September - Life Dynamics
September - Life Dynamics
September - Life Dynamics
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RLVIEW<br />
Edited by Margaret Sunger<br />
"CHILDREN"<br />
By CORALIE HAMAN<br />
Birth Control in the West<br />
A Fight for a Clinic in Chicago<br />
THE AMERICAN BIILTH<br />
Offanal Organ of<br />
CONTROL Luem, INC ,104 FIPTH AVENUE,<br />
NEW YOEX CITY
BIRTH CONTROL ORGANIZATIONS<br />
THE AMERICAN BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE, INC<br />
Headqwrterr 104 FIFTH AVENUE<br />
M u o m Smox% Prendmt ANNE Kranmr, Bscretary<br />
J ~ B ~ ~ u T P R ~ Cun~ Lam Row& OrgaWwn Becrskrry<br />
bfna LE- L DE-LIO 1 Vw6Pr*"dsntr Fewcm B Acmm~~~a. T r ~ r r r<br />
C C Lrmr,DSc<br />
MM RIC- Bmnra<br />
Board of Dsrectorr<br />
LOTXUOP Srnmuq PH D<br />
M.a G~ona~ H DAY, SP<br />
AIm omcm or laaom.<br />
JOHN C VAOEAX, M D<br />
MM Axnn G P-<br />
Iiatwmlcoriwil<br />
Whaton t31umbLLI N H Joe hL Bau MD Ill Mn Kate Crane OaN Cal Aaron J Basno8 M D, Cal<br />
gaud Mra Erred H Omenln# N Y WII? am HamUn QLlde. N Y S Adolphoa ICnapf MD N Y Mra Simeon plord N Y<br />
and Mrs Tbam4s L GmibnunqN Y Ramand Paul PbS, Md. Prof- E C Ihdeman. N C Mr Robert M Lordf 1U<br />
Dr -ell H J- Pa Hubut(Zoly N Y Mr James M Maw Pa MmCCR-y NY<br />
hmdd A Spaelb. PhD Mb Frederkk C HceL1 MD N Y Mra Mhor L La- N Y Lawrence Lltcb6eld MD Pa<br />
Mra oak- Ama. Mser Mn John Wloten Braman. N Y Theodore Dreiser Cal<br />
EV-"t"N F-<br />
Pmfanm WaJtu B PIWn. N Y Mra Hamer St Oaudena N H. Mn Frank 1 Cobb N Y<br />
Prof- A B Wolle, Tu. Babbl Rndolph l Wee. Ph.D Cal tdn. hest R Adee. N Y Florence Guertin Tuttle, N Y<br />
Addf Mmr M D Md tdn. Dater Blyden N Y tdn. Robert R 0-ry 111 May 1 Bf@m MD Col<br />
Mn0ttoH.Kabn.N Y WUtlam J Pleldhg N Y nonnes ~ayard ~dles. el ~r ~lomentbal N Y<br />
tdn. Nmman de IL Whltabow N Y MW7 Shsw N Y Nice Butler M D 0 John PaviU MD, 111<br />
tdn. Bobat Perldnr &SB N H Mm End Bauh Pa Mm Shelley Tolbourat. Cal Mlre Mary W1-r Pa<br />
Xm Pops Ysatmau Pa Nlfs Hamilton MD, Mass Loacll Bmtanc~ N Y Mrs W e de Revera N J<br />
Prolassor W M<br />
Mn SWw MeCodck, N Y Mrs Charles Tiffany N Y Rabbi Sidney & Goldstein<br />
tdn. Laarned H=YMau<br />
Donald R Hooker MD MwIsnd Rev Willlam H Oartb N Y Dr Henry 0 Mamy Mw<br />
Dcmn Thyrsa W boa, Pa. Dr Blisabetb Snsn N Y Prof Walter F WiUmx N Y Nice stons ~lseh.ell ~ ~ s a<br />
Eev StML Tmaa.NY Hontlo PI. Poll& PhD, N Y Mn Stephen Clark. N Y Mr and nd Sindalr Lew4 N 1<br />
L ~ r BWCH.~ n<br />
NEW YOM STATE, L~BLATIVE ComxhaN~vANu<br />
Prsrdsnt, Mrs Horace Forks Baker, P~ttsbur h. Pa Naw Yonx C m Chmzan, Mrs R~Chard BI&@<br />
-~NT Connm Vws-Prsndsnt M rs Imogen G oakley, ~bdadtclpha s- Chaamn, Mrs heber E Whitt~c<br />
Ruonro Prendsnt, Rev L Grlswold Williams, Rehg, Pa s~~~~~ Chaarman Dr Ernest Caldecott<br />
O~~o-Cnrcunrm Prer+dmt, Dr Ralph Reed, IndIsnapolis R~~~~~ Chatman, Mrs Thomas J Swanton<br />
I~DIAEA Prendsnt, Dr Amella R Kellar, InQanapoh<br />
WAYNE Coum Prsndmt, Mrs W F Spangler, Richmond, Ind Chrman9 'Iement, Jr<br />
Mrnxlo~x Prsndmt, Mrs W&am A McGraw, Detro~t GmzNs Chmrmon, Bishop Vandever<br />
Maauc~usmm Tsmpomry Chasrman Mrs W E Cannon, Cambridge S ~ ~ H T Chamnan ~ ~ Mrs ~ Frank M Leavrtt<br />
Barns= Coruxem Prsrdmt, Mr A. M Stevens, Vancouver Cxrvm~onsr Chawman Mrs John Scott Brownmg, Jr BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW<br />
104 F ~ H<br />
AYENTJE, NEW YOBK,<br />
N Y<br />
VOL VII SEPTEMBER, 1923 No 9<br />
CONTENTS<br />
atonal Imrmgrabon and B~rth Control, by A a Ia Conhnenoe the Soluhon? 228<br />
Porntt 219 Letters fmm parents aboring how mntrary to human<br />
Shoning the folly of etadug mu rates to allma from<br />
natnn atad how Inrmnwhie anth ha y married He self<br />
sbr~ad while Learing them alde apen to the overwhelm mntd may prove to be. when web se%ntml is exercised<br />
Ing prgeny of the least dea~rable elements of oor City<br />
solely out of fear of mopymences<br />
and durn popolatlm Ch~Idren, r Phylet, by Coralss Haman 280<br />
N~ns Nan8<br />
A From IN CH~CMO<br />
Dlmeulties placed in tbe wy of the openlng of a Birth<br />
Control Cllaic<br />
220 A peep lnto the life of women In our<br />
streets<br />
evercrowded mean<br />
What do they think of Blrth Contmlr<br />
nl Ama AND P~INCIPLE~ or TAB AIIE~IC.~ Bmx C~NT~OL<br />
h r n 289<br />
Boon Rrwwa<br />
NEWS Wac ENauxn<br />
Dr Marie Stme wins her appeal<br />
The Cost to the State of the Soadly Unlit, by Hary<br />
Wndror 22'2<br />
THE BWX OP Lm, by Upton b'mcloir-A Porntt<br />
INPAXT Mo~T-, by Hugh Aahby<br />
WHAT'S WP0Nal WITH h GlBl4 by BsatTWe Forb##-<br />
Robertton Halo-Hdm Qlsnn Tyron<br />
THE SZCUET OF WOIL~X, by Helm Jarme-Helm<br />
240<br />
240<br />
241<br />
A remarkable summa of the unprotltahle Invptments of<br />
the athens of penJvanls m mtlt ~ ~ e s<br />
Qlmn Tyaon<br />
Boons Rremo<br />
241<br />
241<br />
The Viszon of George Drydale, bv Maruarst Bangsr 225 pmronr- Ua<br />
The third part of Marrant Sengerm noble appredation<br />
of thin major Prophet of Birth Contd<br />
AN APPEAL OF NEW YOPX WOXKN Vmm 2b3<br />
Ptlbltshed by THE AMERICAN BIBTH CONTROL LEAGUE<br />
Monthly on the first of each month Subscr~pt~on pnce, $2 00 a year<br />
Bntwad tu B ~ c Cbr d Matter, March 11,1918, at tha portoflcs at N6W Pork, N I, under the Act of Xarch 3,1879
he BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW<br />
OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE AMERICAN BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE<br />
Fom Stem to Osr Coal-Agxhhon, Edwat~w, OrganuPhon. hdatwn<br />
MARGARET SANGER, Ehtor<br />
VOL VII SEPTEMBER, 1923 No 9<br />
W<br />
Immigration an d Birth Control<br />
ITH the first of each month untll the yearly ad&tlon, the law excluded crmnals, polygamsts,<br />
quotas are exhausted, come the recurrent anarchsts, prostitutes, Chmese laborers and men<br />
stones of the racmg of steamshps to New York, or women commg under contract to take jobs m the<br />
the jockey~ng for places at Quarantme, m order Umted States-the last clause bemg amed at the<br />
that the shps may make sure that then passengers pract~ce of certam employers of engagmg workw~ll<br />
be adnutted under them respective quotas, and ers In Europe at low wages m order to meet the efthe<br />
overcrow&ng of ~mgrant quarters at Elhs forts of Amerlcan labor to ralse ~ ts standard of hv-<br />
Island The newspapers pnnt stones of hardshps mg All these exclusions are stlll m force, m ad&suffered<br />
by detalned m~grants, of plt~ful separa- tlon to the three per cent restrlctlon<br />
tlons between members of a famly when a s~ster, When the crowds of would-be ~mnngrants are rut<br />
a brother, a son, or a daughter 1s refused entrance, our gates clamoring for entry, ~t 1s easy to see the<br />
of the pamful posltlon of people who have sold up effect that they would have on our soc~al Me If<br />
all thelr possessions and spent almost all thelr sub- we admt men by the thousands who wlll accept<br />
stance to get to the promised land, only to f3nd the wages far below the Amencan rates, [the prlce of<br />
gate shut m them faces because them country's labor must go down If we pemt the entry of the<br />
quota 1s already exhausted And yet the general dseased, our taxes and the cost of our chant~es wdl<br />
sent~ment of rthe nat~on 1s sol~dly behmd some re- be Increased for them care and mamtenance, and<br />
str~ct~on of mgrat~on, and, ~f avoidable hardshps for the care of those to whom they wdl comrnmcrute<br />
and &ff~cult~es could be ebated from the pres- thew malahes If we adnut the mentally defecent<br />
system, there would be httle objection to the t~ve we run the rlsk not only of havlng to support<br />
law, execpt from those employers who look only them In jalls, asylums, or other mst~tut~ons, but also<br />
for an mehate supply of cheap labor<br />
of havlng to care for hordes of feeble-mmded chll-<br />
The law, as ~t stands at present, pemts the entry dren whom they would generate The lepslat~on<br />
of a number of ahens of any natlonahty not exceed- excludmg such people 1s reasonable and eugemc<br />
lng three percent of these nationals enumerated m But why do we stop there? Why do we prevent<br />
the census of 1910 Before ~t was passed m 1921, the adht~on to our burdens of paupensm, s~ckness<br />
Congress rece~ved and considered tons of evldence and mental defect from abroad, and rut the same<br />
concemng the mjury to our natlonal hfe through t~me, by laws on our Federal and State statute<br />
the adnuss~on each year of hordes of lmrmgrants books, actually compel slrmlar addlt~ons through<br />
whom we were not able to assdate The country the blrth of unfit Amencan c~tmns on our own sod?<br />
was m danger of be~ng swamped by hundreds of Much of the ~mrmgrat~on legslahon has been passed<br />
thousands of ahens speakmg unknown languages, at the behest of Amencan labor If the labor leadwhom<br />
we could not educate, and could not ralse to ers were really enhghtened as regards the welfare<br />
the Amencan standard of hvmg Yet lmrmgrat~on of the great mass of Amerlcan workers, they would<br />
was by no means unrestncted when the law of 1921 demand checks on the cormng of undesirables by<br />
was passed Under a senes of laws, the passage of blrth as well as undesirables by mgratlon They<br />
wh~ch began m the early eighteen-e~ght~es, the would repudiate mth energy and mdlgnat~on the<br />
Umted States excluded ~&ots, mbecdes, feeble- mamtenance of laws whlch actually prevent the<br />
rmnded persons, ep~lephcs, msane persons, persons mothers and fathers from checkmg such arnvals,<br />
of constltut~onal psychopathc mfenonty, paupers, however con-~lced those parents may be of the<br />
persons acted wlth tuberculos~s or mth a loath- vrong they are domg to themselves, to the~r unborn<br />
some or dangerous contaaous disease, all mentally chlldren and ko soc~ety through unrestncted parentdefectme<br />
persons and persons mth phys~cal defects age If Amer~can Labor took up the cause of Blrth<br />
whch would affect then abhty to earn a hving In Control, ~t could create a pubhc opuuon before
whch the outworn and dysgemc laws whch now<br />
disgrace our statute books would be qulckly swept<br />
away Health centers, and especially pre-natal and<br />
matermty centers would then be manned or "wo-<br />
manned" as carefully as are our immgration por-<br />
tals Large famhes, where the wages of the fath-<br />
er were such as to make impossible proper care, pro-<br />
tection, education, freedom from chlld-labor and op-<br />
portunity for a start m hfe for each baby, would be<br />
sternly discouraged, and the man and woman who<br />
persisted m procreatmg chlldren they could not care<br />
for, would be made to feel the weight of pubhc re-<br />
probaixon Careful precaution would be taken<br />
against the entry of tuberculous babies, or babies<br />
hable to become tuberculous on account of the con-<br />
dtion of them parents, of babies wuth loathsome con-<br />
tapous dseases and especially of feeble-mmded or<br />
epdepixc babies The gates of hie would be<br />
guarded with as much care as at Eks Island-mth<br />
far better effect~veness because the care could be<br />
extended over the hves of the parents, mthout the<br />
sudden penods of stress and overcrowdmg whch<br />
make impossible proper exammatlon of each md-<br />
vldual by medcal and other mspectors Every mar-<br />
nage certificate could be accompamed mth instruc-<br />
tlons concemg the hgh responsibhty of parent-<br />
hood, and the condtions whch should pre-exist be-<br />
fore the great enterprise of bmgmg a new human<br />
bemg lnto existence should be undertaken, and<br />
measures would be taken to exclude from parent-<br />
age the mamfestly and permanently udt<br />
HERE is another aspect of the present Amer-<br />
T can pohcy of restnotlng murugration Contemplatmg<br />
the poverty-stncken condixon of the<br />
countnes of post-war Europe, one is apt to feel<br />
that our restnct~ve laws, however well adapted to<br />
secure our own welfare, are selfish and cruel to the<br />
workless and stamg people of Europe who ask<br />
only a chance of eamg a hvlng But supposing<br />
that we removed all restrictions and adrmtted freely<br />
all the ahens desirmg to enter the Umted States,<br />
would the world m the long run be benefited? The<br />
laws of populahon are well-known How would<br />
they work under such condtions7 As rapidly as<br />
the steamshps could carry them the people who<br />
could get away from Great Bntam, Italy, Greece,<br />
Turkey, Belgum, Spam and all the countnes of<br />
Eastern Europe and Western Asia would land on<br />
our shores Clamomg for work m our mdustnes,<br />
they would brmg down the rates of wages They<br />
would overcrowd stdl more our already over-mwded<br />
slum areas They would exhaust the capacity<br />
of our Whhons for paupers, crmmals and defectives<br />
Soon the over-crowdmg would be so great<br />
that condixons here would offer no mprovement<br />
over conhtlons m Europe, and the rate of -pa-<br />
Btrth Control Review<br />
tion would slacken In the meantme, followmg a<br />
well-known biological law, mth the hfting of pressure<br />
m the countries from whch the -grants<br />
had come there would be an ~mmedate rlse in the<br />
birth rate and an mcreased survlval rate Ths<br />
would go on until the former level of absolute saturation<br />
had been reached, and msery and starvation<br />
Intervened to keep a forced balance of death and<br />
birth rates AU the imgratlon that Amenca<br />
could receive would make no permanent d~fference<br />
to the congestion of population m Europe, and the<br />
only result would be to reduce our level of hvrng<br />
and welfare to that of the countnes whence our m-<br />
nugrants had come In fact, condhons would be<br />
even worse, for through the reduction of wages<br />
and the standard of hvmg, America would no longer<br />
have the purchasmg capacity whch it now enjoys,<br />
and the countnes of Europe would lose the market<br />
whch now enables them ,to dspose of some of<br />
their products These results are clearly seen by<br />
our economists who support the restriction of urngration<br />
They are also perceptible to the men and<br />
women who have gven close attention to our labor<br />
problems But the results to any country are sumlar<br />
whether the lmgration is from ahen countries<br />
or "from Heaven" Why it is that ~t 1s so<br />
dfficult to convlnce people that natural laws work<br />
to our dsaster when these laws concern human<br />
reproduction, and that it IS high tme that we should<br />
take m hand the restramt of nature made poss~ble<br />
by the pft to mankind of intelhgence and wisdom?<br />
News Notes<br />
Ths month Mrs Sanger has been carrying the<br />
message of Blrth Control to the Far West She<br />
has been m Bnixsh Columbia, the Yukon and<br />
Alaska, delivered a second lecture in Vancouver, B<br />
She went p mnly for a vacation, but it was m-<br />
possible for her to refuse mvltatlons to speak A<br />
fuller account of her work wdl be given later<br />
July 19-Margaret Sanger spoke before the<br />
Woman's Club at Skagway, Alaska Thls club con-<br />
sists of the fine ploneer women of the extreme<br />
Northwest<br />
July 23 -Mrs Sanger, upon her return from<br />
Alaska, dehvered a second lecture m Vancouver, B<br />
C After her &st lecture here, some weeks ago, a<br />
General Comttee was formed to make adequate<br />
arrangements for her reurn engagement The nu-<br />
cleus of a Canadan Branch of the Binth Control<br />
League was formed mth Mr A M Stephen, B<br />
Sc as President, Mrs Ethel B Summers as Fmst<br />
Vlce-President, Mrs Dr W H Curry as Second<br />
Vice-President and Mrs Scott Drummond as Sec<br />
Treas
<strong>September</strong>, 1923<br />
In response to a specla1 request, Mrs Sanger quest~on of Blrth Control into pract~cal pohtlcs, and<br />
spoke on "The H~story of the Blrth Control Move- to present ~t to canhdates for elect~on There are<br />
ment" at Hamdton Hall The audence hstened many Stakes bes~des New York m whch amendmth<br />
keen mterest to her address and there were no ments of the law are necessary to make Blrth Conhssentmg<br />
volces heard m the &scuss~on whch fol- trol lnformat~on avdable Advocates of Blrth Conlowed<br />
Ths was, to Mrs Sanger, a rather unlque trol m these States would do well to pay attent~on<br />
experience Her many fnends and supporters here to the recommendat~orn made by Mrs Bhgs<br />
regret that she was not able to stay longer mth<br />
them to ass~st m the orgamzat~on of the new League A FIGHT IN CHICAGO<br />
However, upon her return to Vancouver, they hope The Ihols Blrth Control League is makmg a<br />
to encourage her m her work by mtroducmg her to strenuous fight to estrt'bhsh a Blrth Control Chmc<br />
a mhtant branch of the Blrth Control Movement m Chcago Apphcat~on was made at the begvl~llng<br />
act~vely engaged m puttmg mto prad~ce the Ideals of August to Health Comrmss~oner Bundesen for<br />
for whch she stands<br />
a hcense to open the chmc Ths st~rred up the<br />
July 23 -The Legslatwe Comrmttee of Cedar- author~t~es and the health comrmssloner announced<br />
hurst, L I , held a meetmg to arrange for me&- helf absolutely opposed to Birth Control But<br />
ate prehmmary work m conned~on nth the can&- the apphcat~on to the Assistant Corporat~on Coundates<br />
