2007, Piran, Slovenia

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Environmental Ergonomics XII Igor B. Mekjavic, Stelios N. Kounalakis & Nigel A.S. Taylor (Eds.), © BIOMED, Ljubljana <strong>2007</strong> The non-deeper phenomenon is thought to be a symptom of disturbed neurovegetative regulation and may result in the development of overt hypertension (Fava et al. 2005). It is worth noting a very high number of extreeme deepers in examined group. Although no data from our own research are available for comparison, results of recent research worldwide suggest that this is an adverse prognostic symptom associated with an elevated risk of cerebral stroke (Izzedine et al. 2006). In the majority of the people, arterial blood pressure abnormalities and disturbed BP regulation was detectable only by ABPM. It is particularly important to note that elevated blood pressure was detected by ABPM in as much as 53% of people who had not reported hypertension in their questionnaire sheets. This is alarming, as those people are considered to be healthy. In the study group, mean level of the chronic fatigue was 73.2 ±13.4 (medium-high). In 80% of the patients the fatigue was moderate, and in 20% it was high. This was the highest level compared to other professional groups; e.g. in firemen, the level of the fatigue was 56.5±21.3, in the workers of an open-cast mine it was 54.8 ± 27.7, post office workers 68.1 ± 24.2, and in the workers of a scientific research institute the level was 67.0±26.4. Such high fatigue might had resulted also from unreasonably spending the leisure time, because the workers after the night shift had only slightly more than 4 hours of sleep. To assess the effect of age on workload tolerance, development of fatigue and the frequency of circulatory changes, the study group was divided into 4 subgroups (table 5): 556 Groups Age range Table 5. Characteristics of study group by age. age (mean±SD) Period of employment (mean±SD) BMI Percentage of smokers 1. n=12 20-30 25.0 ±2.3 3.1±2.9 25.8±3.4 25.0% 2. n=11 31-40 37.4±2.4 15.9±5.7 26.9±3.0 18.2% 3. n=14 41-50 44.8±3.4 22.0±6.9 28.1±3.7 26.7% 4. n=13 51-60 53.5±2.8 30.4±7.8 29.4±3.1 38.5% p=0.05 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4, 3-4 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4, 3-4 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-3, 2-4, 3-4 insignifficant difference In the study group there was a high percentage of people reporting musculoskeletal symptoms, such as low back pain (56% people), knee pain (43% people), neck pain (30% people), and upper limb pain (20% people). 25% of the workers with such symptoms had sought medical consultation. Symptoms like those could result from the specific character of the job, which required maintaining awkward body postures for long periods of time. Our analysis of the job characteristics confirmed a high risk of such symptoms. The frequency of those symptoms was age-related. The highest proportion of the subjects reporting the symptoms was noted among the 41-50 year-old workers. The manifestations were more frequent than in the group of salesman studied by us earlier, where the symptoms were reported by 20.5% people. When analysing BP parameters we have found that systolic BP in all periods (BPSO, BPSD, BPSN) did not differ significantly between the different age groups, while significant differences (p
Working Environment significantly affecting fatigue level, while all fatigue indices were highest in the oldest group. In that group, as much as 40% workers reported high level of fatigue, while no such scores were reported in the youngest group. The relationship between chronic fatigue and age is also supported by a positive correlation occurring between age and total fatigue index (r=0.451, p
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ENVIRONMENTAL ERGONOMICS XII Procee
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ENVIRONMENTAL ERGONOMICS XII Procee
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International Conferences on Enviro
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents
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Table of contents ALTITUDE ATTENUAT
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Table of contents TOWARDS PREVENTIO
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Table of contents RATE AFFECT EXERC
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Table of contents Uroš Dobnikar, S
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Table of contents TO A HOT ENVIRONM
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Table of contents Andreas D. Flouri
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Table of contents PHYSICAL FITNESS
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Table of contents ESTIMATION OF THE
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Herman Potocnic Lecture the advanta
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Invited presentation Gravitational
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Gravitational Physiology SKELETAL M
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Lf (mm) 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 Fa
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Gravitational Physiology maximum is
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Gravitational Physiology THERMOREGU
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Gravitational Physiology THE EXERCI
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Gravitational Physiology Since exer
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Gravitational Physiology During the
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Gravitational Physiology CARDIOVASC
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as observed at rest after LBNP was
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Gravitational Physiology THERMOREGU
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Gravitational Physiology THE EFFECT
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Gravitational Physiology Fortney SM
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Gravitational Physiology Contractil
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Gravitational Physiology Edgerton V
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Diving Physiology A library of imag
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Diving Physiology Information recal
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Diving Physiology RESULTS Figure 1
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Diving Physiology sensitivity is no
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Diving Physiology Physiological Mea
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Diving Physiology same sequence. Th
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Diving Physiology HYPERVENTILATION
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Diving Physiology software. Individ
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Diving Physiology REFERENCES IMCA.
