TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu
TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu
TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu
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y Caland to represent an original Kāṇva text, and thus comes from an<br />
Eastern Central text.<br />
The reason for this distribution may be that even in the West, the form in -<br />
īya may have been accepted at a late stage. Note that even Pāṇini teaches<br />
both possibilities; this may perhaps be supported by the appearance of the -<br />
īya form in KāṭhŚS and ĀŚS. The former, however, is extracted from a single<br />
MS of the commentary on the KŚS, as no MS of the text has been found so<br />
far; the latter text may alredy have been composed in the East, as (part of) the<br />
Aitareyins who had moved to Videha, etc., during the late Vedic period.<br />
On the other hand, the original form expected for the West is indeed found,<br />
just as in the case of upavasathyà-. The Maitr, with their Sūtras, the Kāṭhaka<br />
Śrauta-Sūtra (which confirms the suspicion about the single Kāṭh. -īya form<br />
mentioned just now), the Western Sāmavedins (PB, LŚS). The form is,<br />
however, found in the Central area as well (KB, ŚŚS, later Taitt. Sūtras: BŚS<br />
in a late Prāyascitta section, BhŚS) and even in the South (JB). Interestingly,<br />
even the Easternmost school, i.e, the Mādhy. sub-school of the Vājasaneyins,<br />
has this Western form, and, even more surprisingly, in their genuine chapters<br />
1-5. If this is compared to the Mādhy. form upavasath¡ya, then the true<br />
Mādhy. books have the Western form in -ya and those Mādhy. books derived<br />
from an original Kāṇva text have, in both cases (śunāsīr¡ya, upavasath¡ya),<br />
the Kāṇva form. 213<br />
It is the Kāṇvas and the Jaiminīyas, both living on the fringe of the<br />
innovative Central area, that in one case side with the Central texts, and in<br />
the other one with the Western texts. Obviously, many more such<br />
observations will have to be made to arrive at a definite map of the diffusion<br />
of this phenomenon. 214<br />
The Central texts, with their lengthening of -iya > īya, point, in any case, to<br />
an underlying pronunciation [upavasathiya], [śunāsīriya] in the Centra, area<br />
and in parts of the Southern and Eastern areas. The words are, it is true,<br />
ones of traditional śrauta sacrifice, and one may explain -īya as the<br />
intentional stress of an antiquated pronunciation [-iya] which had no<br />
counterpart in contemporary pronunciation of the cluster -thy- viz. -rya-.<br />
However, the anaptyxis also occurs in inconspicious groups like uv eva < u<br />
213 This may be of great importance for an understanding of how the Madhy. text evolved!<br />
Cf. Caland's opinion (introd. ed. ŚBK) that ŚBM 11-13 originally were Kaṇva texts.<br />
214 Cf. further Pāṇ. 4.2.32 dyāvāpṛthivīya, marutvatīya, agniṣomīya, vāstoṣpatīya,<br />
gṛhamedhīya.<br />
76