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Basics of the MKS Toolkit - Mks.com

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General Purpose Tools<br />

df<br />

du<br />

Displaying Data<br />

cat<br />

pg<br />

You can use df to display <strong>the</strong> amount <strong>of</strong> free disk space on <strong>the</strong> device<br />

that contains your current working directory. The output <strong>of</strong> df might<br />

look like<br />

C: (C:/) 1952/16936<br />

The C: at <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> line stands for your current working<br />

directory. After this <strong>com</strong>es <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> device that holds this<br />

directory (in this case, C:), <strong>the</strong>n two numbers separated by a slash.<br />

The first number tells how many unused blocks <strong>the</strong> device has; <strong>the</strong><br />

second gives <strong>the</strong> total number <strong>of</strong> blocks on <strong>the</strong> device.<br />

If you specify a directory, df displays <strong>the</strong> free space remaining on <strong>the</strong><br />

device that contains <strong>the</strong> given directory. You can also give a specific<br />

device name, as in<br />

df a:<br />

The du (disk usage) <strong>com</strong>mand displays how many blocks are used by a<br />

given directory and its subdirectories. du lists <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> disk<br />

blocks used by each directory under your current working directory,<br />

plus <strong>the</strong> total number <strong>of</strong> blocks occupied by your current working<br />

directory. Because this information is given in blocks, numbers are<br />

smaller and easier to <strong>com</strong>pare.<br />

You can also specify a directory name to du to display <strong>the</strong> space used<br />

by that directory and all its contents.<br />

The <strong>MKS</strong> <strong>Toolkit</strong> cat and pg <strong>com</strong>mands let you view <strong>the</strong> contents <strong>of</strong><br />

any file for which you have read permission.<br />

The cat <strong>com</strong>mand displays <strong>the</strong> contents <strong>of</strong> one or more files. For<br />

example,<br />

cat file1 file2 file3...<br />

displays <strong>the</strong> contents <strong>of</strong> file1, <strong>the</strong>n file2, and so on. cat does not pause<br />

at any point unless you press CTRL-S (or <strong>the</strong> PAUSE key, if your<br />

keyboard has one). After pausing with CTRL-S, you can resume<br />

printing by pressing CTRL-Q.<br />

To make it easier for you to read large files, <strong>the</strong> <strong>MKS</strong> <strong>Toolkit</strong> also<br />

supplies <strong>the</strong> pg <strong>com</strong>mand.<br />

6 <strong>MKS</strong> <strong>Toolkit</strong>

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