Download het volledig rapport (302 p.) - KCE

KCE reports vol. 6A Prenatale zorg 128
Study Ref Population Intervention Outcomes Results
In 2000, 270 babies were
born to HIV infected mothers
resulting in 15 HIV-positive
babies, 57 not infected and
198 as yet undetermined
Comments Study
type
EL
Conner et al., 4 RCT with 477 HIV Zidovudine vs. Efficacy of zidovudine 67.5% (95%CI 40.7 to 82.1)
RCT 1b
1994
[409] infected pregnant placebo in reducing risk of relative reduction in risk of
women enrolled from
vertical transmission HIV transmission (z = 4.03, p
April 1991 to December
measured by HIV = 0.00006)
1993 (409 births leading
infection status of
to 415 live-born infants)
child
Proportion infected at 18
months in zidovudine group
8.3% (95% CI 3.9 to 12.8)
Proportion infected at 18
months in placebo group
25.5% (95% CI 18.4 to 32.5)
What are the diagnostic tests available for detection of HIV infection and how do they compare in terms of specificity, sensitivity and costeffectiveness?
Study Ref Population Intervention Outcomes Results Comments Study type EL
Balano, 4
Rapid HIV screening Performance of rapid HIV 1 Sensitivity 99.9%
Letter
1998 [614]
during
antibody testing
labour
Specificity 99.6%
This paper only
reported the
Positive predictive value exceeds performance of
50% only when prevalence of HIV this test, i.e. did
1 exceeds 0.5%
not investigate the
testÊs performance
itself
PHLS 4
HIV testing algorithm Initial assay (EIA or rapid Available EIAs or rapid tests have In a low prevalence Report from 4
AIDS [415]
tests). If reaction is positive, similar and adequate sensitivity to population such as PHLS AIDS