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Diving Physiology recorded (MIE Med
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Diving Physiology DISCUSSION The ma
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Altitude Physiology vastus laterali
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Altitude Physiology IS INTERMITTENT
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Altitude Physiology Table 2: Lactat
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Altitude Physiology CARBOHYDRATE IN
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Altitude Physiology Figure 1: Mean
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Altitude Physiology HYPOXIA INDUCED
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Altitude Physiology Figure 1. Mean
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Altitude Physiology ANALYSIS OF MUS
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SOL MG TA BF VM Altitude Physiology
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Altitude Physiology LOAD CARRIAGE I
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Table 2: Differential ratings of pe
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Altitude Physiology EFFECTS OF INTE
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Cerebral deoxy-Hb (delta, µM) Cere
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Altitude Physiology ENDURANCE RESPI
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Altitude Physiology Wylegala JA, Pe
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Invited presentation Cognitive and
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and psychophysiological f
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CLOTHING AND TEXTILE SCIENCE 131
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Clothing SPACER FABRICS IN OUTDOOR
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F i / g m -2 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,
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Clothing TOTAL EVAPORATIVE RESISTAN
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9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0
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Clothing DIFFERENCES IN CLOTHING IN
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Clothing parallel It values ranged
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Clothing CORRELATION BETWEEN SUBJEC
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Clothing and left side chest, scapu
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Clothing studies using an ice vest
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Insulation (Clo) (Clo) Clo / kg 6 5
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Clothing EFFECTS OF MOISTURE TRANSP
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Clothing the P plots above 60%RH (p
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Clothing EFFECT OF CLOTHING INSULAT
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Clothing EFFECTS OF QUILT AND MATTR
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38 33 28 23 18 0 30 60 90 120 150 m
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Clothing German) were measured, and
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Clothing Metabolism decreased and w
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Clothing Table 1. Comparison of ski
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Clothing PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AT
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Clothing underwear at 25 °C in per
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Clothing REDUCTION OF HEAT STRESS I
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Clothing THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PH
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Relative humidity (%) Clothing Figu
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Clothing DEVELOPMENT OF THE “WEAR
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Clothing EFFECTS OF AIR GAPS UNDER
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Temper at ur e( ˇ ć) 28.5 27.5 26
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Personal protective equipment Invit
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Personal protective equipment fabri
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Personal protective equipment PHYSI
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Mean skin temperature (ºC) 38.0 37
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Personal protective equipment the S
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Personal protective equipment DISCU
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Personal protective equipment Final
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Personal protective equipment REFER
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Personal protective equipment Tc wa
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Personal protective equipment level
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F i / g m -2 300 250 200 150 100 50
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h M / % 90 80 70 60 50 40 activity
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Personal protective equipment 0.05
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Personal protective equipment was u
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Personal protective equipment THERM
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Personal protective equipment the s
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Personal protective equipment the c
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Personal protective equipment wette
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Table 1 1. Properties of the tested
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Personal protective equipment HEAT
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Personal protective equipment Profi
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Personal protective equipment PHYSI
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Personal protective equipment REDUC
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39.0 38.5 38.0 37.5 37.0 36.5 40.0
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Personal protective equipment EXERC
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Personal protective equipment appro
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Personal protective equipment Table
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Personal protective equipment reduc
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Invited presentation Non-thermal fa
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Non-thermal factors heat loss by al
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Non-thermal factors DOES A FATIGUE-
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Non-thermal factors cycling, despit
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Non-thermal factors INDIVIDUAL VARI
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Non-thermal factors to some categor
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Non-thermal factors RATES OF TOTAL
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Non-thermal factors CHANGES IN BLOO
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Non-thermal factors Table 1. Thresh
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Non-thermal factors THE DIFFERENCE
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Water intake(g) 2000 1800 1600 1400
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Non-thermal factors IMPROVED FLUID
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Non-thermal factors A tendency for
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Sweating Table 1: Sweat gland count
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Sweating Taylor, N.A.S. (2000). Reg
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Sweating back/waist area and finall
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Figure 1: A chrome dome following p
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Sweating Such differences could be
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Sweating the forearm and thigh skin
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Sweating dramatically after puberty
