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RV: 47 RVkh 1 (other Saṃh. texts, excluding RV repetitions.) PS 13 : 40% 251 ŚS 1 : 5% VSM 2 : 6% KS 10 : 9% (KSa 8) TS 1 : 2% MS 23 : 49% (mostly in prose) ABo 2 : 18% TB 9 : 26% TA 1 : 4% --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- KB 2 : 15% ŚBK 12 : 36% ŚBMo 6 : 19% KA 3 ŚBMw 0 : 0% JBc 17 ŚBMn 17 : 138% JUB 2 ŚBMu 6 : 285% KaṭhB 0 : 0% VādhB ? BŚSb ? ChU 1 : 10% PB 0 : 0% ABn 2 : 37% ṢB 0 : 0% AA 0 : 0% __________________________________________________________________ The distribution is interesting. After many instances of svid in RV, only the oldest YV school, the Maitr. continue to use this particle; it modestly survives in the early Aitareya (ABo), Kauṣītaki, later Taitt. (TB), and earlier Mādhy. schools (15-26%), but scores better in the earlier Kāṇva books (36%) and the late ABN (27%), and then resurfaces strongly in the later Mādhy. 252 and in the Jaim. schools (138-285%). This is a late Eastern / Southern alignment which appears from time to time and needs further investigation (see §10.2). §7.3 Other particles. 251 PS is approximate only; the new VPK Br.Vol. has only 1 case for ABo; the old Br. vol. has 4 for ŚBK; the Sūtra vol. has only a few token cases as well. 252 Caland, ed. of ŚBK, p.108, believes them to have been Kāṇva works originally. The Kāṇvas apparently have a different style than the Western Śāṇḍilya books: Note that svid does not occur at all in Śāṇḍ. ŚB 6-10, and equally not in the Śāṇḍ. parts of BAUM (ŚBM 14.4-5), but rather in the later sections (14.6 sqq.). 90
Even in subsections of a text, like ŚBM 1-5, one can distinguish certain styles in the use of particles. ŚB 1-2, for example, uses na hi tad, while ŚB 3-4 uses na vai tad. 253 . It seems possible that we can recognize here the personal style of the author of these chapters, or, at any rate, that of the compiler of the chapters in question (who must then be different from the compiler of the ŚB as such). 254 In books 1-4 of ŚB there is, indeed, a difference in subject matter which makes two authors likely. ŚB 1 treats the New and Full Moon sacrifices, 2 deals with the Agnihotra, etc., 3 treats the Adhvara (Soma), and 4, Soma (5: rājasūya, vājapeya). Both rituals (Dārśapaurṇamāsa viz. Soma) are prototypes of many others and may have been composed, in the late Br. period, by two different persons who based themselves on their older Black YV predecessors. - Another example is: athātaḥ ŚB, BŚS, KB, AB. Needless to say, we need many more such observations and investigations. An investigation of the combination of particles would seem to be especially promising, but it can be done, at present, only through much labour (comparing all passages in VPK of concurrent occurrence of two or more particles). *************************** A few interesting cases involving single words and their spread throughout various texts, as well as typical (certainly style-oriented) expressions, may be added here. It is the (still very incomplete) collection of many such individual cases which will add perspective to the picture of the major grammatical forms and sound changes delineated above. Only a few can be given here, for want of space and opportunity to investigate them in detail. 255 §7.4 On the relation of spṛdh : sam.yat 253 See Minard, Enigmes I, §800. 254 Note that the compiler of ŚB had a good overview of the text, such a good one, indeed, that he could compare a section in the Soma book with one in the Pravargya book; see author, Fs. U. Schneider; cf. also Whitney, TAPA 23, who quotes several cases in ŚB where a passage reappears with the same wording (and the same mixed use of the tenses). 255 I plan to add to the present collection of materials, from time to time, in Journals like IIJ and StII. 91
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Version July 27,1987 (published Par
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10.6. Conclusion and prospects 3
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* the better speech of the Northern
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* 1st: there are regional differenc
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chapter, per text or text level, th
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occurrence of the opt. in -īta (AB
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Furthermore, the comparatively grea
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the geographical data contained in
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The boundaries of various school te
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origin. It can also be noted that a
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The absolute date of the texts rema
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perhaps Māṇḍ.) AB KB PB JB Ait
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MGS VārGS KGS/LGS BGS *VādhGS BhG
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the period of the "free floating" m
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ones in other case forms: sāyāt,
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immediate surrounding dialects, cf.
