2007, Piran, Slovenia

Skin temperature (°C)
Universal Thermal Climate Index
Figure 3. The subject data and predicted values of the mean skin temperature in 3 m/s wind.
Skin temperature (°C)
37
36
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27
37
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D3 Subj D3Dn D3Uw D3Dw D3Un
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time (min)
D10 Subj D10Dn D10Un D10Dw D10Uw
27
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time (min)
Figure 4. The subject data and predicted values of the mean skin temperature in 10 m/s wind.
Skin evaporation: The strong decrease of the mean skin temperature in the simulations may
be related to skin evaporation, too. That, however, cannot explain the initial drop as the
calculated skin evaporation in the beginning was at a relatively low level, before it started
rapidly increasing after 10 (D3) to 15 (D10) minutes. This rapid increase seems not to have a
further effect on mean skin temperature development. As the subjects’ skin evaporation data
is just an average value for the whole exposure period it is not possible to compare the
observed evaporation values with those simulated by the model. Still, based on the mean skin
evaporation from the subjects in D3 the simulated sweat rates might have been somewhat too
high, while in D10 they were more reasonable, especially when clothing insulation was
corrected for walking and wind.
DISCUSSION
All the simulated rectal temperatures remained relatively close, were not affected much by
varying clothing insulation based on wind and walking, and uniform or different insulation
distribution. Predicted increases were higher than measured. The simulated skin cooling was
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