for the New York Legslature<br />
sel, Mr Frank M Pudden, resulted In an opmon<br />
July 24 -The final steps were taken m the legal that there was no law on the Ilhols S~tatute Book<br />
d~ssolut~on of the New York Women's Pubhshmg to prevent the mamtenance of such a chc Bunde-<br />
Company Henceforth the Blrth Control Remew sen was not satisfied He was detemed to h d<br />
will be pubhshed by lthe Amer~can Blrth Control out whether there was any law compehg hun to<br />
League of whch ~t has been the offiaal organ smce Issue a perrmt, and declared thak m hs opmon the<br />
1921<br />
movement for Blrth Control from a health pomt of<br />
August 3 -Mrs Frank M Leamtt, Cha~rman of<br />
mew would nun the nat~on, that ~t was brealung<br />
the SufTolk Co Legslart~ve Comrmttee, and Mrs<br />
down the law of God and a dangerous thg for<br />
Anne Kennedy, Execut~ve Secretary of the Amerc~vhzabon.<br />
Un&sturbed by Comrmss~oner Bundecan<br />
Blrth Control League, left Smthtown for a<br />
sen's personal opmons, the League went ahead m<br />
as prepmaborn to open the chc, for whch ~t had<br />
three days' canvass of the county to secure members taken prermses at 347 North Lmcoln Street. Dr<br />
for Ithe Comttee<br />
Rachelle Yams of Hull House, well known m<br />
August 6 -Mrs Margaret Sanger spoke before progresswe health work, has been engaged to conthe<br />
Denver Women's Club, Mrs Herbert M duct ~t.<br />
Monroe, Pres~dent of the Club, took the cham and The controversy augurs much mterest m Chcsgo<br />
introduced Mrs Sanger The hall was so crowded for the Blrth Control Conference of the mddle<br />
that an overflow meetmg had to be held afterwards Western States whch 1s to be held at the Hotel<br />
to enable all the audlence to hear Mrs Sanger It Drake m that sty, October 29,30 and 31<br />
1s probable that a Colorado Branch wdl be estabhshed<br />
as a result of the meetmg And lthe women NEWS FROM ENGLAND<br />
are anxious to proceed at once to the estabbhment<br />
of a chc W e m Denver, Mrs Sanger recelved On July 20 the Cod of Appeal m London ana<br />
most hosp~table welcome from Judge Ben Lmd- nounced ~ ts opuuon reversmg the judgment of the<br />
Lord Chef Juhce m the hbel case of Dr Mane<br />
EY<br />
Stopes apst Dr Halhday G Sutherland The<br />
August 9 -Mrs Auue Kennedy and Mrs Juh& case, an account of whch was glven m our Apnl<br />
Barrett Rublee started for Yucatan, Mex~co Them Issue, was brought by Dr Stopes as a protest<br />
vls~t 1s m response to an lnvltrut~on from Dr Ber- agamst statements made concemg her Blrth Connardmo<br />
Ennqua, Director of the Medlcal Depart- trol Chc, m a book agad Blrth Control written<br />
ment of the Nat~onal Uqerslty, Menda Dr En- by Dr Sutherland In response to the mstruchons<br />
r~quez has arranged to have Mrs Kennedy address of the Lord Chef Just~ce, the Jury brought m a<br />
a meetmg of doctors, whch 1s to be held for the dw vedct under four heads (1) that the statements<br />
cuss~on of the subject of contracept~on After spend- were defamatory to the plamw, (2) that statemg<br />
a week m Menda, Mrs Kennedy and Mrs Rub- ments of fad were true m substance and m fad,<br />
lee wdl proceed to Mex~co C~ty, where they wdl (3) thait expresslorn of opmon were not fam wmprepare<br />
for a meetmg to be addressed by Mrs San- ment, (4) damages one hundred pounds The<br />
gel.<br />
Lord Chef Jusbce found that the ver&&t was m-<br />
We would call Blttent~on to the appeal Issued by consistent, that ~f the statements of fact were true<br />
the New York Legslatme Comrmttee to bnng the there was no clam for damages He accordmgly set
222 ?~rth Control Renew<br />
as~de the vdct and found for the defendant Jus- to do mth them, and he had also no reason to beheve<br />
lxce Bankes who dehvered the judgment of the that the defendant hmself had anythmg to do wnth<br />
Court of Appeal found on the contrary that the them He thought ~t nght to say that such comjury<br />
had a nght to find aga~nst the defendant on rnun~cat~ons were absolutely Improper, and that<br />
the ground of unfalr comment, and reversed the wr~tmg khem was pwshable as contempt of court<br />
judgment of ithe Lord Ch~ef Justwe, awardmg the In a sense they were worse than Improper, because<br />
damages assessed by the jury to Dr Stopes Judge they were e~ther useless or worse than useless Every<br />
Smutton, who concurred m the judgment, stated judge had a large wastepaper basket mto whch<br />
that durmg the t~me the case was pendmg he had such cornmunica~ons were placed, as soon as them<br />
been pestered nth anonymous commwcat~ons nature was ascertamed If they had any effect, and<br />
aga~nst B~rth Control, all advocat~ng the defend- he hoped they had not, ~t was to creiute a bias agamst<br />
ant's s~de Of course, he acqulted the legal repre- the s~de that was foohsh enough to make use of such<br />
sentalxves of the defendant from havlng anyth~ng mproper commmcatlons<br />
The Cost to the State of the Socially Unfit<br />
A Paper Read at the Ftfth Internatwnul Btrth Control Conference, London<br />
HEN the Amer~can B~rth Control League Bemg a Soc~ahst I am not one of those who<br />
W mvited me to wr~te a paper for ths dustr~ous grudge State a ~d Pubhc funds gven to the pubhc<br />
conference, "The Cost to the State of Unlulunlted schools, to parks, playgrounds, baby chcs, rmlk<br />
Motherhood" was suggested as a t~tle But it stat~ons, and mothers' penslons may be well m-<br />
seemed better to call ~t "The Soclally Hanhcapped vested But ~t behooves all of us, espec~ally those<br />
and the Soc~ally Unfit" It 1s lmposs~ble to estl- who hold ths pomt of new, to look sharply mto the<br />
mate what proport~on of the unfit is due to dun- quest~on of how our money 1s bemg spent, whether<br />
ited parenthood, how many are born unfit, and how we are gettmg first rate human matenal In return<br />
many have acheved lths durmg them hves or "damaged goods "<br />
It can be confidently sa~d that the unfit ex~st m I had mtended to base ths paper enlxrely on<br />
great numbers at vast expense to the commww stuhes made m my nat~ve StatePe~sylvama,<br />
It 1s worth whle to draw attent~on, even made- the second most powerful and mfluentlal State m<br />
quakely, to these fads m order to arouse sympathy the Umon Many of the large Amencan fortunes<br />
for our cause among the duenhal and the wealthy are made m Pennsylvama, m the steel mlls or the<br />
They are mdlfferent, owlng to the ease mth wh~ch coal mmes Oppossed to th~s colossal wealth 1s povthey<br />
can obtam contraceptlve mformat~on for them- erty on a huge scale And m th~s great mdustrial<br />
selves The problems of poverty and a large fam- commwty, so much m need of Birth Control, we<br />
dy do not trouble them, except as kax payers and have, m addut~on to the Federal law whch precontributors<br />
to ph~lanthroptc orga~llzatlons We vents the sendmg of contracept~ve mfonnat~on<br />
need them support It IS all very well to say "Set through the mads, a State law whlch makes it m-<br />
up B~rth Control chcs among the poor" But poss~ble for a phys~c~an to gve such mformation<br />
heretofore a few-Dr and Mrs Drysdale for m- even to a hseased woman It may throw an mterstance-have<br />
borne the hanaal burden of such un- estmg hght on Amer~can poht~cs d I ltell you that<br />
dertalungs and it 1s t~me now that we turned to the the Pennsylvan~a State Department of Chant~es<br />
r~ch<br />
dumg five years hd not make a report of any kmd'<br />
Much p~ty has been lavlshed on the un-g So you see m Amenca ~t 1s not the way of the transmother,<br />
but very httle on the unwlhng tax-payer gressor that IS hard, but lthe way of the mnvest~gator<br />
Yet it 1s proverbla1 In Amencan reform c~rcles thiut and the soc~al reformer I hope th~s may partly<br />
the only way to make the average comfortable c~b- expla~n and excuse some of the deficlencles m th~s<br />
sen move IS to touch the "pocket nerve " An ex- paper<br />
penenced soc~al worker who was lund enough to as- Let us begm by loolung at some facts and stat~ss~st<br />
me In gathemg data for ths paper says that t~cs suppl~ed us by the Federal Government, specsthe<br />
Amencan busmess man, who pays heavy taxes cally by the War Department: as Ito the defects<br />
and contr~butes generously to chanty has no Idea found m the enhsted men<br />
how h~s money IS bemg wasted Let us all, m our<br />
several commun~t~es, gather mformation to enhghten<br />
hun
I <strong>September</strong>, 1923 223<br />
Here we learn that of the number of 2,753,922 As I sald before, thls may seem to be a worthmen,<br />
who were exarmned to fumsh the statlstlcs while expendlture But let us hear the oplmon of<br />
discussed, there were found 468 defectlve men per an expert Dr Arneha D Dranga of Pittsburgh<br />
thousand exanmed It may be regarded as surpns- who has done us the honor to go on the board of our<br />
mg that not more defects were detected Probably newly organized Pennsylvama Branch of the Amerthey<br />
would have been had the examnatlons been ]can Birth Control League, wrltes as follows "I am<br />
less expeditiously conducted On the other hand, the medlcal &rector of the Pittsburgh and Allegmany<br />
of the defects are obviously only such from a heny Mllk and Ice Assoaatlon, and every Tuesday<br />
ditary standpomt So it 1s about fifty-fifty and Saturday mornlng our two secretaries and I<br />
Defects of a mechamcal sont, mvolvlng bones, have large chmcs of seventy to a hundred and more<br />
jo~nts and the appendages of the hands and feet and mothers with then bables, we welgh the bables, look<br />
weak feet were commonest, and constituted about them over, we doctor both mothers and bables, and<br />
39 per cent of all Defects of the sense organs about we fumsh them mllk We teach the mothers how<br />
12 per cent, tuberculosls and venereal dlsease to- to feed and care for thelr bab~es, and we often find<br />
gether about 11 per cent<br />
mothers nurslng a baby fourteen, slxteen months,<br />
and up to two years old, because the poor mothers<br />
I have no stat~st~cs with regard to tuberculosls, are determmed they will have no more babies and<br />
but the Umted States Interdepartmental Soc~al<br />
that 1s the only way they know how to prevent it<br />
Hygene Board, through ~ ts Executive Secretary,<br />
In fad, ~t IS the only Blrth Control they know I<br />
Dr Valeria H Parker, sends the followmg "The<br />
have plcked out a few cases whch sadly show the<br />
Amencan Soclal Hygene Assoclatlon estmates<br />
need of Blrth Control just m our own httle group<br />
the cost of venereal dlsease in Illlnols to be $188,-<br />
I am senlng you a copy, because these cases Illus-<br />
000,000 a year The cost of venereal dlsease m trate phases of thls great subject<br />
Ohio has been placed at $~OO,OOO,OOO The cost<br />
to the army dumg the world war was placed at "Baker, Colored famlly Have 8 chldren, lang-<br />
$72,000,000 In 1919 venereal disease cost the Ing from 11 years to 7 months Is llkely pregnant<br />
Umted States army $15,000,000, in 1920 $5,500,- agaln Chlldren are all rachlt~c, oldest child tuber-<br />
000, m 1921 $4,400,000 I am sen&ng you under cular Man llkely syphllltlc Two of the chlldren<br />
another cover, a copy of the Annual Report of the are patlents of the Eye and Ear Hosp~tal for eye<br />
Board for the fiscal year endmg June 30, 1921 trouble<br />
You wlll note m thls report certaln figures mth "Berwlck Famlly conslsts of man, wife and 4<br />
reference to the cost of venereal &sease The es- ch~ldren, oldest 7 years of age Man is a drunkard<br />
tlmated wage loss due to venereal dlsease 1s $69,- I talked to woman about havlng a big famllg She<br />
000,000 a year, based upon an average dally wage remarked her husband's mother had 14 chlldren, her<br />
of $12 At the present tme the average perlod husband was a drunkard, and all his brothers of the<br />
dunng whlch a solher 1s lncapacltated with vene- same type<br />
real disease is thrty-seven days, and the cost of "Dl Clcco Itallan family Have 5 chlldren, baby<br />
handhng a case is approximately $7 80 a day " 13 months old Woman has had two abortions since<br />
the b~rth of the last chlld<br />
Now let us turn to somethmg whlch at first sight<br />
"Draper Man 1s a drunkard Have 6 chddren,<br />
seems more cheerful than venereal dlseaseday<br />
among them twins, one of whlch has slnce dled Twins<br />
nurseries The Phlladelpha Association of Day were llkely syphlltlc Another ch~ld born slnce the<br />
Nursenes, through ~ts execut~ve secretary, Miss twlns 1s a good-looklug baby<br />
Frances Colbourne, sends us the followmg "There<br />
"Dubee Famlly conslsts of man, wlfe and<br />
are slxty-two nurseries m Pennsylvania but I am<br />
6 chlldren<br />
Man 1s t b and two of the chlldren are t b<br />
unable to state the spec~fic cost Some of the Cath- Otherwise a very good type famlly Man 1s armous<br />
ollc and many of the poorer standard nursenes fall to work, when able, and woman 1s a splendld houseto<br />
issue any annul report I can only gve you a keeper<br />
rough estlmate of the cost of day nursenes, as they "Davls Wlfe 1s feeble-mnded and syphlhtlc<br />
vary considerably according to slze and standards has 2 ch~ldren by husband, who deserted several years<br />
of semce Even In our Assoclatlon we range from ago, and has had 2 dlegltlmate chlldren since 1919<br />
$2,400 to 8,600 An average based on experience, Baby is a wretched looklng case Is now havlng hodplus<br />
actual statlstlcs, suggests $5,000 per year as pltal care<br />
the approximate cost As there are 610 nursenes In "Ford Colored famlly, who have needed the supthe<br />
country, this would mean a total expendlture ( f port of many different agencles Have 6 children,<br />
$5,500 a year Of course the parents pay a small oldest one being 15 years old Woman has had 6<br />
fee, but I thlnk thls sum could be d~sregarded as I miscarriages Chlldren not healthy loolung<br />
conslder the figure I have gven you to be a mnl- "Graff Woman aged 28 Has been marrled 11<br />
mum total estlrnate "<br />
y6ars and has had 10 pregnancies, 4 llvlng chlldren
oldest one bang 16 years old Chlldren not healthy Commss~oners of Pubhc Char~t~es for 1921-23<br />
loolung<br />
'WcGrath Man, wlfe and 9 chddren, oldest beq 13 years, baby 2 months Married 14 years, woman<br />
32 vears old<br />
states that the Lepslature of 1919 appropr~ated<br />
for the mdlgent Insane $4,390,000, and the amount<br />
recommended to wver the penod from June 1,1921<br />
to Mav 31. 1923. was $5.000.000. and that the to-<br />
"McM11hn Woman is feeble-nunded and m need<br />
of aid from hfferent agencies Man deserted, leav-<br />
lng her with 3 chlldren Poor loolung chddren Wo-<br />
man 1s wretched housekeeper and takes poor care of<br />
baby<br />
"Pervado Famlly conststs of man who 1s syphl-<br />
lltlc and works only at tunes, woman who M a poor<br />
housekeeper and not very lntelllgent Woman, aged<br />
30 vears has had 9 chddren. 5 hvinp Marned at 15<br />
ye& of age Has been a pubhc chuarge all her mar-<br />
ned hfe<br />
"Parker Famlly have 3 chlldren Man spent some<br />
time ln jad for abuslng wlfe Woman and baby both<br />
have actlve syphdls Woman 1s now havlng treat-<br />
ment Man has since deserted agaln<br />
"Pelusso Famlly have 6 chlldren Man M a dmg<br />
adhd using morphne Woman has been In hospltal<br />
under treatment for gonorrheal lnfectlon Man<br />
has been to several ~nstitutions for treatment<br />
man has had 2 chddren slnce hls return.<br />
Wo-<br />
"Perluns Colored famdy Man is almost bhnd<br />
and not able to do very much work Have 7 chd-<br />
dren and another 1s expected Have been under the<br />
care of many agencles Chlldren rachtlc Woman<br />
very poor housekeeper<br />
"Sanetlk Pollsh fanuly of a falrly good type<br />
Man 1s t b , but at present 1s dolng hght work Have<br />
7 chlldren under 11 years of age Chddren are all<br />
very thln and dellcate loolung Woman 1s very m-<br />
dustr~ous, as 1s man Have needed some assistance<br />
"Gatto Itahan fanuly Woman aged 26 years,<br />
has had 9 pregnancles and has 4 hvmng chddren. Is<br />
below the average In intelligence, and 1s qmte care-<br />
less ~n the care of the chddren<br />
"Supra Itahan famdy Woman has had 10<br />
pregnancles In 9 years Has 6 hnng chddren and<br />
1s pregnant agamn Three younger chddren are not<br />
able to walk, 2 of them havlng been to hospital hav-<br />
Ing braces adjusted Woman is a poor housekeeper<br />
Man does not look after h~s fady as he should Woman<br />
1s about 28 years old<br />
"Rozeo Itahan fady Have 10 hnng chddren,<br />
woman not havmng had any nuscarnages Man 1s<br />
not strong and works very Irregularly Oldest cud is 16 years old "<br />
It scarcely seems worth whlle, does ~ t r But m<br />
Phlladelpha 25,000 chddren are belng supported<br />
by pnvate agencles at a cost of $7000,000 a year<br />
The Pennsylvma Le~slature m 1919 made an appropnation<br />
of upwards of $2,708,635 to cover for<br />
two years the cost of four lnst~tutions for the feeblemmded<br />
The prehary report of the Board of<br />
. - . ,<br />
tal appropr~at~ons for 'the care and treatment of<br />
the mhgent msane from 1885 Ito 1921 was $40,688,-<br />
966 The Nat~onal Comttee for Mental Hygene<br />
In a pamphlet ent~tled "Comparabve Stat~stlcs for<br />
State Hosp~tals for Mental D~seases," by Horat~o<br />
