verbs 186 Onze hond is net doodg
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Other unemphatic forms of the possessive pronouns (see 8.2) occur in<br />
such superlatives depending on the subject of the sentence:<br />
Ik ben ’s ochtends altijd op m’n best.<br />
I’m always (at my) best in the mornings.<br />
Zij is ’s avonds laat op d’r best.<br />
She’s (at her) best late at night.<br />
10.1.2.4<br />
In the written language the following adverbial superlatives occur which<br />
are not translatable as such into English:<br />
Ik zou dat ten zeerste betreuren.<br />
I would regret that very much.<br />
Dat is ten strengste verboden.<br />
That is strictly forbidden.<br />
Het moet ten spoedigste worden afgeleverd.<br />
It must be delivered immediately.<br />
Hij heeft het ten stelligste ontkend.<br />
He flatly denied it.<br />
10.2<br />
Intensifying adverbs<br />
There is a variety of these, as indeed there is in English too, which are<br />
used to emphasize other adverbs and adjectives (see 9.3.5).<br />
10.2.1<br />
‘Very’: heel, erg, zeer, hartstikke<br />
The three are completely synonymous but zeer is rather formal or<br />
particularly emphatic and only erg can be used with negatives, e.g. Hij<br />
was niet erg groot ‘He wasn’t very big’. Heel, as an adjective, can also<br />
mean ‘whole’ and erg can mean ‘terrible’, e.g. Het was heel erg ‘It was<br />
quite awful’, een erge aardbeving ‘a terrible earthquake’. Occasionally<br />
one gets a doubling up of heel and erg as adverbs, e.g. Het is heel erg<br />
moeilijk ‘It is very, very difficult’. It is also common for the adverbs erg<br />
and particularly heel to inflect when preceding an inflected attributive<br />
adjective, but this should be avoided in writing, e.g. een hele mooie boom<br />
= een heel mooie boom ‘a very beautiful tree’.<br />
Intensifying<br />
adberbs<br />
137