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§ 5 ESTABLISHING A PATTERN §5.0.
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VSM 96.120 VSM= 24.19 % VSK 94.231
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In addition to these stray findings
Page 39 and 40: Therefore, the occurrence of -ai fo
Page 41 and 42: have changed this dialect. 99 We kn
Page 43 and 44: (5 ch. mixed) BŚS (Br.ch.in storie
Page 45 and 46: were composed on the basis of an ea
Page 47 and 48: If one compares this with such deta
Page 49 and 50: early ABo 3 % TB 2 % Brāhm. (lv.4)
Page 51 and 52: development of the precative); the
Page 53 and 54: It is interesting to note that the
Page 55 and 56: ___________________________________
Page 57 and 58: JUB 2 PB 7 (ABn 9) ________________
Page 59 and 60: This result is interesting insofar
Page 61 and 62: The origin of the cluster ch is kno
Page 63 and 64: The distribution of kś also indica
Page 65 and 66: the SW Maitr., and the Kauth. SV (P
Page 67 and 68: N. India., and also its Sūtra, the
Page 69 and 70: While the preceding examples have i
Page 71 and 72: concludes that the preservation of
Page 73 and 74: 'tics', and mannerisms, introduced
Page 75 and 76: Southern Jaiminīya (originally a C
Page 77 and 78: eva Taitt., nu vāva ŚBK, (but nv
Page 79 and 80: were several occasions 225 where it
Page 81 and 82: grammar, and in classical Sanskrit,
Page 83 and 84: 17: Pāṇ.(?): after: bho,bhago,ad
Page 85 and 86: [túbhya hinvāná- u -avasiṣṭa
Page 87 and 88: PS 0? ŚS 0! KS 11 : 1293% (late TS
Page 89: must be made here. The Eastern Cent
Page 93 and 94: ___________________________________
Page 95 and 96: The forms in -o- are restricted to
Page 97 and 98: collection; the Upaniṣad-like sec
Page 99 and 100: MU 0 BŚS 18: 2? TA 1 3 TA 10 10 TU
Page 101 and 102: various Middle Indian dialects inde
Page 103 and 104: The Ṛgvedic nom. pl. -āsaḥ 277
Page 105 and 106: Madhyadeśa (Taitt.) innovations (o
Page 107 and 108: events which the speaker or listene
Page 109 and 110: The strong occurrences in ŚB and J
Page 111 and 112: AB 4? KN 1 ? ŚBMw 1 ( 2) 306 JBc 4
Page 113 and 114: 58 (Epileg.CPD I, s.v.tmesis). Nume
Page 115 and 116: * Sandhi -e/o a- > -a a Prācya (Ś
Page 117 and 118: the early Brāḥmaṇa text, AB 1-
Page 119 and 120: Vedic held sway over the Pañcālas
Page 121 and 122: the bhāṣika accent) is lost. Nor
Page 123 and 124: on an old Western SV Br. which used
Page 125 and 126: We therefore witness, as the outcom
Page 127 and 128: territories West of it on one hand,
Page 129 and 130: If we first limit ourselves strictl
Page 131 and 132: Post-Saṃhitā developments: loss
Page 133 and 134: attention to the general political
Page 135 and 136: 500- NBP NBP NBP NBP ______________
Page 137 and 138: (MS,KS,TS) it immediately appears t
Page 139 and 140: Late Harappan | and | RV various sm
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| early in the | RV hymns composed
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ABn PB KA (PB?) AA, AitU AA 5 MU Ā
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The language of the Yajñagāthās
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