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<strong>KCE</strong> reports vol. 6A Prenatale zorg 158 Study Ref Population Intervention Outcomes Results Comments Study type EL Foulon et 4 144 women with Fetal infection detected by Overall transmission Overall transmission: Analysis on CS 3 al., 1999 [473] confirmed cordocentesis, amniocentesis Risk of congenital 44% (64/144) gave birth to an infected (n = 64) toxoplasmosis infection or both infection by time of infected infant (antibiotics made no vs. uninfected from 5 European Antibiotic treatment of maternal infection difference in transmission rate, p = infant not centres 119/144 affected women Congenital toxoplasmosis Clinical signs in infant 0.7) presented determined by cord and Risk of congenital infection by time neonatal blood samples. of maternal infection: Infants followed-up to 1 year At 6 to 10 weeks of gestation: 21%; of age 11 to 15 weeks: 19%; 16 to 20 weeks: 23%; 21 to 25 weeks: 60%; 26 to 30 weeks: 65%; 31 to 35 weeks: 93% Lappalainen et al., 1995 Lebech et al., 1999 4 [622] 4 [469] 16,733 pregnant women in Finland from 1988 to 1989 99,246 consecutive deliveries in Denmark from 1992 to 1996 Screening for primary toxoplasmosis in mother Follow-up of 37 liveborn infected children Mothers screened at delivery for toxoplasma infection and infants of positive mothers followed for 12 months after Mothers with toxoplasmosis Annual incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis Prevalence of toxoplasma infection in infants Clinical signs in infant: 4 fetuses aborted; therefore, from 140 infants, 14% (19/140) either died in utero, had neurological abnormalities, hydroencephalus, cerebral calcifications, and/or choroidal scars with or without visual impairment 42 mothers with toxoplasmosis infection 4 infants with confirmed congenital toxoplasma infection; 0.3/1000 live born children per year 0.3 per 1000 This study represented about one-third of all deliveries CS 3 CS 3
<strong>KCE</strong> reports vol. 6A Prenatale zorg 159 Study Ref Population Intervention Outcomes Results Comments Study type delivery in Denmark What are the common sources of toxoplasmosis infection and how can pregnant women avoid infection? Study Ref Population Intervention Outcomes Results Comments Study Cook et al., 2000 4 [470] 252 pregnant women with acute toxoplasma infection and 858 controls from 5 centres in Europe from 1994 to 1995 Infection identified by antenatal screening Data collected by interview after diagnosis of infection Associated risk with food and environmental factors for toxoplasmosis Any cat in home: OR 1.0 (95% CI 0.7 to 1.5) Contact with soil: OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.7) Tasting meat while cooking: OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.4) Raw or undercooked beef: OR 1.7 (95% CI 1.1 to 7.2) Raw or undercooked lamb: OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.4 to 7.2) Raw or undercooked pork: OR 1.4 (95% CI 0.7 to 2.8) EL EL type CS 3
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KCE reports 1. Effectiviteit en kos
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