TRACING VEDIC DIALECTS - People.fas.harvard.edu

ABn
PB KA (PB?) AA, AitU
AA 5
MU ĀśvŚS
16 kingdoms are known (VādhB,Pāli)
prominent are: Kosala, Kāśī, Videha,
Aṅga, Magadha?, and:
the older kingdoms of Kuru-Pañcāla, Matsya;
also: Vaidarbha, Trigarta, Salva, Madra,
Gandhāri, Āraṭṭa, Parśu, Sindhu-Sauvīra;
non-IA S.E. tribes like Puṇḍra, Kaliṅga,
Andhra.
Pāṇini knows of: Yājñavalkya as prominent
King of Kambojas: E.Iranians? Persians?- rel.figure in ŚB; (Mahā-)
KS, Car., Tittiri Mantras, Sūtra, Upaniṣad, Janaka as Videha king
pariṣad; sūtra-kāra, pada-kāra; Śākalya; attracts W. brahmins:
bhikṣu; kumāra-śramaṇā (fem.!) 2.1.70; Uddālaka Āruṇi & Śākalya
Maskarin (= Makkhali Gosāla?); nāstika; in the East, in ŚB 11 and
nirvāṇa 8.2.50; Vṛji, a Panjab tribe; BAU;
E.Iranian word lipi/libi, grantha Aśvala=hotṛ of Janaka,cf.
Pāli Assalāyana and AA 5;
Pāṇ.'s accents = old accentuation: Vājasan. bhāṣika accent.
(3 tones: (an)udātta,svarita) (2 tones: high/low)
Mahāvrṣa & Kuru speak uttarāh(a)i chandas lang. not to be
(with higher pitch, 3 tones) used in Buddh.texts,
refers to old W. pitch
accent with 3 tones? 355
355 For Mahājanaka, see Franke Kl.Schr., 379. -- For accents see O.v.H. Überblick,p.90
§159; cf. Bronkhorst, Two traditions, Stuttgart 1986, p.111. - Note that his examples are
from ŚB/BAU! But there are even later texts with accents: Some late RVKh portions (Śrī
Sūkta, even found in Nepalese Buddhist texts!), the Vaiṣṇava stanzas of Vaikh Mtr.Pr., the
last, very late sentences of ŚB itself about Yājñavalkya; (accent was, on a scholarly basis,
used even much later: some acc. Pāṇinean MSS., a Śikṣā was used to accent an AV MS even
some 300 years ago, see introd.to the AV ed. by Śaṅkar Pāṇḍuraṅ Pt.). Therefore, BAU,
when taken isolatedly and compared to the Buddh. rules about chandas language, in order
to establish a contemporanity of its period with Buddh. texts, has no value: the Buddh. rule
could equally mean late Vedic texts, like Vaikh.Mtr.Pr.-- Note also P.Thieme's observation
that Kātyāyana uses the word ādy-udātta- to express a pitch and does not simply use the
pitch itself, as Pāṇini did: That would mean that in ca. 300 B.C. there was no living pitch
accent in the East, - or at least one different (i.e. bhāṣika) from the Western type with 3
tones.
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