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Principles contained in Schedule 4 of the interim Constitution. It was signed into law on 10 December 1996. The objective in this process was to ensure that the fi nal Constitution is legitimate, credible and accepted by all South Africans. Public participation To this extent, the process of drafting the Constitution involved many South Africans in the largest public participation programme ever carried out in South Africa. After nearly two years of intensive consultations, political parties represented in the Constitutional Assembly negotiated the formulations contained in this text, which are an integration of ideas from ordinary citizens, civil society and political parties represented in and outside of the Constitutional Assembly. The artwork for this stamp was created by Muane Mainganye, a student at the Open Window School of Visual Communication. The Constitutional Hill stamp series started in 2008 with the architecture of the Constitutional Court. In 2009, the artworks in the Constitutional court were featured and in 2010, the history of Constitution Hill. References: • http://www.info.gov.za/documents/ constitution/1996/96explan.htm • http://www.southafrica.info/about/democracy/ constitution.htm • http://www.constitutionalcourt.org.za/site/ theconstitution/history.htm Technical information: Stamp issue date: 23 May 2011 Layout and design: Muano Mainganye Stamp size: 40 x 52 mm Stamp sheet size: 105 x 75 mm Paper: Yellow Green Phosphor 102g/m2 Gum: PVA gum Quantity printed: 50 000 Souvenir sheets of 1 stamp Colour: CMYK Printing process: Offset Lithography Printed by: Cartor Security Printing, France 7 Setempe May-Aug 2011
new issues... Celebrating rare instruments of African rhythm Rhythm, music, song and dance are inherent in African culture and form an integral part of most traditional African ceremonies and rituals. Many of the musical instruments used by various ethnic groups in Africa are rare and almost unknown to the Western world. To raise awareness of this important cultural legacy, the South African Post Offi ce will issue a set of ten stamps featuring a selection of rare musical instruments from various cultural groups on 30 June 2011. Two commemorative covers will also be available. The stamps, featuring artwork by Hein Botha, depict the following musical instruments: //Gwashi The //gwashi is a pluriarc, a type of stringed instrument that the !Kung San borrowed from the Ambo people of Ovamboland. There are two variations of this instrument, namely the fi ve-stringed //gwashi, which is played by men and the four-stringed version played by women. The instrument is played by plucking the strings with the thumb and forefi nger. //Gwashi music is usually accompanied by singing. Ramkie The San ramkie, a plucked lute, was infl uenced by the Portuguese. The lower half of the body consists of a calabash over which a piece of skin is stretched to serve as a resonator. A plank of wood with strings attached from the top to the bottom of the instrument serves as the neck. The number of strings varies from three to six. It is likely that the Khoi were the fi rst of South Africa’s inhabitants to play the instrument and to pass it on to the San. The ramkie is regarded as the equivalent of the Western guitar. Sansa The sansa is also known as sanza or mbira. The Bapedi version is called 8 Setempe May-Aug 2011 dipela. Outside Africa it is called a thumb piano, because the keys are plucked with the thumbs. It is believed to have originated in the Zambezi valley and is so widespread in Zimbabwe that it is accepted as the national instrument of the Shona. In South Africa, it is mainly found in the northern parts where it has been adopted by the Venda, Tsonga and Pedi and is used largely for recreation. Drums The drum, seen by many as the most representative African instrument, is still widely used today. According to some sources, every race that has inhabited South Africa has played drums at some stage, from the early Khoi playing on wooden milk jugs or clay pots, to the Venda playing on elaborately decorated wooden drums. The drums vary in shape, size and materials. Certain South African drums are diffi cult to fi nd today and some have disappeared from the musical scene altogether. Bull-roarer Bull-roarers are widely used in Africa and the instrument has many different names. The San bull-roarer is known as !goin!goin, while the Khoi call their instrument burubush, the Venda call it tshivhilivhi and the Bapedi call it kgabududu. It is also sometimes referred to as a spinning disc, because the instrument is swung around in circles, producing a roaring sound. It has been used to attract insects for honey production and people have likened its sound to the buzzing of bees. Horns Animal horns have been adapted for use as musical instruments in many African cultures. Horns, which are played mostly by men, are usually blown through an opening in the side. In the past, horns were blown as battle signals and were generally used to summon people to the chief’s kraal. The Khoi used kelp horns as instruments.
Page 2 and 3: Managing editor Johan van Wyk Edito
Page 4 and 5: interview ... Muano Mainganye - hon
Page 8 and 9: Flute In South Africa, traditional
Page 10 and 11: Cape parrot (Poicephalus robustus)
Page 12 and 13: 13 Setempe May-Aug 2011
Page 14 and 15: Setempe adverts dates & rates... SE
Page 16 and 17: This year sees the Rugby World Cup
Page 18 and 19: Bellville post office... From left:
Page 20 and 21: Sipho’s father, who was a wealthy
Page 22 and 23: The Old Arts Building, which is a N
Page 24 and 25: CASH ORDER FORM Account number: ___

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