Grammatica - loco
Grammatica - loco Grammatica - loco
1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 12111 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41111 9.8.3 Some adjectives are now joined to the noun and are seen as forming a new concept; the shifted stress in such cases (indicated here by acute accents) illustrates the degree to which such words are considered compound nouns, e.g. plattelánd ‘country(-side)’, jongemán ‘young man’, jongelúi ‘young people, youth’, hogeschóól ‘tertiary educational establishment’, hoogléraar ‘professor’, vrijgezél ‘bachelor’. But there are some which retain the stress on the adjective, e.g. zúúrkool ‘sauerkraut’ (but rodekóól ‘red-cabbage’), wíttebrood ‘white bread’. There does not seem to be any rule for inflection in such compounds—they must simply be learnt as they are encountered. Often one sees halfdrie ‘half past two’ etc. written as one word as well as een halfpond ‘250 grams’. 9.8.4 Adjectives of nationality (see Appendix 2) are always written with capitals although some modern writers ignore this (see 2.5). Note that geographical regions, and adjectives derived from them, are written as hyphenated nouns; adjectives derived from such nouns were not hyphenated in the pre-1996 spelling, e.g. West-Duitsland > West-Duits ‘West German’, Midden-Europa > Midden-Europees ‘Central European’ (previously Westduits and Middeneuropees). Similarly prefixes which are in themselves adjectives are hyphenated, e.g. Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, Zeeuws-Vlaams, Kaaps-Hollands ‘Cape Dutch’, Brits-Amerikaans ‘British American’. Also many learned compounds made up of two adjectives, e.g. literair-kritisch. 9.8.5 The adjectives eerstejaars ‘first-year’, eersterangs ‘first-class’, tweedehands ‘second-hand’ and volbloed ‘full-blood’ are never inflected and are sometimes found prefixed to the noun, e.g. een eerstejaars student ‘a firstyear student’, een eersterangs hotel ‘a first-class hotel’, een tweedehands piano ‘a second-hand piano’, een volbloed Europeaan ‘a full-blood European’. The adjective rot ‘awful, dreadful, horrible’, which is rather colloquial but very commonly heard in colloquial Dutch, is also prefixed to the noun, e.g. een rotauto ‘a dreadful car’, een rotdag ‘a ghastly day’. But Notes on some peculiarities of adjectives 131
9 Adjectives 132 there is also the adjective rottig, which has a similar meaning but can also be used predicatively, e.g. Dat moet wel rottig voor je geweest zijn ‘That must have been awful for you’, Hoe is die auto van jou? Rottig, hoor ‘What’s that car of yours like? Dreadful’. Also Het is een rottige auto. 9.8.6 De and het are prefixed to -zelfde, e.g. dezelfde man ‘the same man’, Dat is mij allemaal hetzelfde ‘That is all the same to me’. Also ditzelfde, datzelfde and diezelfde, but deze zelfde man ‘this very same man’. Note that in higher style zelfde can be used together with een rendering ‘one and the same’: Deze voorbeelden laten zien dat een zelfde regel soms tot verschillende uitkomsten kan leiden. These examples illustrate that one and the same rule can sometimes produce different results. 9.8.7 On occasions when using more than one adjective before a noun in English we join the two by ‘and’, but this is not done in Dutch, e.g. prachtige, buitengewone dingen ‘beautiful (and) unusual things’. 9.8.8 The adjectives heel, geheel and gans, all of which mean ‘whole’ although the last two are somewhat formal, can precede the definite article, e.g. heel/geheel de wereld ‘the whole world’, gans het volk (form.) ‘the entire nation’; de hele wereld and het hele volk are what you will hear in everyday language.
- Page 95 and 96: 8 Pronouns 80 She gave him the book
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- Page 109 and 110: 8 Pronouns 94 Alle bomen die in dit
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- Page 115 and 116: 8 Pronouns 100 Ik heb ze allebei in
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- Page 135 and 136: 9 Adjectives 120 * getrouwd met mar
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- Page 139 and 140: 9 Adjectives 124 ‘greenish’. Th
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9<br />
Adjectives<br />
132<br />
there is also the adjective rottig, which has a similar meaning but can also<br />
be used predicatively, e.g. Dat moet wel rottig voor je geweest zijn ‘That<br />
must have been awful for you’, Hoe is die auto van jou? Rottig, hoor<br />
‘What’s that car of yours like? Dreadful’. Also Het is een rottige auto.<br />
9.8.6<br />
De and het are prefixed to -zelfde, e.g. dezelfde man ‘the same man’, Dat<br />
is mij allemaal hetzelfde ‘That is all the same to me’. Also ditzelfde, datzelfde<br />
and diezelfde, but deze zelfde man ‘this very same man’. Note that in<br />
higher style zelfde can be used together with een rendering ‘one and the<br />
same’:<br />
Deze voorbeelden laten zien dat een zelfde regel soms tot<br />
verschillende uitkomsten kan leiden.<br />
These examples illustrate that one and the same rule can sometimes<br />
produce different results.<br />
9.8.7<br />
On occasions when using more than one adjective before a noun in English<br />
we join the two by ‘and’, but this is not done in Dutch, e.g. prachtige,<br />
buitengewone dingen ‘beautiful (and) unusual things’.<br />
9.8.8<br />
The adjectives heel, geheel and gans, all of which mean ‘whole’ although<br />
the last two are somewhat formal, can precede the definite article, e.g.<br />
heel/geheel de wereld ‘the whole world’, gans het volk (form.) ‘the entire<br />
nation’; de hele wereld and het hele volk are what you will hear in everyday<br />
language.
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