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Sweating In addition local sweating
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Sweating REGIONAL FOOT SWEAT RATES
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Sweating REGIONAL SWEAT RATES OF TH
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Sweating Figure 2 shows the skin te
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Sweating SWEATY HANDS: DIFFERENCES
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Sweating Figure 2: Inter-site sweat
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Sweating REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN TO
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Sweating Figure 2: Inter-site sweat
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Sweating MENSTRUAL CYCLE DOES NOT A
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Sweating RESULTS On average, the ma
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Sweating THE SWEAT SECRETION AND SO
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Sweating Figure 1: A quadrant diagr
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Invited presentation FINGER COLD IN
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Cold physiology INTRA-INDIVIDUAL DI
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Cold physiology number was estimate
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Cold physiology cold receptors decr
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Cold physiology EFFECT OF URAPIDIL
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Cold physiology THE EFFECT OF EXERC
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TRAINABILITY OF COLD INDUCED VASODI
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Cold physiology REFERENCES Adams, T
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Cold physiology THE EFFECT OF REPEA
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Cold physiology THE EFFECT OF ALTIT
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Cold physiology SKIN SURFACE MENTHO
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Cold physiology COGNITIVE PERFORMAN
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Seconds 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5
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Cold water immersion REFERENCES Mek
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Cold water immersion the formula: M
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Cold water immersion REFERENCES Cho
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Cold water immersion were: 1 metre
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Cold water immersion surf beaches.
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Cold water immersion Table 1. Break
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Cold water immersion ARM INSULATION
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Cold water immersion RESULTS Experi
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Cold water immersion thermogenesis
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Cold water immersion The other comp
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Cold water immersion REFERENCES And
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Thermal comfort THERMAL SENSATIONS
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Exer - cise PC Wind (m·s -1 ) 0 ne
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Thermal comfort and heart rate usin
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Thermal comfort A NEW METHOD FOR EV
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Thermal comfort DEVELOPMENT OF AN I
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Thermal comfort DISCUSSION This new
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Thermal comfort limit of exposure d
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Table 2: Statistical summary. Gende
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Thermal comfort comfortable”), wh
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Thermal comfort RELATION BETWEEN TH
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Thermal comfort Figure 2. Skin wett
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Thermal comfort THE EVALUATION OF T
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Temp.ˇ ]˘ Jˇ ^ 42 40 38 36 34 32
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time(min) Thermal comfort WHY DO JA
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Thermal comfort TCT : THERMAL COMFO
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Thermal comfort INTERNATIONAL STAND
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Acute and chronic heat exposure PHY
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Acute and chronic heat exposure Fig
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Acute and chronic heat exposure EFF
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Acute and chronic heat exposure 2.2
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Acute and chronic heat exposure EFF
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Acute and chronic heat exposure A N
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Acute and chronic heat exposure of
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Acute and chronic heat exposure PHY
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Acute and chronic heat exposure Tab
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Acute and chronic heat exposure INT
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probability plot 99 95 80 60 40 20
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Acute and chronic heat exposure HAN
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Acute and chronic heat exposure ALL
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Acute and chronic heat exposure Tab
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Acute and chronic heat exposure UNC
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Thermal Sensation Scale 10 9 8 7 6
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Acute and chronic heat exposure RES
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Acute and chronic heat exposure eve
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Acute and chronic heat exposure 30%
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Acute and chronic heat exposure REF
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RADIANT FLOW THROUGH BICYCLE HELMET
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Figure 2. Difference in heat transf
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Manikins DEVELOPMENT OF A LYING DOW
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IT = 6.45( _ ,Tsk - _ ,Tair)/(Q/A)
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Manikins cases. If the body is even
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Heat balance components 100% 80% 60
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Manikins clothing system. This effe
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Manikins The coupled system was val
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Manikins A NOVEL APPROACH TO MODEL-
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Manikins THERMAL MANIKIN EVALUATION
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SR (g/min) Figure 2. Predictive mod
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ESTIMATION OF COOLING EFFECT OF ICE
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Manikins Figure 3: Comparison among
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Manikins EVALUATION OF THE ARMY BOO
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Ty [Nm] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10
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Manikins different black 100% cotto
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Manikins REFERENCES Bogerd, C.P., H
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Modelling RESULTS From this kind of
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Modelling (T , T , V& , ) = 1. 0 +
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NORMALIZED CVCL 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 M
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Modelling illustrated in Figure 1.