M Pollock, Ph D and Ehth M Furbush, says<br />
that the expenhture for maintenance for seven<br />
Pennsylvan~a State Hosp~tals for Mental Dlseases<br />
m 1920 amounted to more than $2,586 089 Ths IS,<br />
of course, pubhc money and q ~te mdependent of<br />
pnvate expend~tures<br />
We feel the Impulse to cry out that far too much<br />
1s bemg even for such purposes Alas! under our<br />
present soc~al system we are not pvmg too much,<br />
but far too hbtle The Nat~onal Comttee for<br />
Mental Hygene, m a pamphlet called "A Natlonal<br />
Defic~t" (1920) says "No State has prov~ded adequately<br />
for more than ten per cent of ~ts mental defechves<br />
What of the other mety per cent?" What<br />
mdeed? I know hat m my own Pe~sylvama, less<br />
than ten years ago, there were over 10,000 feeblermnded<br />
women of chdd-beamg age roammg around<br />
over the State, the vast majonty of them presentmg<br />
the commumty w~th a chdd every year The Pennsylvma<br />
Department of Pubhc Welfare, m a letter<br />
dated June 14,1922, says the cost of operatmg the<br />
pemtent~anes and reformatones 1s upwards of $2,-<br />
433,180, and the cost of forty county jads 1s upwards<br />
of $2,676,174, totallmg $5,109,854<br />
I have not tlme nor space to tell of the mst~tut~ons<br />
for fr~endless chddren, homes, refugees orphan asylums,<br />
to provlde for those Itq whom the b~tter words<br />
of Heme mght be apphed, Am besten war es, me<br />
geboren sem" (it 1s slgmficant that many of these<br />
mshtut~ons beloner to our opponents of the Roman<br />
Cathohc ~hurchc nor of i6e deaf, the dumb, the<br />
bhd, the cripples, drlnk and drug adhcts, nor the<br />
hosp~tals sheltermg vast numbers of the unfit To<br />
mamtam these the pockets of the fit are bemg<br />
p~cked, them resources dramed It would be out of<br />
the quest~on for me to do justice to ;ths subject<br />
But I hope th paper may msplre others more<br />
capable than I am to prepare stuhes for hstnbut~on<br />
m the~r own cornmumties whch wdl rouse<br />
up the nch and duentlal to a sense of them<br />
respons~bihties towards ths presslng problem<br />
In conclus~on, let me express my thanks to those<br />
who orgalllzed ths Conference, for the prlvllege of<br />
t~kmg part m its dehberat~ons and assure them<br />
that, armed mth the prest~ge of havlng been part of<br />
such an epoch-malung gathermg, we shall return to<br />
our respective countr~es strengthened for the magnficent<br />
work before us
The Vision of George Drysdale<br />
I I11<br />
ples drawn from literature and art, hlstory and bi-<br />
The revelation in modein psychology, for which ography, so Drysdale pointed out that in studpg<br />
we are mostly indebted to Sigmund Freud, is human nature the sc~entists, to undkrstand the<br />
marked by the shifting emphasis and mterest from gerieral cause of health and disease, must bethe<br />
intellectual to the mstinctive, from the descrip- come acquainted with the world of creative extlve<br />
to the behaviorist~c It is based upon the apph- pression True scientists "should seek to enter Into<br />
cation of scientific determination to the mental the thoughts of religious and moral thinkers, for all<br />
sphere It tends to he-<br />
of them are in their own<br />
come more and more<br />
sphere physicians, and<br />
physiolog~cal and biolog-<br />
them every thought has a<br />
ical It reveals the hu-<br />
physical and moral imman<br />
mind as subject to<br />
port " To make any adnatural<br />
automatic pro-<br />
vance in thls field, he<br />
cesses, wlth sex as the<br />
polnted out, perseverunconscious<br />
dynamic<br />
ance and the combined<br />
and motivating force m<br />
eff ortofmanyworkersare<br />
all the more important<br />
needed Medlcine must<br />
phases of human behav-<br />
be combined w~th other<br />
lor Drysdale was not<br />
sciences, and, until the<br />
merely a vague precur-<br />
public is as well insor<br />
of thls modern point<br />
formed on physical as<br />
of view Though his con-<br />
on psychic subjects and<br />
tribution in this field is<br />
as thoroughly conversant<br />
slight, he realized the ab-<br />
with them paramount unsolute<br />
Interdependence<br />
portance, we cannot exof<br />
bodily and mental<br />
pect any true progress<br />
health, and cried out for<br />
He also saw the ada<br />
creative and illummat-<br />
vance of the method of<br />
ing psychology which<br />
analysis, in enconr~lging<br />
might free indinduals<br />
the patient to reveal himfrom<br />
t h e i r mnsible<br />
self Any true underchains<br />
It was because<br />
standing of mental disof<br />
his msistence that this<br />
ease or unbalance, he felt<br />
realm must be studled as<br />
would be barren and m-<br />
scientifically as the hu-<br />
com~lete without this<br />
1<br />
man body, and his behef GEORGE DBYSDALE 1886-1904<br />
self-revelation, just as<br />
that mental science must morahty and rellgion<br />
be free of all theoretical and metaphysical tradition, were barren and incomplete before men began<br />
that he may be called one of the true founders of the to think on these subjects for themselves He denew<br />
psychology plored the fad that very few mehcal men had ever<br />
The spiritual and the physical life of man, he thought of allowing their patients to speak for<br />
pointed out, are organically united The one can- themselves in their diagnoses Intent on arriving at<br />
not be understood without the other The physical physical fads and physical conclusions, physicians<br />
enters equally with the psphlc element m every hu- of his day paid apparently httle attent~on to the<br />
man question Insanity and all mental diseases, of mental state of the patient, whlch, as he pointed out,<br />
whlch there is a particular d~seased bodily state to forms no less a part of the disease In quest~on,ng<br />
correspond mth each one, should all come, he felt, a patient they sought to bnng him as soon as posunderthepatientinvestigationof<br />
thescientist Drys- sible to the physical point, "checlnng has drgresdale<br />
foresaw the present development in psychology szons and the out-pounng of hzs suffering heart "<br />
in lndicatlng that the true analyst must be famliar On the other hand, the psychology of that art~ficlal<br />
not only with physical habits, but with mental era was as barren and unfmtful, as we could well<br />
habits also Just as psycho-analysts are able to sub- expect it to be It limited itself, as any reader of<br />
stantiate and illummate their discoveries by exam- the old textbooks remembers, to descriptive analy-
sis of intellectual and mental processess, with no reference<br />
to the unconscious physical or mstinctive behavior<br />
of the individual<br />
Drysdale was one of the first to see that these<br />
two things, to be of any real benefit to humamty,<br />
must be united and synthesized into a new science<br />
The modem analyst has to base hs therapy upon the<br />
ever-increasing revelations the in&vidual is able to<br />
make Drysdale foresaw some such method as ths<br />
by speaking of the value of the patient's hgressions,<br />
confesslow and outpourings He reahzed that the<br />
physician and science were losing in a great degree<br />
not only by the silencing of the feehgs, but also<br />
by their lack of insight into the psychology of health<br />
and disease This, he msisted, is as valuable a pant<br />
of medical knowledge as any other, and as Important<br />
for the prevention and treatment of disease<br />
and the advancement of health Every physical<br />
state has its pecuhar mental one, and to discover<br />
what this is, and the influence on the mnd of all<br />
bohly states, such as hystena and msamty, is a most<br />
essential branch of medicinal science This psychology<br />
of health and disease is to be obtained only by a<br />
study of every individual's mmd compared mth hs<br />
bodily condition, and a full knowledge of ths can<br />
be arrived at only by hs own revelatzone We want<br />
a whole man to sympathzze mth, not merely a body<br />
or a soul<br />
"How few subjective records of physical hfe are<br />
to be found in history!" he exclaimed "Among the<br />
numerous autobiographies that have been wntten<br />
by so many noble human bemgs, who has gven<br />
us any but the most meager details of hs physical<br />
hfe, even though its history may have been the most<br />
extraordinary, the most sadly eventful of the twm<br />
parts of his nature' Hence do all these men present<br />
to us most imperfect pictures Through all the tissues<br />
of their loves we do not know what physical<br />
threads have been interwoven, and therefore we can<br />
pass no sat~sfactory judgment on themselves or<br />
their actions But how unrnensely does the world<br />
lose by not having the fmts of their physical as<br />
well as their moral experiences! Had their penetrating<br />
mnds been as keenly directed to the physical<br />
goods and evils they encountered as to the mental<br />
ones, had they used, each in his own case, the subtle<br />
insight which personal expenence alone gives, would<br />
the world have been in as wretched a physical state<br />
as lt is, wlth so low a physical standard that health<br />
is not health, that there is a skeleton m every house,<br />
and a disease, secret or open, gnawing at the vltals<br />
of almost every one of us! Would we still be stum-<br />
Btrth Control Revsew<br />
We must study the language of the body, a language<br />
not confined to an age or a nation, but wlde<br />
and universal as humamty, in order that we may attain<br />
;to a hgher self-consciousness "<br />
He reverts tune after time, in the "Elements of<br />
Social Science," to this necessity of a new psychology<br />
One chapter is entitled "Subjective Medicine,"<br />
another "Mental Disease," whde another chapter on<br />
hystena seems to me to be fundamentally in agreement<br />
mth the epoch-mahng study of Freud, pubhshed<br />
in 1895, the first book of the great Viennese<br />
pioneer In hs chapter on "MentalDisease," George<br />
Drysdale pomts out that the mnd, exactly like the<br />
body, operates accorhng to fixed natural laws<br />
Sorrow m the mnd corresponds to pain In the body<br />
In Freud's first book "Stuhen uber Hysterie" the<br />
point was made that "sexuahty plays a leading part<br />
m the causation of hystena " When we recall that<br />
Charcot was indifferent to the psychic side of his<br />
cases, that he regarded the recoption of a sex<br />
element in the causation of hsease as degradmg,<br />
and that Freud and Breuer in 1895 first launched<br />
the doctrine of sexual suppression, which is now<br />
the fundation pier upon whch the whole structure<br />
of the new psychology rests, we can gam some sense<br />
of Drysdale's lrnportance as the true pioneer of the<br />
whole modern outlook<br />
Verification of ths fad is to be stnkmgly found<br />
in hs chapter on mental hsease and hysteria He<br />
makes the unqualified statement that a morbid sexual<br />
state-both physical and mental-lies at the<br />
root of hysteria Compare this with the statement<br />
made by Freud in his first book that "the great<br />
majonty of serious neuroses m women arise from<br />
the marrlage bed " With none of the eqmpment<br />
of modern psychology and modern science at hls<br />
command Drysdale nevertheless reveals a dehte<br />
and concrete msight, stated in unequivocal terms,<br />
concerning the hysterical and neurotic charaoter<br />
He asks us to analyse the pecuhar mental and<br />
physical phenomena of hysteria, and to consider<br />
the disturbing influences which the systematic dema1<br />
and repression of natural deslre must have on<br />
the dehcate and susceptible prl He says it is impossible<br />
to avoid the conclusion that this suppression<br />
is the main cause of the hsease "The natural emotions<br />
are checked and thrown back upon themselves,<br />
and it 1s inevitable that they should become disordered<br />
and their disorder gradually implicate the<br />
whole nervous system " How closely he anticipates<br />
the very phraseology of the twentieth century psychology<br />
is inhcated in this str~hne: statement "The<br />
bhg on from age to age m the Same erroneous stream of feehng, instead of being allowed to flow<br />
tracks, and falling one after the other, hke sheep, onward in ~ ts natural channel m the hght of day,<br />
into the same pitfallst gladdenmg and fertihzlng all around, is pent up m<br />
"If we will not remaln thus ignorant, we must the gloomy aecTet caverne of the mzd, to cause there<br />
imbue our mnds equally with physical knowledge a deluge and desolation That, whlch should have
<strong>September</strong>, 19.23<br />
been the young gwl's pnde and dehght, becomes her reahzed by Drysdale He saw ths expressed m a<br />
shame and torture, she must conceal and stuIously morb~d cur~os~ty caused by the dense Ignorance and<br />
repress her eager and beautiful emokons, and can mhlb~tlons, whch gave nse to the demand for pruwe<br />
wonder that beddement and tlrmdlty and un- nent and stupld books publ~shed to grat~fy the sexpotence<br />
result? Nature cannot bear ths constant ually starved, m the degradat~on and corrupt~on of<br />
&ate of slavery, and ever and anon she shows m the mmds, m the mfanthsm and underdevelopmellrt of<br />
hysterical convulsions, m the wdd dehlous exc~te- men and women Because of ths ch11Ish cur~os~ty<br />
nent of nymphomanla, that she WIU not be repress- and Ignorant unagnat~on, because of the degraded<br />
:d " He reahzed that an age of spmtual Puntamsm feelmg of mystery, shame or Isgust, vaned only by<br />
md represslon was responsible for the mentable vulgar pretences of knowmgness, the soc~ety of hs<br />
spread of hyster~a and the mcreasmg numbers of tune was grossly perverted on all sexual matters<br />
neurokc women He saw that rank and morb~d Drysdale lnslsted that the laws of mmd are not<br />
pwth of sexual passlons was the outgrowth of one wht less defimte and mvaluable than those of<br />
these suppresslons Happmess 1s a sign of moral the body He saw that ~f psychology was to make<br />
iealth, joy and sorrow, accordmg to Drysdale, are any advance ~t must gve up ~ts metaphysical and<br />
)ur pdes to truth showlug us where we are nght supernatural assumpt~ons There 1s no thought, no<br />
md where wrong m the explorat~on of our bemg emotlon, no mstmot with us that is not subject to<br />
He saw long before the advance of modern pyschol- deh~te mechamsms, as certam and mvar~able as<br />
)gy that the mental element plays as unportant a physlcal or chemcal react~ons He reahzed that<br />
aart aa any other m the causat~on of physlcal Is- the psychology of hs day was stdl m a ruhmentary<br />
:a*, and to cure the latter, ~t IS just as requlslte to and even stagnant state "Its very first fundarpply<br />
remedles to the mental as to the boddy state mental axloms are not adrmbted, but all IS mvolved<br />
ro do ths, he sald, we must first be able to recopze m a paradox~cal mystlc supernatural obscunty "<br />
uhat IS the mental Isease and then to treat ~t ac- It was hs Idea that the two great natural pdes<br />
mrdmg to the pmc~ples of mental health Our ~g- to the understandmg of mental health and Isease<br />
iorance of the laws of our mmds has mvolved us, are joy and sorrow, correspondmg to the feelmgs of<br />
~ody and soul, m rum People pr~de themselves on Dam and lea sure m the bodv The ordlnarv stan-<br />
;hew woes, and glory m thew contempt of health dards of &oral excellence were obv~ously unh;althy,<br />
Even to-day we have not outgrown ths pnde m accordme to Drvsdale Manv of the characters<br />
iorrow and Isease<br />
most a&red b; Vlctonan mirahsts were to hm But Drysdale mslsted, hke the most advanced Infected mth Isease The great crylng need m<br />
)f modern psycho-blolog~sts, that the human body mlnd as well as body, he ms~sted, 1s not hum~hty nor<br />
n ~ ts lnteractlng mental and phys~cal aspects 1s the spw~tual sentunent, but self-rehance, expressive<br />
;ouchstone of moral truth, that ~ ts health or dlsease energy and an actlve enjoyment of hfe-m a word,<br />
s "tanpble and demonstrable " We see that joy health A true enjoyment of moral and splrltual<br />
md all the abed feehngs are hnked most closely nature, Drysdale clalmed, could only be obtalned by<br />
ulth the physlcal health and wellbemng, whereas sor- the comparatlve exammatlon of the mmds of all hv-<br />
-ow and all ~ ts msenes cause derangement and 1ll- ing belngs and by traclng our facult~es upward from<br />
~ealth of the bo&ly funct~ons m a measure exactly thew slmple expressions m the lowest animals to the<br />
>roport~onal to thew mtenslty and contmuance " very most compllcated state m humans Untll ths<br />
He saw that the great need of hls tlme, as ~t IS stdl IS done, he was convinced that there could be no real<br />
~f our own, was to &am a true Idea of what 1s health psychology "The sclence of comparatme psychol-<br />
~nd what 1s Isease The physlclan of mmd and body ogy," he wrote, "though ~t has yet scarcely an ex-<br />
:annot effect a cure ~f there 1s lurlung m the physlcal istence, opposed as ~t has been by our narrow con-<br />
( Ir mental svstem, a dlsease or derangement whch cept~on of the human mmd, wlll ultlrnately be recog-<br />
1s not recog&zed, and whch may be at&e bottom of mzed as equally mhspensable mth comparatlve<br />
