Grammatica - loco

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Note:
1 Die/dat are pronouns because within their own clause they stand for a
noun. In English they are ‘who/which/that’. In Dutch you literally say
‘The man/men that . . .’ and ‘The book/books that . . .’.
2 They are relative because they relate back to the preceding word, the
antecedent.
3 The finite verb in a relative clause is sent to the end of that clause.
4 If a comma is used at all, it follows the relative clause. In shorter
sentences like the above it is usually omitted. Unlike German, Dutch
does not use a comma after the antecedent, i.e. before the relative
pronoun.
8.5.3
Relative pronouns combined with a preposition
(a) When a preposition occurs with a relative pronoun of common
gender, the pronoun wie is used instead of die when it refers to a
person:
De man met wie ik in de winkel stond te praten, is mijn oom.
This sentence can be translated as follows:
1 The man to whom I was talking in the shop is my uncle.
2 The man whom I was talking to in the shop is my uncle.
3 The man that I was talking to in the shop is my uncle.
4 The man I was talking to in the shop is my uncle.
In archaic style a dative form wie (even older wien) without a
preposition also occurs.
(b) When a preposition is used with a relative pronoun relating to a
thing, whether it be a de or a het word, waar- plus the preposition
is used:
De stoel waarop jij zit is van mij.
This sentence can be translated as follows:
1 The chair on which you are sitting is mine.
2 The chair which you are sitting on is mine.
3 The chair that you are sitting on is mine.
4 The chair you are sitting on is mine.
But in this instance there is another possible word order in Dutch.
This is in fact the more common of the two, certainly in speech.
Relative
pronouns
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