TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu
TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu
TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu
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KS 400 % TS 375 %<br />
MS 25 %<br />
TB 700 %<br />
AB 200 % KB 100 % ŚBKo 0.04 % ŚBM 0.03 %<br />
PB -0.! % JB O.22 % [ŚBMo,w,u -0!]<br />
ṢB 0.33 % JUB 150% 256 BŚSb 200% [ŚBn 0.16 % ]<br />
ABn 200 %<br />
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The centre of usage of sam.yat lies with the Kaṭha and Taitt. schools. As TS<br />
is a s,ightly later version of a YV Saṃhitā than is KS, the origin of the phrase<br />
must be sought with the Kaṭhas or their close relative, the lost Caraka school.<br />
The use of sam.yat is their innovation. MS is still older than KS, but<br />
predominantly employs spṛdh, an old Indo-Iranian and Indo-European term<br />
of racing and competition (OAv. spəәrəәd, Engl. sport, Germ. (sich) spurten,<br />
etc.). 257<br />
Note that the older Aitareyins who live in the same area as the Kaṭhas follow<br />
their trend; they keep this up, even after their emigration to the East, with the<br />
same percentage. This stands out clearly, as all the Eastern texts have but a<br />
sprinkling of cases of sam.yat, even the usually Western-oriented Kāṇvas.<br />
This is one of the many cases where the SW Maitr. and the Eastern Vāj. go<br />
together, which is frequent in later ritual and in the use of particular<br />
mantras. 258 The group MS-Vāj. is joined, in this case, by the Western and<br />
Southern SV (PB,ṢB,JB). In other words, the innovation sam.yat is limited to<br />
the Yajurveda and Ṛgveda texts. (Note the enormous increase in TB, in<br />
BŚSb, and in the late JUB, although the actual occurrence of cases is limited<br />
here.)<br />
256 Note that all cases of sam.yat in JUB come from one passage, 2.10.1 (= VPK notation:<br />
2.4.1.1), as opposed to two of spṛdh: 1.15.4.1, 1.8.5.1 (VPK).<br />
257 Cf. Schroeder, ZDMG 33, 177 sqq.<br />
258 How was this possible in geographical terms? In later texts, a closer connection between<br />
the two schools is possible, as MS expanded southwards and ŚBM south-westwards; the<br />
Madyandinoi reside, according to Arrian, Indikē 4.4, on the Southern side of the Ganges,<br />
opposite Allahabad. But what about early texts? - The (non)occurrence of Maitr.-related<br />
material must be checked in Jaim. texts.<br />
93