all the symptoms He saw that the true orlgm of a anatomy m order to attam a true knowledge of our<br />
great many physical dlsea~s 1s In reahty to be found nature " In ths statement we h d m Drysdale a<br />
m depressed or anxious state of mmd In th~s way stnkmg antlc~patlon of the new psychology w~th ~ts<br />
he preceded the modern theones of complexes and stuIes of myth, folk-lore and prlnutlve man<br />
suppresslons, of morbld fears and compuls~ons It w suffacwnt to mentwn Lord Bacon, Sas Isaac New-<br />
Thus he urged upon physlc~ans to pay equal atten- ton, Alexander Humboldt, &r Charles LyeU, or Charles<br />
tlon to mental Isorder and to seek the true roots of Damn rn order to show that leraurc M not, as M clarmed,<br />
physlcal and mental unbalance<br />
a detmnent to aaprratwn It shows, on thc contrary,<br />
How mde-spread the action of convent~onal sex- that the want of st u a great burner to rntellectual excelual<br />
suppression and represslon as restnctlve and lence, thut poverty and momto- td cmh out mrL<br />
enslaving agencles upon human nature, was fully lrm of potentral Zzcnunnnes rn socwty LESTEB WAED
T<br />
Is Continence the Solution?<br />
Letters Showzng Some Dangers Attelldrng Thzs Form of Bzrth Control<br />
Bzrth Control Revlew<br />
HERE are mtzcs of Bzrth Control who contend that the only method that should be<br />
wed to regulute the number of a famly u contanace Other methoda are churactenaed<br />
by them as mtural and condemned on that score Contz~nce, ngoromly practrsed, rs an<br />
effecttve meana of control, but zt should be remembered that there are couples so fertale that<br />
any connectzon, at any tame, may and almost znevltably d l lead to pregmncy Fw such<br />
couples ten or twelve conmectaons zn a marned lzfe of twenty years or more would mean a<br />
famzly of ten or twelve children, even more cf some of the bzrth were tunm Could anythang<br />
be moi e unnatural than the marned lzfe of a yomg couple, ardently attached to each other,<br />
and yet practaszng m h complete "self-control" arr would grve them the famtly of two, three or<br />
four chzldren whom they could support? These letters tell the story of the fazlure of contznence<br />
- the mamages that mght be happy unth "arhfinal" Bzrth Control broken up and rendered<br />
muerable by the suppresszon of the natural expresmn of marned love, whrch so frequently<br />
results zn the ex%mctzon of love ztself There can be no surer road to broken homes,<br />
msery and dzvorce than the enfornng of conhnence, through fear, on couples not naturally<br />
adapted to the severe lzfe of celzbacy tn mrnage<br />
"NOT NATURAL NOR RIGHT"<br />
Dear Mrs Sanger Callforma<br />
Your wonderful book, "Woman and the New Race," 1s<br />
pnceless to me It 1s full of the thoughts that have been<br />
growlng in my mind for the last SIX years, but whlch, in<br />
my Ignorance, I could never have put Into words<br />
I am twente-four years old, and have two wonderful<br />
adorable, healthy chlldren My son 1s nearly five and my<br />
daughter is su months old I was marr~ed when I was<br />
e~ghteen years old and I had absolutely no knowledge of<br />
what marned life was I d~dn't even know what made<br />
bab~es, nor anythlng about sex I had always been<br />
sh~elded from th~ngs llke that We were marrled dur~ng<br />
have me worry, and as we know of no preventwe, he says<br />
he sees only one thng to do - absolute continence That<br />
would not be natural nor nght, and we could not 11ve<br />
together that way Nothlng but mlsery could poss~bly<br />
result from ~t You can understand what ~t would mean<br />
I love h~m and want to be everythlng to h~m Can't you<br />
please tell me the means of prevent~ng concept~on It<br />
would mean great happiness to me to know, and would be<br />
the means of my husband and I keep~ng our great love<br />
and trust and respect for each other<br />
A HUSBAND'S DILEMMA<br />
Dear Madam<br />
Maine<br />
the war and my husband was an av~ator I was w~th I have just fi~ushed readmg your book, "Woman and<br />
h~m In camp The ordeal of havlng a baby was qu~te the New Race," and I want to let you know how much<br />
terrlble to me then, and Sonny was born just fourteen I apprec~ate readlng same You see, ~t 1s not only In<br />
months after we were marrled Then there were no more New York your books are read, but also down here in the<br />
untll baby g~rl, SIX months ago<br />
small towns of Ma~ne, and I th~nk every word you wr~te<br />
Now, I must tell you that my husband and I love each 1s just as ~t should be, and I beheve that every man and<br />
other devotedly, and e~ther would do or suffer anyth~ng woman, marr~ed or slngle, would be a whole lot better off<br />
for the other Perhaps all th~s sounds ideal to you, and ~f they would read ~t, as there IS a whole lot of educat~on<br />
~t would be ~f ~t were not for one th~ng, wh~ch haunts me to learn from ~t, especially among the poorer classes of<br />
day and mght The only reason I had no more bab~es people, whch 1s the majonty of those who have to suffer<br />
IS because of my husband's great self-control He prom- most by havlng a large famly I, for one (although a<br />
lsed me I should not have any more babies ~f I d~dn't want man), have suffered a whole lot on account of havlng too<br />
them But last year the ~nev~table happened and I be- many chddren, not because I wanted them, but just be<br />
came pregnant Hanng just come to Callfornla, w~th no cause they happened to come along I have been marmoney<br />
but a small salary, and my father helpless and r~ed sixteen years and we have had s= chlldren So far,<br />
dependent on us, I was desperate for a t~me, although I I have been able to glve my famlly a good home and have<br />
d~d want another baby for Sonny s sake So we managed lived fairly well, but my wife haa always been %cry s~chly<br />
by do~ng w~thout everythlng but bare necess~t~es, and<br />
borrowing money, for whlch we are st111 In debt I<br />
She has kdney trouble and also has been operated on for<br />
different klnds of stomach troubles, also IS very nervous<br />
wouldn't m~nd belng poor, ~f I d~dn't have to llve In The four chlldren are healthy, but the last two were sevenccnstant<br />
fear of becomlng pregnant agaln That 16 month bab~es, one lived seven months and one died after<br />
mak~ng us both unhappy, and ~t 1s spolllng something three weeks After both these chldren were born, w~fe<br />
very preclous In our lives My husband says he can't was slck almost cont~nually, In bed for seven or e~ght
nth8 God knows I d ~d not want my dear mfe to have<br />
many chlldren, but what could I do, I myself was what<br />
I am twenty-mne years old, and have three chlldren,<br />
w~th JUS~ s~xteen months' d~fference between each one, the<br />
ou wdl call careful, but th~ngs dl happen, and my wmfe oldest bang four years old<br />
111 not have anythlng done to her In any way to get rtd Last November I became pregnant just after I weaned<br />
~t, for wh~ch I do not blame her The last t~me th~s the baby I was almost desperate and ready to do anyppened<br />
after I came home after be~ng away for three thing I had an abortlon produced the day after Thanksonths<br />
As I am a sea-captam, the first word she greeted<br />
e with after I came m through the door was "I am not<br />
glvlng and on the 17th of December I began to flow and<br />
did not stop untd the 16th of January, hanng three<br />
lng to hve w~th you as man and w~fe any longer You<br />
n do as you please, get a divorce or anyth~ng, but we<br />
hemorrhages dur~ng that t~me, and finally hanfig a second<br />
operat~on After that my husband refused to even<br />
cons~der such a th~ng agam, and as we could get no means<br />
Now, thts struck me l~ke a thunderstorm, you may of prevent~on we dcc~ded to absta~n ent~rely<br />
ne Of course, I would never th~nk of dlvorc~ng or<br />
g her, as up untd then we had always been as two<br />
, ever slnce we got marned, but she was so very<br />
I cannot tell you, Mrs Sanger, how thms has changed<br />
my hfe, or rather our l~ves I feel as though we are<br />
bound for a b~g smash very soon, unless I can find some<br />
ought up and scared that she d ~d not know what she<br />
a~d, and the doctor had told her that she had a very sllm<br />
means of establ~sh~ng normal relat~ons between us once<br />
more<br />
ance to he, whch, of course, made mt worse stlll Thls<br />
TERRIBLE QUARRELS<br />
now fifteen months slnce ths happened, my w~fe and I<br />
Dear Mrs Sanger<br />
Oh0<br />
ep m separate rooms when I am home, wh~ch IS about<br />
I have just fimshed redng your book, "Woman and<br />
ee mghts In every two or three months I st111 love<br />
the New Race " What a wonderful message you have for<br />
y mfe and want to be a true husband, but as I am st111<br />
women Your book 1s a great hght to them, and hke<br />
young man what can I do, my w~fe 1s a very affect~onate<br />
many more before me, I am comng to you for muformaoman,<br />
but cool as an iceberg She IS the best of mlfe<br />
t~on Please help me<br />
and mother I have never In these fifteen months tned to<br />
I am the oldest of slx lmvmg chddren, and have been<br />
force my wlfe to sleep w~th me, but have told her I th~nk<br />
marr~ed for nearly three years My husband 1s only of<br />
enough of her to leave her alone If I d ~d not love her<br />
the work~ng class, but we are try~ng to work together to<br />
as I do I don't th~nk I would eve her such a prouuse, but<br />
have a home and a place for our chmldren I have a<br />
it don't do me any good as far as my health 1s concerned<br />
baby boy ten months old He 1s such a strong, healthy<br />
I know that I am today a whole lot d~fferent from what<br />
boy that nurslng h~m has taken a great deal of my<br />
I used to be I am ~rntated every t~me when my wde<br />
strength I am always t~red, completely worn out NOW,<br />
even talks to any of our men fauuly fnends, but I cannot<br />
don't th~nk I am selfish and don't want any more chlldren<br />
help ~t Wtll you help us to l~ve a natural l~fe agaln, as<br />
because I do, but I would l~ke at least two or three years<br />
we used to, by gvlng me ~nformat~on wh~ch you possess<br />
between them- t~me to regaln my strength so my next<br />
In order to control blrth, d so, I wdl be very thankful to<br />
baby can have the same g~ft of health as the first one<br />
Sometimes when I thmnk of how my mother has to do -<br />
I "SEPARATION OR DEATH TO ME'' of course ~t ~sn't so bad now, as the ch~ldren are gettmng<br />
older - ~t makes my heart s~ck The terr~ble quarrels<br />
Dear Mrs Banger Pennsylvama between her and father, and now I know what they were<br />
I am a woman twenty-one years old I have bcen all about Father slanng hunself away and mother<br />
marned nearly three years One year after we were mar- worned, weak and hv~ng In dread all the tlme Help me,<br />
ned a baby erl was born to us I was smck for a long so my marrmed hfe wdl not be that way - so that my<br />
t~me and the doctor adv~sed me to have no more chddren,<br />
chddrcn mll be a jog and a hless~ng, and not a burden<br />
that ~f I brought another chdd Into the world ~t would to themselves and to soc~ety<br />
lull me I told my husband th~s, and kept away from lum,<br />
wh~ch caused trouble He hardly ever stays home ~n the<br />
evemng any more, sometmmes he don't come home for<br />
several days and never asks me to go along So I pray<br />
you wdl adolse me what to d~ prevent havtng any more<br />
ch~ldren If you wd grant me ths, I can galn back my<br />
husband's love and agaln be h~s wmfe Othennse, ~t wdl<br />
mean separahon or death to me<br />
A CASE FOR CONTROL<br />
Arkansas<br />
Dear Madam<br />
I am the wmfe of a hard-worlung poor farmer I have<br />
been marned two years and seven months I have had<br />
one mscarnage, and am the mother of two sweet baby<br />
erls, age 18 months and 5 months I would not take the<br />
world for them mf I could, but I feel ~t would be wrong<br />
"BOUND FOR A BIG SMASH"<br />
Dear Mrs Sanger<br />
New York<br />
For the past two years I have been a reader of your<br />
to bnng others into the world when I haven't the means<br />
to take good care of them<br />
I have learned of your noble work, and read some of<br />
your books, so I am applying to you for the knowledge I<br />
books and greatly adrmred your courage and fearlessness have not gamed, a method of Bmrth Control
Children<br />
A Playlet<br />
By CORALIE HAMAN<br />
HE PLACE is the street before Mrs O'Fla- 1st Boy Cheese it, here wmes the Missus<br />
T herty's backyard fence The house bemg on 2nd Boy Aw, she can't do nothin' She's only a<br />
the corner, the yard has a slde fence Thls forms woman<br />
the back of the stage, takmg the place of the back- Mrs 0'Flahert.y Can't I thin' An 'phwat do<br />
drop or a room wall Above it is seen the wall of a yez take me for? Tis a woman who's borne every<br />
tenement house, wtth hes of clothes hung out to wan av yez, more sorrow to her Git out o' here, ye<br />
dry The fence is plastered with an advertisement scut! Git!<br />
-two enormous heads and shoulders of men- 3rd Boy C'mon, you fellers We'll fight ~t out<br />
smolung So and So's superb cigarettes-Smoke down the street Ye can't do nothin' when there's<br />
Them and You'll Smoke No Other The gate mto women around C'mon!<br />
the yard opens in the middle of the left one (from (They go out ~~s O'Flaherty 1s left alone<br />
the auhence) of these heads, fPmng a most bizarre She comes down the steps and sweeps up the poeffect<br />
It ls shut when the cuntaln rises and re- tato-peelings, put them mto the box and clamps<br />
nlalns SO for a moment for time to gve the au&ence on the hd with a bang She 1s muttermg It hethe<br />
full beauty of the effect There are two or three comes au&ble )<br />
steps from the gate to the street, as the yard 1s<br />
Mrs O,Flaherty Glory be to 3Tls a pest<br />
higher than the pavement There are ash-cans and<br />
the children are That cUy l (She peers mto angarbage<br />
boxes picturesquely grouped t' the right other box ) 1 wonder whimver 1s the cornof<br />
the steps ) the gate Is opened a<br />
of in'! He does be gettm' later and later all the tome<br />
Iron paper htter, etc 9 can be seen 1 wonder does he tm the City pays for *y-<br />
theyard It 1s the accumulation of years and looks m, away Sure, ,tls smothered<br />
ashes I am (She<br />
SO<br />
seats herself on the steps and looks back through<br />
Tm TrME UI The people are The the gate ) Ah, an' is t yerself Mrs O'Rourkel<br />
Ch'ldren~ Mr8 O'F2aherty~ Mr8 O~Ourke~ Mr8 Come out wance an' sit on the shteps till we talk a<br />
Johnson, Gweppe, Luella, Lucgt, Anme, Jz~n b~t<br />
Presently a mob of children of all ages, tattered,<br />
ragged, dlrty, come tumbhng out of the gate They<br />
bang the gate open (~t opens southward) and tum-<br />
ble out Two boys are the centre of mterest They<br />
are fighting, clenched m sullen fury, perfectly SI-<br />
lent The others egg them on mth cnes of-<br />
1st Boy Go it, Snnodles Eat the head off him<br />
2nd Boy Soak 'im one in the eye, Smtzer<br />
1st Boy It want Snoodles fault-Give 'im what<br />
for?<br />
2nd Boy Was too I seen 'im<br />
3rd Boy Ah, go chase yerself The Smtzer be-<br />
gun it<br />
4th Boy Dldn't do no such a thmg Eat 'un<br />
&ve !<br />
(Nos 1 and 2 put then fingers m them mouths<br />
and whistle Instantly a mob of boys rush m from<br />
left and right, that 1s to say from up and down the<br />
street They begm to fight There is a free-for-<br />
all, punctuated by cat-calls, whistles, yells, etc , the<br />
gvls jumpmg up and down at the back of the<br />
stage They begn to get potato peehngs from the<br />
boxes and throw them at each other Suddenly<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty comes through the gate mth an<br />
upraised broom She proceeds to lay about her<br />
She is a powerfully built Irish woman of 40 or 45)<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Sure, that was the grand s h&g<br />
I saw from me windy just now Whahver ads<br />
the young wans at all7<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Sure, an' I don't know-un-<br />
less Pis too manny of thlm there are They do be<br />
gettin' m each Ither's way all the tome<br />
Mrs O'Rourke An' how manny do you be hav-<br />
In' for the love o' God? Are all thun yours?<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Is lt a fish you thk I am,<br />
Mrs O'Rourke7 Tm of 'em's rmne, an' thot's twice<br />
too manny, so ~t 1s<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Whsht now! What for a way<br />
is thak ut be speakm' o' chdder?<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty An' ~f yez had as manny as I<br />
have, Mrs O'Rourke, ye'd spake thot same way, so<br />
ye would<br />
Mw O'Rourke I would not thm<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Oh, whlsht! How km yez tell<br />
tlll ye've had 'em7 Yez don't seem able to hev so<br />
manny an' tls the Lord's blessm' for you, so ~t 1s<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Why thm, don't yez do some-<br />
thmg about it7 Somethm' to kape yerself from<br />
ham' so many2 I've heard tell there's a way, but<br />
I don't nghtly know just what ~t 1s at all<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Sure, Mrs O'Rourke, 'tis the<br />
free-thinker ye awl Ah there, Mrs Johnson?
