30.04.2013 Views

2007, Piran, Slovenia

2007, Piran, Slovenia

2007, Piran, Slovenia

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

Environmental Ergonomics XII<br />

Igor B. Mekjavic, Stelios N. Kounalakis & Nigel A.S. Taylor (Eds.), © BIOMED, Ljubljana <strong>2007</strong><br />

reaction times than females. Almost all of the male-female difference appears to be<br />

accounted for by the lag between the presentation of the stimulus and the beginning of<br />

muscle contraction (Botwinick and Thompson, 1966). Also, similar to Tomi et al.<br />

(1993) who showed an elevation of auditory reaction time, we obtained similar results<br />

for visual reaction time. N2O decreased VSRT performance in both sexes, but this was<br />

more pronounced in females. The results of this study demonstrate no genderdifferences<br />

in acute tolerance to inert gas narcosis.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

Block RI, Ghoneim MM, Pathak D, Kumar V Hinrichs J (1988) Effects of a<br />

subanaesthetic concentration of nitrous oxide on overt and covert assessments of<br />

memory and associative process. Psychopharmacoly 3: 324-331<br />

Botwinick J, Thompson LW (1966) Components of reaction time in relation to age<br />

and sex. J Genet Psychol 108: 175-183<br />

Dane S, Erzurumluoglu A (2003) Sex and handedness differences in eye-hand visual<br />

reaction times in handball players. Int J Neurosci 113(7): 923-929<br />

Der, G, Deary IJ (2006) Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood:<br />

Results from the United Kingdom health and lifestyle survey. Psychol Aging<br />

21(1): 62-73<br />

Eger EI II. (1985) Pharmacokinetics. In: Eger EI II. (ed) Nitrous oxide. Edward<br />

Arnold, London, pp 81-107<br />

Fagan D, Paul DL, Tiplady B, Scott DB (1994) A dose-response study of the effects<br />

of inhaled nitrous oxide on psychological performance and mood.<br />

Psychopharmacol 16: 333-338<br />

Kalant H, Leblanc A.E, Gibbons RJ (1971) Tolerance to, and dependence on, some<br />

non-opiate psychotropic drugs. Pharmacol Rev 23(3): 135-191<br />

Korttila K, Ghoneim MM, Jacobs L, Mewaldt SP, Petersen RC (1981) Time course of<br />

mental and psychomotor effects of 30 per cent nitrous oxide during inhalation and<br />

recovery. Anesthesiology 54:220-226<br />

McMenemin IM, Parbrook GD (1988) Comparison of the effects of subanaesthetic<br />

concentrations of isoflurane or nitrous oxide in volunteers. Br J Anaesth 60: 56-63<br />

Maze M, Fujinaga M (2000) Recent advances in understanding the actions and<br />

toxicity of nitrous oxide. Anaesthesia 55:311–314<br />

Quock RM, Vaughn LK (1995) Nitrous oxide: Mechanism of its antinociceptive<br />

action. Analgesia 1: 151–159<br />

Reltan RM (1959) Validity of the Trial Making Test as an indication of organic brain<br />

damage. Percept Mot Skills 8: 271-276<br />

Tomi K, Mashimo T, Tashiro C, Yagi M, Pak M, Nishimura S, Nishimura M,<br />

Yoshiya I (1993) Alterations in pain threshold and psychomotor response<br />

associated with subanesthetic concentrations of inhalation anaesthetics in humans.<br />

Br J Anaesth 70: 684-686<br />

Yajnik S, Zacny JP, Young CJ, Lichtor JL, Rupani G, Klafta JM, Coalson DW,<br />

Apfelbaum JL (1996) Lack of acute tolerance development to the subjective,<br />

cognitive, and psychomotor effects of nitrous oxide in healthy volunteers.<br />

Pharmacol Biochem Beha. 54: 501–508<br />

Zacny JP, Cho AM, Coalson DW, Rupani G, Young CJ, Klafta JM, Klock PA,<br />

Apfelbaum JL (1996) Differential acute tolerance development to effects of<br />

nitrous oxide in humans. Neurosci Lett 209: 73–76<br />

68

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!