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Modelling MODELLING PATIENT TEMPERA
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Modelling Figure 1: Blood and mean
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Modelling simulations the additiona
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Modelling Table 1. Descriptive summ
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Modelling concomitant increase in b
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Modelling REFERENCES 1. U.S. Depart
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Modelling from the 1988 population.
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Modelling somatotypes in multivaria
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Modelling Each scan data was first
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Modelling The line through the data
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Hip( width) −Waist ( width ) HW
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Modelling measurements are extracte
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Measurement methods not included in
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Measurement methods humidity. The o
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Measurement methods DISCUSSION Base
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Air film Skin surface Skin layer δ
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Measurement methods and calculated
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Rectal temperature ( o C) 39.5 39.0
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Measurement methods work rates, and
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Page 509 and 510: Invited presentation Universal Ther
Page 511 and 512: Universal Thermal Climate Index dat
Page 513 and 514: Universal Thermal Climate Index DYN
Page 515 and 516: Universal Thermal Climate Index DIS
Page 517 and 518: Universal Thermal Climate Index COM
Page 519 and 520: Skin temperature (°C) Universal Th
Page 521 and 522: Universal Thermal Climate Index PRO
Page 523 and 524: Universal Thermal Climate Index The
Page 525 and 526: Universal Thermal Climate Index ASS
Page 527 and 528: Universal Thermal Climate Index ima
Page 529 and 530: Universal Thermal Climate Index min
Page 531 and 532: Working environment EFFECTS OF LIGH
Page 533 and 534: Working environment It is interesti
Page 535 and 536: 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 25 12 Working en
Page 537 and 538: Working environment ERGONOMICS OPTI
Page 539 and 540: Working environment astigmatism, an
Page 541 and 542: Working environment RESULTS The hig
Page 543 and 544: Working environment hearing protect
Page 545 and 546: Working environment Redistribution
Page 547 and 548: Working environment DISCUSSION Thes
Page 549 and 550: Working Environment over the phone
Page 551 and 552: Working Environment DISCUSSION Diff
Page 553 and 554: Working Environment results, conclu
Page 555: Working Environment BP as the refer
Page 559 and 560: Working Environment responses betwe
Page 561 and 562: Working Environment Casualty handli
Page 563 and 564: Working Environment REFERENCES Davi
Page 565 and 566: Working Environment RESULTS The sub
Page 567 and 568: Temperature (C) 35 33 31 29 27 25 2
Page 569 and 570: Working Environment METHODS Student
Page 571 and 572: Working Environment ANTHROPOGENIC I
Page 573 and 574: Working Environment RESULTS The res
Page 575 and 576: Employment Standards VISUAL ACUITY
Page 577 and 578: Employment Standards Results are pr
Page 579 and 580: Employment Standards to spend free
Page 581 and 582: Occupational Thermal Problems and d
Page 583 and 584: Occupational Thermal Problems HEAT
Page 585 and 586: Occupational Thermal Problems some
Page 587 and 588: Occupational Thermal Problems HORSE
Page 589 and 590: Occupational Thermal Problems range
Page 591 and 592: Occupational Thermal Problems PHYSI
Page 593 and 594: Occupational Thermal Problems DISCU
Page 595 and 596: Occupational Thermal Problems recom
Page 597 and 598: DLEmin [hours] 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0
Page 599 and 600: Occupational Thermal Problems EFFEC
Page 601 and 602: Occupational Thermal Problems PERIP
Page 603 and 604: Occupational Thermal Problems durin
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Time (hours) 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,
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Occupational Thermal Problems (Suun
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Occupational Thermal Problems highl
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Occupational Thermal Problems and o
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1) estimated (208 - 0.7 x age) *P
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Occupational Thermal Problems of a
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Occupational Thermal Problems tempe
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Table 1: Environmental conditions o
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Occupational Thermal Problems The h
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Occupational Thermal Problems RESUL
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Occupational Thermal Problems PHYSI
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Occupational Thermal Problems corre
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Occupational Thermal Problems DEVEL
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Occupational Thermal Problems All i
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A Adolfsson Niklas 540 Ainslie Phil
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Kim Myung-Ju 409 Kim Taegyou 189 Kl
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Sormunen Erja 599 Spindler Uli 145
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