ow's the fome day md you? (Enter from the left<br />
au&encels mew-pod-Mrs Johnson, colored<br />
e 1s stout, black and amable-about 50 )<br />
Pllrs Johnson Good mohnm'! Good m o M<br />
Here! Take part o' the shteps<br />
o thankye Ths box'll do me<br />
box Sits on lt Slghs ) Um-<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Sure, thot's a slgh fit to lull a<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty What ads ye at all7<br />
h's whte lahes hke you<br />
set down wld 'em hke<br />
Mrs O'Flahery Sure an' I don't know why they<br />
shouldn't As I sez to the odd man-Mr O'Fla-<br />
herty, you know-sure, I sez, the good Lard musts<br />
wanted naygers thot way--excusm7 yer presence,<br />
Mrs Johnson--er he wouldn't 'a ' made 'em hke he<br />
&d He must o' made some folks naygers because<br />
he hked 'em hke thot<br />
Mrs Johnson An' dats true, Ma'am Dat sut-<br />
tmgly IS true But mos' whte folks don' see lt dat<br />
way No ma'am! Its you low-down mggah, pt<br />
offen de earf I wants lter walk on ht maself! Well,<br />
let 'em. I don' wants ter walk whar no white folks<br />
IS lessen dey's frien'ly wlf me, hke you-all IS I'se<br />
gwme be fnen's mf anybody what's fnen's mf me<br />
But lf dey amt, I alnt Dar now<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Throo fer you!<br />
Mrs Johnson But what were you lahes tallun'<br />
erbout ez I come by? Sompm' about ham' too<br />
many chdlen, wan't lt? Dey suttlnly is a slew of 'em<br />
round heah. I don' see how you all untangles 'em<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Oh, the poor ignorant cray-<br />
thur !<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Well, if ye was Cathohc ye'd<br />
know thot the praste does be teh' us to have as<br />
manny chldren as we can<br />
Mrs Johnson Wha' for'<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty For the honor and glory o' the<br />
Cathohc Church, so it is<br />
Mrs O'Rourke An' by thot same token I won-<br />
der how hs Rlverence would lolke the job av a large<br />
famlly! I wonder what would he do wit it all<br />
Sure, 'tls a clever man he was to be a praste<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty But why do yez be talkm'<br />
about our children, Mrs Johnson' Sure, yez do be<br />
havm' as manny yerself, now?<br />
Mrs Johnson Dat's true, ma'am Dat suttingly<br />
IS true But its caze I wants 'em I don' need no<br />
pnest to tell me ter hev chlllen No ma'am! (Rich<br />
negro laugh Becomes senous ) 'S' true mos' on<br />
'ems dald But dat camt be helped now 'S' de<br />
Lawd's wlll, I reckon<br />
Mrs O'Rourke 'TIS not the Lard's mll, I do be<br />
thmkm' 'Tis the ignorance av us poor human mor-<br />
tals If we &dn' have so manny chlldren 'tls out av<br />
lths muck we could be gttm'<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty God knows 'tls falr strangled<br />
we axre wid 'em<br />
Mrs O'Rourke An' tab' care o' the famly,<br />
tryin' to find food for 'em at all An' just as ye<br />
thnk ye can gt away somewheres, along cooms<br />
anlther wan, an' hes ye doon to ths hell, an' whlle<br />
ye're ham' a new wan, wan av the Ithers dies on<br />
ye Oh, 'tls a dog's hfe, so it is<br />
Mrs O'Flahemty 'TIS clever av a man to Be a<br />
praste or a woman to be a nun, so lt is<br />
Mrs Johnson Excuse me, ma'am! Excuse me<br />
But effen de Cathohc Church done set so much sto'<br />
by chlllen, why don' dose priestees and nunsleswhy<br />
don' dey pt mahy (marry) an' have a lot o'<br />
chlllen?<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty (pitymgly) Now, thot's a fool-<br />
~sh question, so ~t is Sure, yez don't understand at<br />
all The prastes an' nuns can't pt marr~ed<br />
Mrs Johnson Dey camt gt mahed' What's ter<br />
pervent 'em?<br />
y Thots just what I was asap' Mrs O'Rourke 'Tls the law av the Cathohc<br />
An' she says (pomtmg to Mrs O'Rourke) why Church<br />
don't yez have fewer? An' I sez, what would the Mrs Johnson Uh-huh! Who done make dat<br />
praste say to thot at all'- Would he hear to the law 2<br />
lolkes o' that? He would not<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Oh, fer the love o' God'<br />
Mrs Johnson 'Scuse me for am', Ma'am Mrs Johnson Hit shore do 'peah to me de beat-<br />
'Scuse me But what does de priest done got ter ]nest t'ing, dat a chu'ch wants a lot o' chlllun m dat<br />
do w~d it?<br />
chu'ch, an' den done keep huh pahsons an' huh lady<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Oh, fer the love o' God! Sure, deacons unrnahled-lt sho' do! Uh-ha-ha! Effen I<br />
'hs not a Cathohc ye aue, Mrs Johnson was dat Cathohc Chu'ch an' wanted chillen so bad,<br />
Mrs Johnson No, ma'am' I'se Sutheran, I IS, I'd say "Look-a-heah, folks, effen you-all wants<br />
yes, ma'am!<br />
ter be pahsons an' deaconesses In dis heah chu'ch,
you JUS' nachelly gotta gt mahed, an' yeh gotta<br />
have de mos' tremenjous fambleys dat evah was, an'<br />
what's mo', yuh gob ralse 'em, too An' dat's<br />
eome job! You heah me! Yas, ma'am! Uh-ha-ha!<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Oh, go 'way md yer foohshness<br />
Sure, 'tls ba-ad enough ~t 1s already, wldout the<br />
prastes an nuns marrym' too<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty An' thot's God's truth, so it 1s<br />
(Pause ) Do ye know what I do be wlshn' most<br />
av the tome?<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Phwat is it, then2<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty (dreamdy) I do be wantm' a<br />
two-story house all to mesa-not thot I'm not hk-<br />
m' you as a lodger, Mrs O'Rourke-sure, 'tls not<br />
thot at all-but I do be wantm' a house all to me-<br />
sllf an' me famly, wid a hbtle plot o' grass m front,<br />
an ' maybe a shtrlp av lt along the curb md trees<br />
an' flowers In it I seed 'em oncet, up to the park<br />
My, they was llhgant, an' all the folks slttm' so<br />
proud-hke an' grand, on thew front porches or on<br />
thew shteps, an' the men cuttm' the grass m then<br />
shlrt sleeves! Oh, it was won'erful! Thot styhshl<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Good mam' Mrs Johnson (actmng) Good mom, ma'am,<br />
good mohmn'! Won' you-all res' yo' wraps? Kd<br />
o' col' today, am't lt, ma'am? Yas, ma'am!" Den<br />
I takes yo' wrap an' I perambulates ovah to de<br />
cahved easy cha~h-dat's dis soap-box-an' I deposits<br />
yo' wrap onto lt, aftah smoothm' down de<br />
velvet (Makes appropr~ate motlons ) Dar!<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty and Mrs O'Rourke (mdeeyed)<br />
Good gosh a'rmghty!<br />
Mrs Johnson Uh-ha-ha!<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Ha-ha-ha!<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty (wistfully) I msht I could see<br />
thot lady oncet Maybe now, she could help us out<br />
o' thls! I'd thry most anythln', so I would 'Tls<br />
fa~r desperate I am<br />
Mrs Johnson Well now, I'll tell yuh what I'l<br />
do Some time when I goes dar I'll say (speaks<br />
plamtlvely) "Mrs Mohganschan, I am't feeh' so<br />
well dese days Lemrne gve some o' yo' wash to a<br />
frien' o' m e " Dat'll be you She'll come up<br />
But there now, 'tls no use thmkm' av thot I km<br />
heah an' gt ~t f'om you," I'll say<br />
niver have ~ t, w~d de chdder cormn' so fast as they Mrs O'Flaherty I can't wash<br />
do Mrs Johnson Don' have ter I'll jus' say, "I<br />
Mrs O'Rourke m v e r was ye thot long dls- knows a whlte lady dat wants a job, an' I'll ax 'er<br />
tance away?<br />
up-if dat'll be pleasm' to you-an' you km gve 'er<br />
Mrs O'Flahenty Oh, I scraped the car-fare to- yo' clo'es " Den she'll wave 'er hands an' say, "01,<br />
OI! gther an' I took the longest car-rlde I could hd, But you got surnpm' up yer sleeve, I betcher<br />
an' I got clear out to the park Thm I walked Wat for a t'mg is it you should get yer f rien's a job<br />
about a bit on the grass, near a great b ~g lake md by me! But its all nght, all right " An' den you<br />
rale water m lt-an' all the trees oop-side doon m goes in an' she gves you de clo'es, an' maybe you<br />
~t, loike, except where there was waves My, but km ax 'er den or nex' tune what you wants ter<br />
lt was purty ! Thm I saw the httle houses I'm tell- know An' out In de htchen I'll gt me a couple o'<br />
in' ye about-a whole row av 'em on both sides the cakes an' m de alley we km swap bundles<br />
shtreet Thm I tuk anlther car home I had a Mrs O'Flaherty All nght! I'll do it! An' wdl<br />
foine tolme<br />
I brmg Mrs O'Rourke along?<br />
Mrs Johnson Uh-huh' Listen, whlte folks! I Mrs Johnson Sholy! Why not? 'S'nuf<br />
knows a lady what hves dalh all the time She done (there's enough) fo' every one An' I am't one ter<br />
got a apahtment Huh name's Mohganschem She fergit fnen's what's bm ez Inn' ter me a you-& IS<br />
am't got so many chdlen I ax 'er how come, an' Well, s'long, ladies I gstter be mom' 'S' near<br />
she say, she tell me one er dese days We'se fnen's, four, an' I'se gotter be dah at half-pas' three, an'<br />
me an' dat whte lady Yas, ma'am<br />
it takes an hour ter gt dah Seen yo' soon (Plcks<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty How did you gt to know her? up her basket of clothes and goes out ) G'bye<br />
Mrs Johnson How come I knows 'er? I does Mrs O'Flaherty and Mrs O'Rourke (chg afup<br />
'er clo'es, an' now an' den, when she gve a tea, ter her) 'Bye<br />
1's ax de ladles m at de do', lak &s (She gets up Mrs O'Flaherty Sure, I'll be goin' to thot place<br />
and goes off a lrttle way and faces them ) Yuh 1s Morganscheln? Mor- Why, there was a Jewstandm'<br />
outslde de do', I is openm' t f'om mslde ish gyurl hved near where I used to be before I was<br />
Glve me good-mornm'l<br />
marrlt There was a fellar sweet on 'er Seems to<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Phwat you meant<br />
me h ~s name was Morganschem-he was a peddler<br />
Mrs Johnson Fo' Gawd's sake! I mean, say They do be makm' lots o' money wan way an'<br />
good mohmn' to me<br />
mther Could it be the same, now2<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty What fer? It am't marnm' Mrs O'Rourke 'Tis not lolkely, I'm t e n '<br />
Sure, 'tls afthernoon<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty (calls) Mrs Johnson! Oh,<br />
Mrs Johnson Oh, fer -! So I km show you come hack a mnute I want ya (Enter Mrs<br />
what I does Go on<br />
Johnson ) Sure, what was the unmarnt name o'
<strong>September</strong>, 1923<br />
:hat Mrs Morganschem yez was tallun' about?<br />
What was her fist name at all?<br />
Mrs Johnson Don' know'm But her husband<br />
2alls her "Sweet~e" Uh ha-ha1 She walk lak<br />
hs (Imtates )<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty I'd know thot walk anywhere<br />
'Tis the same There was mver but the wan walk<br />
loike thot<br />
Mrs Johnson I gotta go G'bye<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty and Mrs O'Rourke 'Bye<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty 'TIS the same<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Do yez tell me thot, now? Well,<br />
well! An' mll yez go up there?<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty I wdl thot, an' see ~f she km<br />
help us anny An' aven ~f she could not, 'twould<br />
be a rest I want to gt away f'om here once m a<br />
whlle 'TIS falr tuckered out I am w~d de chldren<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Ye'll not be puttm' the comether<br />
on me lolke thot I wouldn't have yer rotten k~ngs<br />
-heathen pagans, they was! Slnn Femer (The<br />
two women rlse, hands on hlps, and glare Then<br />
they suddenly burst out laughmg )<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Oh, s ~t doon, s ~t doon! There's<br />
no k~ngs m Amerlky-unless maybe 't~s the landlord<br />
Sit doon now, an' tell me what do yez make<br />
av ~t at all<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Sure, now, they bem' Eyetahans,<br />
't~s not alsy Yez mver know phwat he'll do from<br />
wan mute to the next, st~ck a kmfe m ye, or make<br />
love to ye<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty There's both love-mahn' an'<br />
hres in thls, I'm thrhn' What does be mam'<br />
thot feather-headed Luella ad thot way, a-makm'<br />
love to her husband's own nephew?<br />
an' de ashes an' all An' (loohng around caut~ously<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Shure, 't~s too manny chlldren<br />
and lower~ng her vo~ce) an' there's more nor me<br />
Gmseppe had by hs first w~fe--Luella's fau<br />
what 1s out-done wld 'em<br />
swamped w~d 'em-an' one comn' to hers~lf, ~f I'm<br />
Mrs O'Rourke (meamngly) Ye manenot<br />
mstaken She can't bear the look av hm<br />
Mrs O'Flahertv " (nods) I do An' have ve<br />
\<br />
heard the latest'<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty An' dldn't he tell 'er he had the<br />
Mrs O'Rourke I'll not be know~n' whether %s<br />
hds?<br />
the latest or not-but sure, I do be knomn' some- Mrs O'Rourke He &d not<br />
thnl--<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty But whm he s~nt over for her<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Is ~t Luella 't~s about? to Italy'<br />
Mrs O'Rourke 'TIS thot same<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Oh, the padrone fixed all thot<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Sure, an' phwat do yez be mak- An' wholver heard of a go-between who told the<br />
m' av ~t at all ?<br />
truth? There'll be trouble there before we be done<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Phwat do I make av ut? Is ~t wld ~ t, I'm telh' ye<br />
thot ye're askin' me?<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty mshtt Here they come<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Them were me worrds now Gu~seppe leadm', carrym' hs fiddle, pretend-<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Well, thm--sure now, phwat do m' (to be bhnd<br />
yez make av ~t yersllf)<br />
Mrs O'Rourke How Luella does be hatm' thot !<br />
Mrs O'Flahenty He's good-loohn'<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty An' thm Luella, thm Lu~g<br />
Mrs O'Rourke The odd wan?<br />
My, he's the handsome lad, even ~f he IS a Dago!<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Na! The young wan Who- Llsten to '~m smgn'! What a p~ty 'twasn't hlm<br />
lver heerd tell av an ould man bein' good-lookin' Luella-husht !<br />
when there was a young man aroond)<br />
Lmg~ (smgs off-stage) Che bella cosa' (etc )<br />
Mrs O'Rourke But 't~s marnt to the ould wan (They come m Gmseppe 1s the average grumpy<br />
she IS<br />
banana-sellmg, hand-organ type of American Ital-<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty An' thot' God's truth But Ian about 50 Luella 1s sufEc~ently attractivewboiver<br />
heard tell av bein' marnt to a man mahn' shawl, no hat, earnngs She 1s about 20, Luig IS<br />
hlm good-lookin') 'Tls most often the other way about %-handsome, careless, harmless, a rose beabout,<br />
more's the plty<br />
h~nd hs ear He 1s sunny and gay He IS mahng<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Well, thm, phwat do yez thmnk? extravagant mock love to Luella, who laughs at<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty I don't thmk I watch h~m Guiseppe looks on sourly The Ir~shwomen<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Thrue fer you<br />
are all eyes Lmg fimshes the stanza and chorus<br />
Mrs O'Flahertv If thev was O~r~sh I'd know wh~le wavlng Luella ceremomously to a seat on the<br />
what to thlnk<br />
soap-box Gmseppe takes oE hs bhnd make-up )<br />
Mrs O'Rourke msht then! Would vez be Luella Graz~e Lmgi per cantare Com' 'Itaha<br />
runnm' doon the Omsh loike thot?<br />
la bellislma!<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty I'm not a-runnm' down the Mrs O'Flaherty Phwat does she be say1n'-she<br />
Olrlsh If ~t cooms to thot, my folks was descended don't talk Engl~sh plam-like<br />
from the Olrlsh kmgs-God rest them souls! Ye Mrs O'Rourke Enghsh! 'Tis Eyetahan Lu~g,<br />
ould Ulstente!<br />
phwat does she be saym' at all?
