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Grammatica - loco

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(b) Historically related to hetwelk (and welks, which was dealt with earlier)<br />

is the relative welk(e), which can replace die in formal writing:<br />

De regering welke (die) dat pas bekendgemaakt had, is<br />

gisteren afgetreden.<br />

The government, which had just announced that, resigned yesterday.<br />

De idealen welke (die) eertijds de jeugd bezielden, doen ons nu<br />

vaak glimlachen.<br />

The ideals which used to animate young people now often make us smile.<br />

(c) A further common usage of welk(e) which cannot be avoided, even<br />

in speech, is the following adjectival relative:<br />

Hij zei dat hij alles begrepen had, welke opmerking ik niet de<br />

moeite waard vond tegen te spreken.<br />

He said that he had understood everything, which remark I did not<br />

consider worth contradicting.<br />

Max Havelaar, welk boek (welke roman) ik op mijn veertiende<br />

jaar leerde kennen, vind ik nog steeds prachtig.<br />

I still find Max Havelaar, which book (novel) I got to know when I was<br />

fourteen, fabulous.<br />

8.5.10<br />

Extended participial phrases that replace relative clauses<br />

In formal style, and particularly in journalese, one finds an avoidance of<br />

relative clauses by placing the information usually contained in the relative<br />

clause before the noun to which it refers in an extended adjectival phrase.<br />

Such phrases always contain a present or past participle (or occasionally<br />

an infinitive—see the last two examples).<br />

Het boek dat ik gisteren tweedehands heb gekocht, heb ik aan<br />

mijn beste vriend gegeven.<br />

I have given the book that I bought second-hand yesterday to my<br />

best friend.<br />

Het gisteren door mij gekochte tweedehands boek heb ik aan<br />

mijn beste vriend gegeven.<br />

Hij heeft in de boekenkast die zijn opa gemaakt heeft een<br />

oeroude munt gevonden.<br />

He found a really old coin in the bookcase which his grandpa made.<br />

Hij heeft in de door zijn opa gemaakte boekenkast een<br />

oeroude munt gevonden.<br />

Relative<br />

pronouns<br />

93

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