Marloth Park Management Plan. - Nkomazi Local Municipality

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CLIMATE Climate, topography, soil and other biotic factors are considered as potentially restrictive factors in plant growth (Figure 8). Of the above factors, climate is considered as the most restrictive as vegetation is directly or indirectly dependent on climatic factors for the availability of minerals, growth and reproduction. These climatic factors are radiation, temperature and precipitation. Although the united effect of these factors exerts influence on vegetation, each may vary on macro-, meso- and micro-scale. The macroclimate of an area is considered as the long-term fluctuation of atmospheric conditions such as radiation, temperature, rain and wind. However, all atmospheric factors exhibit minor fluctuations over relatively short distances. These fluctuations may be attributed to variations in soil type and moisture contents, topography and vegetation of an area. The microclimate is considered as localised fluctuation occurring within the air layer directly above the soil surface, which is not influenced by meso- and macro-climatic conditions. The climatic data used for the evaluation of the Marloth Park were acquired from the following three weather stations 1 . • Friedenheim weather station - Number: 0555866 5; Longitude: 25º26' South; Latitude: 30º59' East; Altitude: 671 m a.s.l. Data were collected during a period of 76 years from 1929 to 2005. • Malelane weather station - Number: 0556898 7; Longitude: 25º28' South; Latitude: 31º30' East; Altitude: 305 m a.s.l. Data were collected during a period of 67 years from 1938 to 2005. • Berg-en-Dal weather station - Number: 0556836 X; Longitude: 31º26' South; Latitude: Radiation 25º25' East; Altitude: 380 m a.s.l. Data were collected during a period of 13 years from 1992 to 2005. Photosynthesis is influenced by various factors such as latitude, altitude, humidity, terrain and light. Of the above, light is the most important factor, as it is this energy captured by the process of photosynthesis that is converted to chemical energy. These chemical energy compounds are essential in maintaining biomass production and form the basis of all food chains and thus energy flow. 1 Weather Bureau, Department of Environmental Affairs, Private Bag X 447, 0001 Pretoria. © Ecological Associates/ Marloth Park 19
Figure 8: Land use in the Marloth Park study area © Ecological Associates/ Marloth Park 20
Page 1 and 2: Ecological Associates Environmental
Page 3 and 4: THE ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE BROWSE
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1: A li
Page 9 and 10: Three different scenarios are analy
Page 11 and 12: Ecosystems disturbed by clearing op
Page 13 and 14: INTRODUCTION Although only a few ve
Page 15 and 16: Figure 1: Location of the Marloth P
Page 17 and 18: GEOMORPHOLOGY Looking down from the
Page 19 and 20: Figure 4: Geology of the Marloth Pa
Page 21 and 22: Tonalitic granite and gneiss A sect
Page 23 and 24: Figure 6: Soil depth of the Marloth
Page 25: Figure 7: Land Types of the Marloth
Page 29 and 30: A 610.1 B 104.0 C 7.4 D 19.9 E 39.8
Page 31 and 32: INTRODUCTION VEGETATION CLASSIFICAT
Page 33 and 34: METHOD For an initial and broad sca
Page 35 and 36: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analysis and
Page 37 and 38: The dominant grass species are broa
Page 39 and 40: The characteristic tree species are
Page 41 and 42: VELD CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND THE C
Page 43 and 44: Degradation gradients are models th
Page 45 and 46: The nearest grass species to each s
Page 47 and 48: Calculation of grazing capacity The
Page 49 and 50: Table 2: Contribution of ecological
Page 51 and 52: Table 3: Grazing capacities for the
Page 53 and 54: THE ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE BROWSE
Page 55 and 56: X Y D1 Y Dimensional measurements:
Page 57 and 58: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The browsing
Page 59 and 60: Table 6: Browsing capacities for th
Page 61 and 62: INTRODUCTION ESTIMATION OF HERBACEO
Page 63 and 64: The resulting Large Stock Units are
Page 65 and 66: INTRODUCTION GAME MANAGEMENT ON MAR
Page 67 and 68: STOCKING RATES Current stocking The
Page 69 and 70: Table 10: The current stocking dens
Page 71 and 72: Recommendations on stocking rates C
Page 73 and 74: High selectivity grazers Blue wilde
Page 75 and 76: Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus Ogil
Page 77 and 78:
Space requirements: Kudu have range
Page 79 and 80:
Recommendation: The range requireme
Page 81 and 82:
Food preference: Steenbok utilise A
Page 83 and 84:
Table 12: The potential stocking de
Page 85 and 86:
Table 14: The potential stocking de
Page 87 and 88:
Table 15: The recommended stocking
Page 89 and 90:
The proteins may be less available
Page 91 and 92:
When urea is incorporated into a ph
Page 93 and 94:
Recommended intake for game is 150
Page 95 and 96:
Ticks The main parasite of concern
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 12: Sketch of Cyphostemma /C
Page 99 and 100:
NOXIOUS AND INVASIVE WEEDS An invas
Page 101 and 102:
Management plans need to be reviewe
Page 103 and 104:
Ricinus communis, Solanum sisymbrii
Page 105 and 106:
Although soil treatment with chemic
Page 107 and 108:
Planning errors must be expected, a
Page 109 and 110:
To further reduce grazing pressure
Page 111 and 112:
Lightning induced fires can also ca
Page 113 and 114:
TIME OF BURNING Least damage is cau
Page 115 and 116:
A low intensity fire will be achiev
Page 117 and 118:
Recommendations for Marloth Park Ma
Page 119 and 120:
Surface erosion will reduce water i
Page 121 and 122:
Several different types of waterhol
Page 123 and 124:
Stones Ground level Reinforced conc
Page 125 and 126:
For safety reasons these requiremen
Page 127 and 128:
Adaptive management Applying adapti
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 15: Location of the monitori
Page 131 and 132:
Appendix 1 (Continue) A list of tre
Page 133 and 134:
Appendix 2 (Continue) A list of gra
Page 135 and 136:
Appendix 3 (Continue) A list of for
Page 137 and 138:
Appendix 3 (Continue) A list of for
Page 139 and 140:
Appendix 4: Alien invaders found on
Page 141 and 142:
Appendix 5: Frequency occurrence of
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Appendix 6: Photographs of each veg
Page 157 and 158:
Appendix 6: Photographs of each veg
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Marloth Park Management Plan. - Nkomazi Local Municipality

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