Lug1 She say dat song-a rermn' her of Itaha Eez dmty, eez ugly, where poor folks leeve Eez<br />
so beautiful! (He blows a luss mto the an ) too crowded Where reech folks leeve, eez plenta<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty An' so dmty While here- room Eez all da same-a, Roma, Napoh, New<br />
(she looks at the ash-can and poster)-um-ah, York, London--em all da same-a<br />
well-'bs comfortable, at army rate Luella Na, Guseppe, m Itaha, eez vau' dee-<br />
Luella Ho, freddo I'm cold Is lt always cold ferent-a<br />
here m Amer~ca? Gulseppe G~al E vero, m da country where you<br />
Mrs O'Rourke Well, colhh-whn mt lsn't come from But m da clty eez all da same-a-too<br />
scorchm' the lo~fe out av yez many people-too many chddren-troppo bamblnl<br />
Luella (sighs) Oh, 1 wish I was back there m I gotta get drunk sometunes to forget ~t all Ab-<br />
Itaha SI, eet eea so &berent-e here I don' hke smthe! Ah! das lovely &-&-das -k-a you<br />
No m place Non Oh, Lwp, play for me to forgd-ah!<br />
dance I mus' get warm Ho tanto freddo Luella Don't, Guseppe Don't d d no more<br />
(Lu1@ grabs Gwseppe's vloh and plays "Che You're ugly after you've been dreenkm' Don't!<br />
bella COS~" m fast t~me Luella dances ) Oh, Ho tunore I'm afraid You don' bow what<br />
Lulp, play faster, faster Dansaf SI you're dom' after you've been drmkm' Don',<br />
Gmseppe Cessar Che cosa! What a thmg to Gulseppe<br />
do' Non e Itaha E Amenka Gmseppe I gotta, Luella I gotta have some-<br />
Lu1.P An' mus' not people dance m America' thm' to make me forget, per Dlo! (He rushes<br />
Luella Non, oh, non out down the street )<br />
G ~ s ~ (to P P Lug) ~ You all da tune-a tell her Luella An' don' you suppose I wanta forget?<br />
to do more foohshness What 1s between You two 0 Dlo mo! (Pause ) SI, m da country, m Itaha,<br />
-hem? eez very deeferent-a Where I leev-a eez a leetla,<br />
Lug (moclungl~) Oh, go 0% ole monkey small town-plenta of room-beeg, open-alr an' da<br />
(Gulseppe thatens him Non9 Guseppe, parlo festa-samt9s day all da tlme-a Lots of fun, mu-<br />
al bumbo q~ (mdates Luella) to speaks to da slca, fiorl-flowers Here--non, m mente High<br />
leetla monk f houses, fire-escapes, clothes, chldren Oh, DIO mo,<br />
Guseppe You are not a true Itahan, non e vero de chldren-bmbm-a sono troppo-how you<br />
Itaheno De Napoh-Napoh-Naples not true my ?-too much, too many-sl<br />
Italy Mrs O'Rourke Jus' phwat I was saym'<br />
Lug SI sono Itahano Naples 1s veramente Luella ~d den G ~ ~ ~<br />
Italla padrone say he was beeg man, fine house, lots o'<br />
G ~ S ~ Nan! P P Roma ~ Sono da &)ma. Rome ls man' 'E he 1 Che mentone ! How 'e he!<br />
Italy non advance threatemgl~ Mrs O'Flahe*y You don't love the ma-an,<br />
on each other )<br />
Luella?<br />
Oh* be fnen's-amcl Eet ees all Luella Oh Lover 1 don't love no<br />
Italla now Eshtl dl ltaha-Umkd<br />
C1 sono troppo bambm-too mangr children<br />
he sen' fov me D~<br />
Italy Is Is Italy Vene- -why 1 love a m& They make you have<br />
'la, Flrenze, Mllano, Two-how you my, Vemce, more bambm-more &ldren<br />
Florence, Mdan, Turm, are Italy Its all Italy- plccolo--so small<br />
--<br />
SL<br />
Lug (relaxmg) E-vero<br />
Guseppe 'S' true<br />
Luella Oh, I msh I was back there now Oh!<br />
(She half sobs ) I'm homeslck<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty (hdly) Shure, th, ye<br />
mustn't be down-hearted 'Tls not used to all ths<br />
ye arre But ye'll soon pt to lake our ways Ths<br />
1s Amenca. 'TIS very hfferent 'TIS har-rd fer a<br />
foreigner to gt used to t all at first<br />
Luella SI, e dlfferente m Itaha E vero An'<br />
IS all Amencan lak dls? So ugly! So-<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Well, now, I don't say aU But<br />
the most part IS, all thot I lver see, at anny rate<br />
Isn't thot so, Gmseppe?<br />
Gulseppe Eet eez so-where poor folks leeve<br />
But eet eez always so m Itaha, m Roma, m Napoh<br />
(Pause ) Gmseppe<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty YIS There am't much b~g<br />
about Gmseppe exelpt hs appet~te I had 'un for<br />
boarder oncet-m between hs &st wfe an' Luella<br />
here (LuI~ has gone out and comes back mth a<br />
bundle m a handkerhef on a stlck )<br />
Lug Good-bye, Luella, adlo!<br />
Luella Where you gom', Lmg? What you<br />
dom' mth dat bundle?<br />
Lug I'm gom' away<br />
Luella Oh non, Lmg, oh non<br />
Lug SI, ma cara, I gobta go My uncle, he<br />
watch-a me all da tune-a I'm mth you I gotta go<br />
Luella Ah, Luip, don' go, don' go, an' leeve me<br />
all alone w~d de ole man You're hke Itaha to me<br />
Oh, don' go You're yong-a He's ole E veccho,<br />
troppo vecchlo (To Mrs O'Flaherty) Don't let
<strong>September</strong>, 1923<br />
'un go 'E's hke home He's hke my young-a Mrs O'Rourke Wdl she have '1m7<br />
brother Don' go, Lup, don' go<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty I'm thmnkm' she won't She'd<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty (After a glance at Mrs be the great fool if she rhd She's me oldest an' all<br />
O'Rourke) Perhaps now, bs best he should go Lu- her lo~fe she's been wan o' thm liMle mothers the<br />
ella Gmseppe was lookm' at the two av yez hndo r~ch folk do be telhn' about She's had her share<br />
quare-lo~ke<br />
o'motherm' I'm t e n ' she doesn't want anny<br />
Luella But we am' dam' notbng-a (nothmg) more But shure now, let's go lnto the ya-ard, an'<br />
Lmg got a grrl m da factory<br />
gve 'un a chanct 'TIS a fome, upstandm' fellah<br />
Lu~g E vem 'S' so<br />
he IS, when all's sa~d an' done<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Thot may all be true enough, Mrs O'Rourke They're talk~n' over somethm'<br />
but shure, an ole man w~d a yoong w~fe does not be awful earnest<br />
wantm' a yoong man around all the tome Lug Mrs O'Flaherty Most lo~ke bs about the taxes<br />
IS ro~ght, Luella 'Tis best he should go er the h~gh cost o' hvm' er such-lo~ke<br />
Luella But what'll I do all alone? Lu~g IS lak Mrs O'Rourke Thot's a quare thmg for lovers<br />
da sunsh~ne Gu~seppe 1s lak da storm-cloud to be talkm' about, ento~rely<br />
Lmg IS lak Itaha Gmseppe IS lak America Non Mrs O'Flaherty An' 'tis quare lovers they ar-re<br />
rm place qu I don' lak ~t here I want to go back the two av thm They're both mterested m such<br />
to Itaha Oh! Oh!<br />
thmgetho some of the talk IS he's dom' Its<br />
Mrs O'Rourke (Takes Lug1 by the shoulder trym' to hole 'm off, she 1s Tho, for mesllf, I'd<br />
and sends hun firmly but kmdly ,off down the be gla-ad to see '~m g~t 'er Come on m now wance<br />
street)<br />
tdl we eve 'm a chanct (They go mto the yard<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Cheer up Luella Whm yer and close the gate Jim and h e come m, from<br />
baby comes yez won't feel so badly<br />
down the street, left)<br />
Luella (Desperately) I don' want no baby h e An' that man ye spoke of, that all the<br />
I tmk I try dat dodoredat operazlone papers are talkm' about, do ye tell me he's been m<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Oh no, chdd! Yez musn't be soMary confinement for thrty years? Sure there's<br />
afther thmnhn' av such a thmg Yez mustn't be no mercy m that<br />
afther thmkm' av thot at all 'Tis a deadly thng to Jun 'TIS the truth They call ~t bem' merc~ful,<br />
do Shure, it mo~ght hll yez, so ~t moight but sure, ther's no sense m thot at all<br />
Luella An' why should I care eef eet does keel h e But that 1s awful Whakever he hd,<br />
me?<br />
'twas not as wlcked as that same It could not be<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty msht now' Thot's a tumble Just thnk, thlrty years! Why, ~ ts longer than I've<br />
thmg to be saym' So lt IS You're young an' been ahve An' all the fun of hfe a passm' hun<br />
strong Shure now we'll fomd a way out av ths by, no sun, no air, no people Oh! (she shudders)<br />
ylt not a seem' no one Not a talhn' to no one It don't<br />
Luella You mean-?<br />
seem poss~ble people can ad hke that to a fellow<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty Shure! I know av some one creature Why don't they send hun to hell an' be<br />
who'll tell us-whsht now, phwat I mane is- you'll done w~d 1t7 Whatever was ~t he rhd?<br />
not be nadm' to have more than the wan chdd- Jun He hlled hs w~fe<br />
you'll see TIS somethd I know Leastways I'm h e Ah now, an' sure that's ternble But<br />
gom' to fhd out Wh~sht tlun Go m now, an' dry thlnty years--oh, 't~s awful<br />
yer eyes Do now! (Luella, goes mto the yard Jm It 1s that (Pause) h e !<br />
Mrs O'Flahenty contmues to Mw O'Rourke) An' h e Yes, Jun<br />
thot's thot! But I'm glad 'tn not firtm' md Lug Jim Sure, h e , I've got somethn' to tell ye<br />
she was Oh, ay (pomtmg down the street), ithere's Its manny a tlme I've tned, but I've always been<br />
amther couple I'm mterested m<br />
sca~rt I love ye, dear, an' I want ye for me mfe<br />
Mrs O'Rourke (Look~ng down the street left h e (One vast surprise) Shure, an' IS ~t to<br />
(auhence) Oh, yls,-yer gyurl, Aame, an' thot marry you, ye do be ashn' me?<br />
b~g Jun Callahan<br />
Jun (Earnestly) It IS mdade, thm, an' well ye<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty YI~, he wants to marry her know ut<br />
Mrs O'Rourke How do yez know 7 Did he tel! h e Ah, whsht now! 'TIS fooh' ye arre<br />
Y~Z'<br />
'Tis thot red-headed Clancy gyurl ye've been mak-<br />
Mrs O'Flaherty He ad not Why would I m' up to th~s long tome past-an' t~s httle I care<br />
nade tellmy? Wh~n a b~g, red-faced ma-an lo~ke fer that same<br />
Jim grts wh~te as chalk before a wee sl~p av a gyurl Jlrn 'TIS not the lo~kes o' her I do be loom<br />
lo~ke Ame, Ol'm not nadm' he should tell me he's at Oh, come now, Alanna<br />
m love md 'er<br />
h e Go way md yez now, an' let me thmk
Jim, ye're a nice lad, I'll not be denyin' it Onlythere's<br />
somethin' I been thinkin' of thls long time<br />
past I suppose now maybe I ought not to be<br />
sayin' it, but 'tis heavy on me heant, it is<br />
Jim Say it thin, me darlmt Say it thin, whatever<br />
Anme Would we now? Would there? Oh, 'tis<br />
the hard thing to say-but round here, now, there<br />
is so manny childel-look at 'em, dirty, smvilhn',<br />
underfoot<br />
Jim (Soberlv) 'Tis the wav o' nature. Anme<br />
'Tis natGra1 for "dulder to come"to a marritwoman<br />
Not but what I'm thinkin' eight or tin is more than<br />
anny woman ought to have, an' more nor half of 'em<br />
dlin' on 'er, hke as not<br />
Arne 'Tis bitter hard,so it is, and that's God's<br />
room there is for so manny on 'em For me, I'm<br />
thinkin' I'd rather work m the factory<br />
Jim But all yer loife, Asthore?<br />
Anme 'Tis bitter hard, so it is, and that's God's<br />
truth, but that way I'll not be slavm' all day an'<br />
the noight too Whn factory work's done, its done<br />
at five or six, or whativer, an' ye do not have to be<br />
sittin' up wid it and ~t wld the croup, an' no doctor<br />
to be had, an' no medcine, an' no money<br />
Jim Ye're thnkin' o' Mrs O'Rourke's lud?<br />
Anme I am that<br />
Jim There was the charity office she could a gone<br />
to<br />
Anme Yis, an' they wantin' to know was the<br />
babby worthy before they'd gve it somethin' to<br />
help it breathe<br />
Jim They do be askin' a lot o' questions<br />
Annie Yis, an' they will not tell us how we can<br />
kape our families small I'll not be marryin' ye,<br />
Jim, till I know how to have fewer childer<br />
Jim But there is some people says its wrong,<br />
Alanna<br />
Annie It ain't wrong for the up-town women<br />
Why is it wrong fer us?<br />
Jim But the praste-<br />
Annie It does seem kindo funny whn 'hs the<br />
women who have to suffer an' de that it's the men<br />
who do be yellin' about the sin an' immorality av<br />
havin' fewer babies An' prizes given fer have'n<br />
laarge famblies-gven to the men, moind ye1 Oi've<br />
been doin' a lot o' readm' lately-<br />
Jm Yis Ye was always a gr-reat wan fer the<br />
books, Alanna<br />
Annie An' the writers do be saym' thot there<br />
can be only so n~ucll food in the wor-rld, an pasture<br />
room fer catkle an' sheep-an' if there's too manny<br />
people they won't gt fed An' the Lord knows<br />
that we don't gt hardly enough as it is, whin tomes<br />
is har-rd an' we're out av wonk<br />
Jlm<br />
ar-rmy-<br />
An' thot's true enough Now in the<br />
Bzrth Control Rernem<br />
Anrne Ah now, be shtill wid yer arrmy! W'hat<br />
way is thot-wars-to kape the population down?<br />
Why in a war its the best men gits took While, if<br />
we could kape our fambhes small 'tis loikely there'd<br />
not be so manny wars-there'd be enough fer every-<br />
body in the wan counthry An' thin, those who<br />
could not afford to have a lot o' childher would have<br />
only a few, an' they'd bring them up dacint An<br />
no wan would be starved If the counthry has one<br />
hundred milhons the counthry should see to it that<br />
those one hundred millions arre clothed, fed, shel-<br />
tered and educated Where is the sinse av breedin'<br />
childher to be killed-the boys soldiers, the gyurls<br />
prostitutes?<br />
Jim I suppose thim rich fellahs wants us poor<br />
people to have a lot o' chldher so as they km have<br />
more av 'em in their factories Childer come cheaper<br />
than grown folks<br />
Annie An' thot's Good's truth To think av those<br />
poor rmtes wearin' their lives out in the dirt an' dust,<br />
the noise and nastiness o' thm factones, instid av<br />
bein' out in God's sunshine-it fair makes yer heart<br />
ache for 'em, so it does<br />
Jim An' that's God's truth But still, Annie,<br />
dear-<br />
Arne No Jim, 1'11 not bring anny more childer<br />
into the world, the way lthings is now There's too<br />
manny av thim there is, already<br />
Jm But, Annie-<br />
Annie (Wavmg him off) An' I could not be a<br />
good mother-I could not take care av thim, me bein'<br />
tired out an' all wid hav~n' so manny av 'em An'<br />
they would be hann' no strength to start wi'th, afther<br />
the first three or four No, no, Jim, I'll not<br />
marry you-I'm thinhn' till some way 1s found to<br />
have smaller farmlies (Pause ) One ,time an<br />
up-town dodor was down here an' Mrs O'Flaherty<br />
was askm' him to tell her what he tells the<br />
uptown women-<br />
Jim You mane-<br />
Anme About how to kape them famihes small<br />
But he would not He told her the only way was<br />
not to gt married Thin she axed him, would he<br />
like to have ten or twelve children-<br />
Jim What chd he say?<br />
Annie He told her not to confound the sexesand<br />
she said she wasn't-"Confound your impudence<br />
is what I'm doin'," she told hm Jm Served him nght Thim rich uptown<br />
guys goes to the bad house around ithe corner here,<br />
an' maybe--like you said-thot's the reason they<br />
want poor people to have so many chlder--1s<br />
fer thot, an' men for workmen-Why, I've heerd<br />
a rich feller argue agmst showm' poor people how<br />
to have fewer chlldren because it would lessen the<br />
labor supply an' we'd git uppish--damn 'em! (He<br />
spits)
<strong>September</strong>, 1923<br />
Annie Oh, Jim dear, don't!<br />
or give me death Where's Luella? Too many<br />
Jim Well now, I oughtn't t've done thot Anme, chldren Troppo hambm - Gom' have another<br />
but whn I thlnk they're takm' you away from me- one Shant I'll stop ~t Can't somebody stop us<br />
oh gyurl-it's more than I can stand Tell me, if havm' so many chldren? I don' want 'em She<br />
it wasn't for the chlder, would ye marry me, Anme' don' want 'em The chldren don' want-Shay,<br />
Annie 1-1 thlnk I would, Jim (He starts to that's a funny thought E vero, now, if you was<br />
kiss her) Oh now, boy, be good Sure now, I to ask the children, "nu cari, ma dears, do you want<br />
haven't said I would-only I nught Whisht now to get horn an' come to a helluva hole lik &s-a,"<br />
-here comes Mrs Johnson<br />
dey'd say, mce an' pohte, "No grazle, if you please,<br />
Jlm But Anme, tell me-<br />
we'd rather not But nobody asks 'em an' so they<br />
Ann~e Sure now, I'll think it over Ah there, have to come Oh the poor, poor children, 1 poverl<br />
Mrs Johnson, I thought ths was the day ye wnt bambim But 1 can feex eet, an' I'm agoln' to I'm<br />
uptown<br />
agoin' to keel Luella Den she cant have any more<br />
Mrs Johnson Yesm, I done stahted, but twas so children E imposslhile Whoever heard of a dead<br />
late I'se due dar at half-pas' three, (she sits) an' woman-una morta-ham' children (Laughs)<br />
hits after four now I jus' thought I'd wait t~ll to- Here she comes now-viene (Luella comes in wearmorrer-I<br />
gt dar earlier dat way-yes'm (Gui- ily from the yard) She does not see Gmseppe He<br />
seppe comes m drunk and starts to make violent crouches and springs She falls and hits her head<br />
love (in pantomne) to Mrs Johnson She rises He is partly sobered) Oh, Dlo mol What have<br />
with flashmg eyes) You go way f'om heah, white I done? Che cosa ho fabto7 Luella, what you lym'<br />
man 1 don' want none o' yo monkey-shmes about there for? Speak grll Speak carlssuna You am'<br />
