Marloth Park Management Plan. - Nkomazi Local Municipality
Marloth Park Management Plan. - Nkomazi Local Municipality Marloth Park Management Plan. - Nkomazi Local Municipality
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES.................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................................... v LIST OF APPENDICES............................................................................................................ vi SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 6 STUDY AREA ............................................................................................................................. 7 SIZE.............................................................................................................................................. 7 INFRASTRUCTURE..................................................................................................................7 GEOMORPHOLOGY.............................................................................................................. 10 GEOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 10 SOILS ......................................................................................................................................... 15 CLIMATE.................................................................................................................................. 19 Radiation .................................................................................................................................... 19 Temperature .............................................................................................................................. 21 Rainfall ....................................................................................................................................... 21 Frost............................................................................................................................................ 23 Wind ........................................................................................................................................... 23 VEGETATION.......................................................................................................................... 23 VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION ON MARLOTH PARK INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 24 METHOD .................................................................................................................................. 26 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION................................................................................................ 28 VELD CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND THE CALCULATION OF POTENTIAL GRAZING CAPACITY INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 34 Veld condition assessment ........................................................................................................ 34 Grazing capacity........................................................................................................................ 36 OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................ 37 METHOD................................................................................................................................... 37 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION................................................................................................ 40 © Ecological Associates/ Marloth Park i
THE ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE BROWSE AND CALCULATION OF BROWSING CAPACITY INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 46 OBJECTIVE.............................................................................................................................. 47 METHOD................................................................................................................................... 47 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................................................... 50 ESTIMATION OF HERBACEOUS BIOMASS PRODUCTION INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 54 OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................ 54 METHOD................................................................................................................................... 55 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION................................................................................................ 56 GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF MARLOTH PARK INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 58 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................... 59 STOCKING RATES ................................................................................................................. 60 SPECIES DESCRIPTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................. 64 STOCKING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MARLOTH PARK ........................................ 74 SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING.............................................................................................. 81 TYPES OF SUPPLEMENTATION ........................................................................................ 82 Recommendations for Marloth Park....................................................................................... 85 DISEASE AND PARASITE CONTROL................................................................................ 87 VELD MANAGEMENT ON MARLOTH PARK ................................................................. 89 ENDANGERED, VULNERABLE AND RARE PLANT MANAGEMENT ....................... 89 NOXIOUS AND INVASIVE WEEDS..................................................................................... 92 UNDESIRABLE PLANT MANAGEMENT........................................................................... 93 BUSH ENCROACHMENT...................................................................................................... 96 Recommendations for Marloth Park....................................................................................... 99 VELD RECLAMATION ........................................................................................................ 100 Recommendations for Marloth Park..................................................................................... 102 FIRE REGIME........................................................................................................................ 103 Recommendations for Marloth Park..................................................................................... 107 SOIL EROSION ...................................................................................................................... 108 Recommendations for Marloth Park..................................................................................... 110 © Ecological Associates/ Marloth Park ii
- Page 1: Ecological Associates Environmental
- Page 5 and 6: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location
- Page 7 and 8: LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1: A li
- Page 9 and 10: Three different scenarios are analy
- Page 11 and 12: Ecosystems disturbed by clearing op
- Page 13 and 14: INTRODUCTION Although only a few ve
- Page 15 and 16: Figure 1: Location of the Marloth P
- Page 17 and 18: GEOMORPHOLOGY Looking down from the
- Page 19 and 20: Figure 4: Geology of the Marloth Pa
- Page 21 and 22: Tonalitic granite and gneiss A sect
- Page 23 and 24: Figure 6: Soil depth of the Marloth
- Page 25 and 26: Figure 7: Land Types of the Marloth
- Page 27 and 28: Figure 8: Land use in the Marloth P
- Page 29 and 30: A 610.1 B 104.0 C 7.4 D 19.9 E 39.8
- Page 31 and 32: INTRODUCTION VEGETATION CLASSIFICAT
- Page 33 and 34: METHOD For an initial and broad sca
- Page 35 and 36: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analysis and
- Page 37 and 38: The dominant grass species are broa
- Page 39 and 40: The characteristic tree species are
- Page 41 and 42: VELD CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND THE C
- Page 43 and 44: Degradation gradients are models th
- Page 45 and 46: The nearest grass species to each s
- Page 47 and 48: Calculation of grazing capacity The
- Page 49 and 50: Table 2: Contribution of ecological
- Page 51 and 52: Table 3: Grazing capacities for the
THE ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE BROWSE AND CALCULATION OF<br />
BROWSING CAPACITY<br />
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 46<br />
OBJECTIVE.............................................................................................................................. 47<br />
METHOD................................................................................................................................... 47<br />
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................................................... 50<br />
ESTIMATION OF HERBACEOUS BIOMASS PRODUCTION<br />
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 54<br />
OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................ 54<br />
METHOD................................................................................................................................... 55<br />
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION................................................................................................ 56<br />
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF MARLOTH PARK<br />
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 58<br />
OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................... 59<br />
STOCKING RATES ................................................................................................................. 60<br />
SPECIES DESCRIPTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................. 64<br />
STOCKING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MARLOTH PARK ........................................ 74<br />
SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING.............................................................................................. 81<br />
TYPES OF SUPPLEMENTATION ........................................................................................ 82<br />
Recommendations for <strong>Marloth</strong> <strong>Park</strong>....................................................................................... 85<br />
DISEASE AND PARASITE CONTROL................................................................................ 87<br />
VELD MANAGEMENT ON MARLOTH PARK ................................................................. 89<br />
ENDANGERED, VULNERABLE AND RARE PLANT MANAGEMENT ....................... 89<br />
NOXIOUS AND INVASIVE WEEDS..................................................................................... 92<br />
UNDESIRABLE PLANT MANAGEMENT........................................................................... 93<br />
BUSH ENCROACHMENT...................................................................................................... 96<br />
Recommendations for <strong>Marloth</strong> <strong>Park</strong>....................................................................................... 99<br />
VELD RECLAMATION ........................................................................................................ 100<br />
Recommendations for <strong>Marloth</strong> <strong>Park</strong>..................................................................................... 102<br />
FIRE REGIME........................................................................................................................ 103<br />
Recommendations for <strong>Marloth</strong> <strong>Park</strong>..................................................................................... 107<br />
SOIL EROSION ...................................................................................................................... 108<br />
Recommendations for <strong>Marloth</strong> <strong>Park</strong>..................................................................................... 110<br />
© Ecological Associates/ <strong>Marloth</strong> <strong>Park</strong> ii
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