me I'se mahled to a colohed gemman, I is What gom' to leave me are you' You're just asleep alnt<br />
you think I want you ornary low-down whte trash you? Say you are, Luella Why I dldn't hit you<br />
pesterin' me foh' Huh? Glt out er (she brand- hard Now, &d I? I didn' keel you I wouldn't<br />
lshes her umbrella threatemgly) Yo' heah me? do that Luella Its havm' [too many chldren, trop-<br />
Effen you don' I'll jus' nachally lam yo' m de po bambm, that what keeled you Why I love<br />
haid wif my urnbrell! Glt<br />
you, Luella You know that, dont you, canssimal<br />
Guiseppe Per la madonna! (He goes out precip- (His volce nses to a scream) I say, Luella, dont<br />
itately)<br />
you? (He calms down) Say now, Luella, you<br />
Jim So long, Anme You'll remember? always hke music don't you? Say now, hsten to<br />
Annle I'll be thinkm' it over, Jim (Jim goes ths-musica d'Italia (He plays feroc~ously "Che<br />
down the street) Ye don't hke Guiseppe, Mrs bella cosa," etc His shadow, elongaked and huge<br />
Johnson?<br />
by the western sun is flung on the fence behind hun<br />
Mrs Johnson Who, me? No'm!<br />
Annie, Mrs Johnson, Mrs O'Flaherty, Mrs<br />
h e He's the quare wan fer a woman to take O'Rourke and Jun come rushing in, Mrs O'Flaherty<br />
and Mrs O'Rourke from out the yard Mrs<br />
Johnson, Annie and Jim from street They are<br />
aghast Jim tnes to put hs arm around Anme<br />
She is watching Gmseppe mth horror m her eyes<br />
She pushes Jim violently away without so much<br />
as glanc~ng at hun Gmseppe, totally obhvious to<br />
them, continues playlng The noise of fighting children<br />
is heard from down the street It comes nearer<br />
and grows lowder as<br />
THE CURTAIN FALLS<br />
up wid I'm afraid av hlm mesilf md thot Eye-<br />
talian drmk he does he at all the tolme 'Tis the<br />
quare guys women does be marrym' whles<br />
Mrs Johnson Yes'm, am't lt de truf?<br />
Annle I wonder now &d Luella know what he<br />
was loike? Tis the batmest to see a swate flower av<br />
a gyurl married to a thunder-storm loike him-an'<br />
if she loves Lug Yis not mesllf that'll blame her<br />
Tis harrd not to be able to have the la-ad ye love-<br />
maybe teann' yer heart out wid love av h ~m An'<br />
I don't think she lmkes Guiseppe's malung monev<br />
by pretendin' to be blind<br />
Mrs Johnson Blmd? Him? He sees all rlght<br />
He sees everythng dai ain' so Yes, ma'am<br />
Guiseppe (Off stager Bhd! Bhndl Help a poor<br />
blind man<br />
Annie Oh, lets beat it 'Tis more nor I can<br />
stand (They retreat up the street (r) as Gmseppe<br />
comes (1) up the street mumbhng and taking off<br />
his "blind" make-up)<br />
Guiseppe (Drunk) Personal hberta! In Itaha<br />
every man has liberta for get dnnk Give me libenta<br />
How do we measure ammoraZityP What u our standardP<br />
Is rt pl~ysical pain resultrng from an action? Not<br />
by any means Many of the noblest of human works have<br />
had painful physrcal conseqwmes The productvon of<br />
many a masterptece of art, hterature or rnventron has cost<br />
rts creator health, and rn some cases h~s Zrfe The measure<br />
of ammozakty as the damage done to character A<br />
man may sufer no physcal drsease whatever from some<br />
gmmoral act, but he destroys hw character He loses a<br />
great mrsswn m hu kfe He pays the great pnce, the<br />
prwe that u greater than physrcal death
Bzrth Control Re~lem<br />
THE MIDDLE WESTERN STATES<br />
BIRTH CONTROL CONFERENCE<br />
WHERE? Chcago<br />
WHEN? October 29-30-31<br />
WHY? Because -<br />
The hrgh cost of Charrtres and Correcttons rs an ever rncreasrng burden on all Ameracan<br />
communrtres<br />
The self-supportrng, self-respectrng members of socrety must shoulder the burden of the<br />
defectrve, delrnquent and dependent<br />
Publac funds that should be expended upon chrldren constrtutronally able to derrve the benefits<br />
of educatron are dtverted to strstarn the feeble-mrnded, and the unfit<br />
Socral agencres confess thew anabrlcty to strrke at the roots of these esrls<br />
To amelrorate soctal evrls as not enough<br />
WE MUST PREVENT THEMI<br />
Therefore-<br />
We are calllng together Soclal Workers, Doctors, Publlc Health Offic~als, etc to<br />
THE MIDDLE WESTERN STATES CONFERENCE<br />
which will be held In the Ball Room of the Hotel Drake, Chlcago,<br />
October 29, 30, 31, 1923<br />
MONDAY, OCTOBER 2 9 ~ ~ WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 31s~<br />
5 P M -Recept~on<br />
7-8 P M -Repstrat~on of Delegates<br />
9 30<br />
CQNSTRUCTIVE ISSUES<br />
8 P M -0penlng Meetlng<br />
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 3<br />
Morning Sess~on. 9 30<br />
Human~ty at the Crossways<br />
Soc~al Trend In Amer~ca<br />
Hered~tary Paupensm<br />
Moral Decadence<br />
0 ~ ~<br />
I<br />
Indlv~dual<br />
Health Nat~onal<br />
Raclal<br />
welfare ( kz:nal<br />
Mental<br />
~ygl''' { Soc~al<br />
Afternoon Session, 2 30<br />
Is Continence Pract~cable In Marriage?<br />
The Cost ~n Social and Sp~r~tual Values<br />
The Detenorat~on of Chlld L~fe Through Ch~ld<br />
Lrbur<br />
Feeble mlnded and the Labor Problem<br />
The Cost In Dollars and Cents of Dlsease,<br />
Defect, Delinquency and Dependency<br />
D~scussro~<br />
Stenl~zat~on-and Stenle Marnages<br />
D~scrrss~ov<br />
2 30<br />
Report of Amencan Blrth Control League Actlv~tles<br />
Hlstory of Lepslat~on-Federal and State<br />
Even~ng Sesslon, 8 00<br />
For Med~cal Profession only<br />
Methods of Contraception<br />
7 P M - Dlnner<br />
Eugen~csThe Super Race
Knowledge is Power<br />
NOWLEDGE 1s power, and from the begn- sympathy w~th such a frame of mmd, and we belleve<br />
mg of the world there have been those who, ~mpllc~tly In the doctr~ne that the spread of exact menhavlng<br />
acqwred preclous knowledge for themselves, tlfic knowledge wlll never he a d~sadvantage to any race<br />
have done them utmost to keep ~t from then fellow- Wrlt~ng upon thls subject the other day, Dean Inge<br />
men and women who mght contest the power that expressed, wlth h~s usual straightforwardness, the opln-<br />
~t bestowed on the conoscente Fortunately, there<br />
have also been those who took the opposite mew, and<br />
Ions of many when he sa~d "The subject is an unpleasant<br />
one The ternble prevalence of a certa~n<br />
who endeavored to spread the l~ght to all These<br />
two oppos~te att~tudes are well exemplified In the<br />
following extracts The subject first discussed IS<br />
crime in all the large towns 1s demonstrated by abundant<br />
facts and figures, and confirmed by numerous personal<br />
confess~ons The effect of w~thhold~ng knowledge 1s<br />
sex teachmg, but the remarks would be even more sunply to Increase crlme Apart from thls, in a democratic<br />
emphatically applicable to Blrth Control<br />
soc~ety where every adult 1s consrdered capable of helplng<br />
to govern the country, ~t 1s ~ncons~stent to keep the<br />
wage-earner In ignorance of thlngs whlch he wishes to<br />
At the annual conference of the R C Young Men's know We may expect that In many cases he wlll think<br />
Soclet~es of Great Br~ta~n, Dr Thomas Colv~n, of Glas- ~t wrong to use hls knowledge, as many people In the<br />
gow, v~ce-pres~dent of the Central Councll, on the ques- upper and m~ddle classes thlnk ~t wrong to do so Cont~on<br />
of sex problems, sa~d ~t was argued that the way to science IS not a monopoly of the well-to-do The worklng<br />
ralse the moral tone was to teach people sex hy~ene man and h~s w~fe have a nght to judge for themselves,<br />
There could be no more absurd fallacy, he sa~d, and the l~ke other people "<br />
more people, excluding, of course, pnests, doctors and Whatever our vlews may be upon controversial subjects<br />
lawyers, knew about sex quest~ons the more ~mmoral they such as Blrth Control, we must all agree that lt 1s t~me<br />
became Sex teachng, espec~ally to young people, was that an end were put to the defamatory method of cntldangerous,<br />
for ~t exc~ted a prurlent curloslty that was apt clsm In connection wlth those sclent~fic dlscovenes wh~ch<br />
to lead to moral and physlcal dlsaster<br />
affect moral and soclal problems, ~t 1s common for certa~n<br />
It was ev~dent that sex teach~ng as a deterrent to im- people to go to violent extremes In them news, and such<br />
moral~ty was as useless as ~t was absurd The sovereign people are prone, unfortunately, to slander those who<br />
remedy was to teach every chlld to flee from an occaslon d~ffer from them It 1s therefore grat~fy~ng to learn that<br />
of sln It was the lack of early and dogmat~c moral teach- the jury 1x1 the recent B~rth Control hbel case found that<br />
Ing that was at the root of our present loose and confused the words used, though true, were defamatory In characthlnklng<br />
on the sanct~ty of the marrrage bond If a man ter and not fa~r comment Fortunately, the number of<br />
and woman before marrlage mutually agreed not to have people allowing them prejudices to go to the extent of<br />
any ch~ldren, that unlon was legallzed prost~tut~on personal slander 1s becom~ng smaller It was owrng to<br />
The root cause of the dechne of moral~ty all over personal slander that the late Mr Charles Bradlaugh<br />
Europe was the loss of fa~th by the people In the bas~c was for years depr~ved of h~s seat In the House of Compnnc~ples<br />
of Chr~stlan~ty If a man had lost h ~s hel~ef 111 mons, and the change whlch has come over the scene slnce<br />
Chr~st~anlty the only thlngs that would keep h~m moral then 1s test ~llustrated by the fact that recently the K~ng's<br />
were the fear of d~sease and of belng found out by h~s physlclan sent a paper to the Church Congress, In whlch<br />
frlends<br />
the doctrlne of Blrth Control was defin~tely defended on<br />
Other speakers denounced the suggest~on that matters moral, soc~al and med~cal grounds<br />
relatlng to the sexes should be taught In elementary It IS ~mposs~ble to stop dlscuss~on of quest~ons whlch<br />
schools -ManchesterGzlardram<br />
lnt~mately concern health, wealth and morals, by law, and<br />
FOR LIGHT<br />
RECENT CASE has demonstrated the fact that a<br />
A certaln section of the commumty 1s anxlous to pre-<br />
~t should be made ~mposs~ble to stop ~t by slander and<br />
defamat~on The prect~ce of Blrth Control has the support<br />
of many emnent people, and ~t has now gotten far<br />
beyond the expermental stage It 1s a promrnent soc~al<br />
vent an exact knowledge o-f sclent~fic truths concermng questlon wh~ch must be thrashed out openly and fairly,<br />
Blrth Control hng acqulred by the general publ~c Such and those who attempt to prevent falr and open d~scuspeople<br />
take an extraord~nary stand W~thout express- slon by slander and Innuendo should be ostrac~zed by all<br />
ing ~t in so many words, they In fact say "These facts decent-m~nded people It has recently been polnted out<br />
are known to us, but they do us no harm because we are that ~t would be just as reasonable to defame an astronoof<br />
a supenor type intellectually and morally, but ~f these<br />
facts got into the hands of the ordinary lower class<br />
mer because he sa~d he had d~scovered a new star, as to<br />
slander a new group of thlnkers because they are properson<br />
the consequences would be ternble " We have no pound~ng a new Idea -Pablrc Health, London, England
Book Reviews<br />
Bzrth Control Remere,<br />
A Remew by A G Porntt monk~sh new of love I thought it was an ammal thing<br />
THE BOOK OF LIFE, MIND AND BODY, by upton wh~ch requlred some outs~de ~ustlficatlon I had been<br />
Slnclalr Haldeman-Jullus Company, Glrard, K~~<br />
Two volumes In one, pp =]I, 220, xi, 224<br />
taught nothlng else, but now I have had ~ersonal experlence<br />
of other just~ficat~ons of love, and I believe that love<br />
1s a beaut~ful and joyful relat~onsh~p whlch requlres no<br />
men and were In the habit of profibng by the other justlficat~on, but confers justlficat~on upon many .<br />
I:-xperLence of other people, one mlght hope that Upton other thngs life The rel~glous people dec~de<br />
Sinclalr's very frank account of hls own development<br />
that sexual Indulgence 1s wrong, and they Impose a penand<br />
ex~~sltlon of '1' method of 'ring might be of value<br />
alty-and what Is that penalty? A poor unwanted little<br />
both as and guide to those who have not yet<br />
wa~f of a soul, whlch never sinned, and had nothlng to<br />
attamed to Own philosophy of 'Ife But the young<br />
do wlth the matter, 1s brought Into a hostlle world, to<br />
do not take On trust the of They Insuffer<br />
neglect and perhaps starvation-ln order to pun~sh<br />
'Ist upon tr~lng out things for<br />
and the parents did not happen to be s&clently stronglntelllgent<br />
and the wlllcd to practice continence marrlaget 1 used to bedoes<br />
lt seem for them t' break away rules of 'Ife<br />
l~eve that there was benefit to health and Increase of<br />
for them Irom the past, and to make thar<br />
power, whether physical or mental, In the cellbate llfe I<br />
Own experiments and tests As Mr S1nclalr hlmself Is a<br />
have tried both ways of llfe, and as a result I know that<br />
cons~stent rebel agalnst what was handed down to hlm In<br />
the old nonsense I do not say that I bethe<br />
physlcall, lntellectual and hfe, he lleve, I say 1 know, that free and happy love, guided by<br />
cannot expect nor desire to form ~les for the gu~dance<br />
wlsdom and sound knowledge, 1s not merely conduc~ve to<br />
of others In fact, lt 1s plain that he has no such ~nten- health, but Is In the long run necessary to health<br />
t~on His book 1s just a frlendly exposlt~on of h~s own<br />
l~fe and experlence, and the most that he expects 1s probably<br />
a suggestion of Ideas to h~s readers whlch may not<br />
have already occurred to them or may not have rece~ved<br />
them thoughtful attentlon<br />
Among these Ideas 1s that of Blrth Control, whlch he<br />
INFANT MORTALITY, by Hugh T Ashby, M D ,<br />
Cambndge (England), at the Uluversity Press (The<br />
Macm~llan Co , New York) Second Edlt~on, 1922<br />
VERY aspect, execpt one, of the problem of Infant<br />
characterizes as "the most fundamental and most Impor- E mortalrtg IS pven close and adequate attentlon ~n<br />
tant ,, of It he says a ~ h and ~ sound ~ knowledge ~ ~ ~ Dr h Ashby's book, whlch 1s a m~ne of ~nformatlon conabout<br />
Blrth Control 1s just as essent~al to happiness In cermng the causes of Infant mortallty and the steps<br />
marnage as knowledge of d~et 1s necessary to health, or which have been taken and which ought to be taken<br />
as knowledge of economics 1s necessary to lntelhgent to check It The One aspect that Dr Ashby Is<br />
the value of dellberate, sclentlfic birth control ~n checking<br />
action as a voter and cltlzen. The suppression by law of<br />
knowledge of Blrth Control 1s just as grave a cnme<br />
the blrth of unfit and unwanted bab~es, and thus bnneng<br />
down both Infant and maternal mortaht~ rates Dr<br />
agalnst human l~fe as ever was comm~tted by rellgous<br />
Ashby IS, however, stlll obsessed w~th the fear of depopubigotry<br />
In the blackest days of the Spamsb inquls~t~on "<br />
lation and rum for the Bntlsh Emp~re, on account of a<br />
He descr~bes present cond~t~ons ~n the Umted States- falllng blrth-rate, and apparently regrets the high rate<br />
the 'low lncrease of the<br />
more deslrable lmmlgrant<br />
stock and of the<br />
7 the 'cbreedlng hke<br />
of the mddle seventres, although th~s rate was lnev~tably<br />
accompanl~ by a correspondlnglg high death-rate He<br />
rabblts" of unasslmllable allens, such as the Japanese In acknowledges that the present low blrth-rate In England<br />
~allfornla, and of the slum dwellers, the social condltlons brings with a decline In Infant rnortallty, because he<br />
wluch forbid the marriage the and respon- belleves that the alarm aroused hgthedecl~nehas awakened<br />
slble Young man who knows that ~t would be lm~Osslble people to the necessity of sanng Infant llves which would<br />
for him to support a famll~ 7 the consequent Prostitutlon otherwise have been lost He neglects the fact that the<br />
and disease, the clouding of marital ha~~lness by terror, lowering of the Infant death-rate comes automattcally<br />
the Increase of nervous disorders, and the breaking up of<br />
what might be happy homes He condemns utterly the<br />
when rn0ther.q have fewer babies, when they have better<br />
health before and after them blrth, and more tlme to<br />
cellbate ideal On thls quest~on he passed through a stage, devote to their care Yet he does note that "the most<br />
through whlch hundreds of thousands of people have to prolific are, on the whole, the least fitted for the Important<br />
pass ~f they are to l~berate themselves from the tyranny and respons~ble task of rearm@; the next generat~on<br />
of trad~tlon He wr~tes There IS, ~n fact, too much poor stock raised, and there<br />
"I am one of those who for many years believed that 1s too llttle restraint upon idlots, feeble-rmnded, and<br />
the destruct~on of the manta1 relat~onsh~p was the only phys~cally dlseased " He also shows that the large famproper<br />
and moral method I was brought up to take the dy of the poor worktng class overburdens the mother and
<strong>September</strong>, 1923<br />
offers scanty chance of health and vlgor to the chlldren,<br />
and that ~t 1s In large famllles that Infant mortality is<br />
the highest The infant born Into the fady m wmfortable<br />
circumstances has the best chance of surmval<br />
Dr Ashby seems to think that ~t 1s out of pureperverslty<br />
and sot on account of the heavy burden of taxation and<br />
hlgh costs of llvlng and education that the educated and<br />
professlonal classes are stnctly hmhng the number of<br />
their chddren In fact, m his zeal for a lugh birth-rate<br />
he seems to lose slght of the value of quality and pmposes<br />
to lay upon the tax-pay~ng part of the commumty<br />
an extra burden In forclng ~t to undertake the support<br />
of the large famllles of the lower and irresponsible<br />
classes "The only remedy," he wntes, "1s that, ~f the<br />
poor take the trouble to ~roduce the cluldren which the<br />
nch will not do, then the latter should help the poor to<br />
bear the burden of rearlng them" Such a proposal is<br />
hlghly dysge~uc, for it would inevitably tend to increase<br />
the numbers of the unfit and decrease the progeny of better<br />
stocks It would accentuate the tendencies which Dr<br />
Ashby deplores, but for wluch he offers not a cure but an<br />
aggravation The book descnbes codtlons m England,<br />
but ~t apples equally to the Umted States and other<br />
clvlhzed countries<br />
Two Rmews by Helen Glenn Tyson<br />
WHAT'S WRONG WITH OUR GIRLS? by Beatnce<br />
Forbes-Robertson Hale, Fredenck A Stokes Co<br />
"our e;lrls" Mrs Hale evidently means the grrls of<br />
BY the upper -the very upper - lncome groups, and<br />
after readmg her book one concludes that she does not<br />
tlunk that there 1s very much "wrong" wlth them, after<br />
all In fact, a strong suspic~on 18 aroused that the author<br />
mscussed the future of the Woman Movement mth frankness<br />
and mterest, and then cast about for a ''sell&'<br />
title - wlth this rather melodramahc and Irrelevant<br />
result<br />
Mrs Hale belongs to the ''R~ght Wq" of the Femn-<br />
1st Movement She believes that "what women do as<br />
~n&vlduals IS of merely pnvate luterest, what they may<br />
do collechvdy m all-mportant " Yet, strangely<br />
enough, she @ves no thought at all to the dea that the<br />
group-care of very llttle chlldren may be one of the<br />
"collectlve" espenments of the mothers of the future<br />
In &s relation, her naive commendatlon of the "creche"<br />
as a laboratory for chlld study 1s a Mtle amuslng to<br />
those who know how madequate is our Day Nursery<br />
provlslon for the chddren of poor worlung mothers<br />
There are many curious gaps in the dlscusaon of the<br />
Woman Movement, perhaps because Mrs Hale 1s so preoccupied<br />
wlth her theme of Woman the Co-operator that<br />
she forgets that women cannot learn to work together<br />
without some measure of laure and freedom In the<br />
several chapters on "careers" and "chdd study9', wlth the<br />
frequent unphcatlon that professional work and matermty<br />
must somehow be combined, it 16 strange that no<br />
emphasls has been lald on voluntary - as contrasted mth<br />
accidental - motherhood Certainly, unless her mater-<br />
nal function 1s under her own control, no woman can hope<br />
for professlonal status or achievement m any type of<br />
work On this whole problem there are only one or two<br />
vague sentences "Among natlve Americans, the small<br />
famdy has become a permanent ~nstitution the large<br />
fady cr~ppled the lives of mothers and lnentably en-<br />
tailed a hgh infant mortahty rate" (page 91) But in<br />
another paragraph the writer makes the complacent<br />
comment (page 149) "It is perhaps sad that women<br />
w~thout the gft of motherhood should ever be called upon<br />
to bear chldren But a eft demed can be acquired, up<br />
to a certaln pomt, and we mothers should daily ask ourselves,<br />
'Am I developing true motherhood?"' It 1s<br />
perhaps equally sad that certaln other "gfts," such as<br />
health, or an adequate Income, are also sometimes demed<br />
to mothers, especially those wlth very large familes, and<br />
that these "g~fts" cannot be "acqmred" by any such easy<br />
method of self-analysls<br />
Mrs Hale's book is too class-consc~ous for democratic<br />
Amerlca It 1s full of interestmg and suggestive bits of<br />
msdom about daughter-culture for those who have the<br />
means of applylug them, but ~t shows little grasp of the<br />
tremendous social and economlc questions women must<br />
face today if they are Indeed to bear and nurture a<br />
New Race<br />
THE SECRET OF WOMAN, by Helen Jerome Bom<br />
and Llvenght, New York<br />
ID-VICTORIANISM dles hard In that age the no-<br />
M tion was current that woman possessed a peculiar innate<br />
quahty known as "femlmne intu~tlon," that her<br />
"mysterious charm," exerted along llnes of "indirect ~duence,"<br />
was her greatest weapon, and that her absorbin-<br />
In fact, her only-luterest lay in her relations wlth the<br />
other sex<br />
The hysterical effort of thls writer to re-create the<br />
"mystenous" woman of the Victorian era, dress her m a<br />
tlun cloak of modern sex psychology, and then to stnp<br />
the cloak away and reveal her "secret," belongs .sn the<br />
dusty past rather than In the cheerful sunshine of today<br />
Modern women perhaps tend to become a blt standardized<br />
as to dress, behamor, and even oplmons, but many of<br />
them interests are qlute objective, and he outside the<br />
field of them personal hves The moody, introspective<br />
female that the author descnbes, who spends her days In<br />
repeating "He loves me, he loves me not," should put on<br />
her aghtcen Inch corsets, her hlgh heels and frail health,<br />
and toddle back lnto the bnc-a-brac of the seventies<br />
where she belongs She has no "secret" that we would<br />
care to dlscover<br />
BOOKS RECEIVED<br />
From E P Dutton & Co , New York, L~vmo WITH OUB<br />
CHILDEEN, by Clara D Plerson<br />
From George H Doran Co, New York, THE DOMI-<br />
NANT SEX, by Mathdde and Mathias Vaertlng, translated<br />
by Eden and Cedar Paul<br />
From Grant &chards, Ltd , London, TH& EXEMIES OF<br />
LIBEBTY, by E S P Haynes
PERIODICALS<br />
Dr B Austin wr~tes, In The Eugenws R~QWW (London)<br />
for July, on "The Sub-Man," who attracted so much<br />
attention on both sldes of the Atlantic during the opera-<br />
tions of the draft boards He polnts out the great danger<br />
that the man who 1s below normal In intelligence consti-<br />
tutes to a soclety whlch has suspended nature's law of<br />
elimlnatlon of the un6t "Under natural conditions," he<br />
wntes, "the defectlve mental qualities which tend to pro-<br />
duce excessive fertlllty tend also to produce an excessive<br />
infant mortallty, by which the fertility 1s to some extent<br />
cancelled But this tendency is countered by the bene-<br />
volent interference of the fit The children of the sub-<br />
people become the objects of publlc care and sohcitude,<br />
wlth the result that the child mortallty is being steadily<br />
reduced Thus while the increase 1s uncontrolled, the<br />
ellrmnatlon 1s being steadily inhibited " Dr Austln points<br />
Know Thyself, the new perlodlcal of the Haldeman-<br />
Juhus Company (Glrard, Kansas), devotes its August<br />
number to the popularizat~on of the new knowledge of<br />
physiology, based on study of the glands, and psychology,<br />
based on study of the unconsc~ous It contalns several<br />
useful artlcles on aspects of these subjects by the editor,<br />
Wdham J Fteldlng, who also beens a series of articles on<br />
"The Morallty of Blrth Control " In the first paper of<br />
ths serles Mr Fielhng shows that dehberate restnctlon<br />
of the population 1s in the hlghest sense natural and not<br />
"contrary to nature," as opponents of Birth Control are<br />
so fond of stating<br />
Hans Coudenhove, in the Atlantsc Monthly for August,<br />
has a chatty article on the posltion of women In Nyasa-<br />
land It is evldent that equallty of the sexes is by no<br />
means unknown in savage hie, and research into social<br />
conditions, both historic and of contemporary tribes, is<br />
dolng much to destroy old-time notlons of the age-long<br />
subjection of women It would have been Interesting to<br />
have learned more concermng such questions as the birth-<br />
rate, and the right of the mother to control reproduction,<br />
but Mr Coudenhove has nothing to say on these subjects<br />
The Century (New York) for August contalns an article<br />
by J B S Haldane of Cambridge Umverslty, England,<br />
entitled, "If You Were Allve In 2123" It is scarcely<br />
comprehensive enough to be descr~bed as Mr Haldane's<br />
Utopla It rather indicates h ~s idea of the future trend<br />
of discoveries In biology, a sclence wluch he thinks has<br />
been allowed to lag far behlnd the slster sclences that have<br />
out no remedy for this gradual deterioration of the race to do with inanlmate matter For those who thlnk that<br />
He contents himself with remark~ng that Blrth Control any new interference with nature is impious (of course,<br />
would probably be of little direct value as a solutlon of no one objects to Interferences to which they have become<br />
the problem But he overlooks the fact that the legalma- accustomed, such as the milking of cows or the stlmulation<br />
and populanzation of Birth Control would create a tion of egg-laymg by hens), the suggestions will be<br />
new and effectwe publlc oplnlon agalnst irresponsible startling Birth Control, as we understand rt, is conserparentage,<br />
an oplmon whlch would make it certain that vative In the extreme as compared mth the selective<br />
soclety would no longer submlt to the ~n&ctlon upon ~t of restnctlon of the future as forecast In ths artlcle<br />
the burden of the sub-man's famlly<br />
Professor Ralph E Danforth, in the Scmtsfi Monthly<br />
The same issue of The Eugenws Reoteu, contalns a (New York) for August, suggests a somewhat fantastic<br />
renew by Professor S J Holmes of Margaret Sanger's scheme for lmprovlng the quality of the human race HIS<br />
"Pivot of C~vlhzatlon " The renewer 1s dissatisfied that artlcle on "Creative Effort In Human Evolution" looks<br />
Mrs Sanger has not entered the llsts as a champion of forward to the beaut&catlon and sanitation of the whole<br />
Eugemcs, and that she does not urge more chlldren for world He realizes that thls cannot be accomplished as<br />
the fit He overlooks the fact that her campalgn is one long as human reproductlon follows its present chaohc<br />
for hberation, for the nght of men and women, and espe- course He therefore suggests the dlvlsion of the populacially<br />
women, to control the~r own powers of reproduct~on, tion of any overcrowded country lnto three parts one to<br />
and that until this fight 1s won there 1s httle use in consist of the men and women who, after hanng passed<br />
address~ng moral platitudes to people who refuse to add exhaustive tests, have been adjudged fit to marry, who<br />
more human beings to the sweltenng masses which are will live in farmlies with their chlldren, the other two to<br />
destroying c~vihzatlon He admlts, however, that "Mrs consist respectively of the males and females who have<br />
Sanger's book will prow of value in breaklng down preju- failed to pass these tests and who will be strlctly segredice<br />
and in dlrectlng attention to problems of ntal gated but even opportumtg for as full a hfe as is consistimportance<br />
" "It is wntten," he adds, "in an interesttng ent wlth the demal of all sexual expression It would<br />
and spirited manner, it mamfests a broad humalutarlan requlre an all-powerful autocrat to carry out such a<br />
outlook, and, in general, it 1s tempered with common scheme, and the questlon may well be asked Why not try<br />
sense "<br />
voluntary Blrth Control and at the same time create a<br />
pubhc opinlon that wllI reprobate the procreation of<br />
chlldren from unfit stock or in un6t conditions? Professor<br />
Danforth's scheme would be more radlcal, and perhaps<br />
more ~mmedlately fruitful of results But there is<br />
the great objection that it would be impossible In a democratlc<br />
world, while the ideal of the advocates of Blrth<br />
Control is feaslble and humane, and only requires the<br />
formation of an enlightened public opimon and the hberahzation<br />
of the laws to imtiate its worhng<br />
Has any country a nght to slop ,ts popdatwn over a d<br />
beyond sts boundanen, or to clam trade and food becausc<br />
of tts heedless self-congestson -H G WELLS
SEX BOOKS<br />
Only for Profeunod and<br />
Advanced Adult Readen<br />
&scmpbm luta sed m dad earslopa The norl<br />
atdhontoh~c morh d m g Fwd Kuch Kroff-Ebmg RoL*<br />
Mulrhom and E L<br />
THE MODERN BOOK A.SOC1AnON<br />
Formerly of New Yak Cay<br />
4110 SANTA MONICA BOULEVARD<br />
LOS ANGEWS, CAL<br />
"Boob for Inlelhgenl People"<br />
Pmm MRS RICHARD BILLINGS, Chamman, New York<br />
LcpuLhrc Comrmttce, Amemcam Burth Contrd b<br />
DO YOU KNOW THE MAN FOR<br />
WHOM YOU WILL VOTE?<br />
Just a word to the mpporters of the pnnnplu of<br />
Bmth Control. Interest yourulvu m State and<br />
local ~ohhu. and make an opportun~t)' to mwt<br />
the men who -h to repre~nt you at the Caprtol<br />
at Albany Or better acqaa~ntcd mth the men<br />
and women who are askmg for your votr Can-<br />
&&tea for o6ice are arcuktmg pehhom for mgnatures<br />
of elector. to pre.ent to them party leaders<br />
to a~d them m gethng the party endoracment.<br />
Do not confine your mterest or mtemews to<br />
your party cnnd~datc If you are a Democrat call<br />
on the Repubhean canddate you are a Soclal~st,<br />
call on the Democrat, urge the11 calu~derahon of<br />
B~rth Control as a pnnclple and find out them<br />
opuuon on h s welfare meamre of fundamental<br />
rmportanw Pomt out the necesmty for amendmg<br />
the law ro thar phyaclans m thew publsc and pnmte<br />
prachce may eve contracephve mformahon<br />
wthout at bung a c-al of ence Ask for thew<br />
cooperabon m puttmg through our B~rth Control<br />
M~~<br />
Posnt out the advantages of mch a measure not<br />
only to the lndndual and fady but also to the<br />
State and Nahon<br />
Be- now on your campaxgn Remember your<br />
rote 1s a power to be u.ed wth ~ntelllsence Fmd<br />
the canhdate who vnll help tha movement and<br />
mpport lum Lterature d be sent to assrat yotl<br />
m educatmg your representahve d you *rill wnte<br />
to the<br />
AMERICAN BIRTH CONTROL LEAGUE<br />
104 FUTH AVENUE, NEW YORK.<br />
If you are dorng your part m the fight for<br />
BIRTH CONTROL<br />
you wrll subscrrbe to the<br />
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Review<br />
You wrll contrrbute a subscrrptron for<br />
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You wrll persuade another frrend to<br />
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You wrll pass on your copy after tt has<br />
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You wsll take advantage of the ofer of a<br />
COPY of<br />
WOMAN AND<br />
THE NEW RACE<br />
by MARGARET SANGER<br />
for One Dollar<br />
"Let this book be read<br />
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woman who can read."<br />
From rntroductron by<br />
HAVELOCK ELLIS<br />
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THE BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW<br />
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Douche bas been taught for centunea for st.<br />
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vagmal douche A small quantaty of PULVOSAN added<br />
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THE MOST CHALLENGING BOOK<br />
OF THE YEBR-<br />
THE PIVOT OF<br />
CIVILIZATION<br />
BY<br />
MARGARET SANGER<br />
Introduchon bp H G WELLS<br />
"Steelcold lo its analysis of facts-whte-<br />
hot lo its conmctton that a new anmy<br />
must be had for our soaal nddle<br />
hca, 82 10 postage)<br />
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THE BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW<br />
104 FlFM AVENUE NEW YORK CITY<br />
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BIRTH CONTROL<br />
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The Pivot of Civilization<br />
Thls book IS a new approach to socd problems. It shows that thp can be no freedom for<br />
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Woman and the New Race<br />
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The Problem of Population<br />
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The Case of Bii Control<br />
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Birth Control- What It Is- How It Works- What It Will Do<br />
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Bung the proceedrngs of the Frmt Amencan Buth Control Conference, November. 1921<br />
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