2007, Piran, Slovenia
2007, Piran, Slovenia 2007, Piran, Slovenia
Environmental Ergonomics XII Igor B. Mekjavic, Stelios N. Kounalakis & Nigel A.S. Taylor (Eds.), © BIOMED, Ljubljana 2007 502 Rectal temperature ( o C) 39.5 39.0 38.5 38.0 37.5 37.0 36.5 HT1b HT2b HT2c HT2d HT4b 'Satisfactory' -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Time (minutes) Figure 2: Rectal temperature during the Heat Tests in Phase-B Data presented as the 10-minute mean and 1 SD. Open squares denote HT1b (n=10); open diamonds, HT2b (n=11); crosses, HT2c (n=10); dashed line, HT2d (n=9); and open circles, HT4b (n=6). Based on the findings from both phases of the study, the table below details the proposed WBGT limits and exposure durations for each of the work rate categories, and the limits currently used in the British Armed Forces (JSP 539, 2003). Table 1: In-Service and proposed WBGT and exposure limits Applicable to men not acclimatised to heat, wearing lightweight clothing. Bold type represents proposed increased limits. Work rate category In-Service WBGT limits (°C) In-Service Exposure durations (minutes) Proposed WBGT limits (°C) Proposed Exposure durations (minutes) Low 32 60 34 120 Medium 26 60 32 120 High 24 60 25 120 Very high 20 60 20 120 Extreme 20 30 20 45 DISCUSSION Empirically-based WBGT limits for male British Armed Forces personnel not acclimatised to heat, have been proposed. Supporting previous anecdotal reports and heat strain predictions, they indicate that the in-Service WBGT limits are likely to be ‘overly cautious’ at the lower
Measurement methods work rates, and could result in military activities being curtailed unnecessarily. The data also suggest that the exposure duration at the proposed WBGT limits could be extended. Further studies are required to establish appropriate WBGT limits in female personnel, and to provide evidence-based WBGT limits relevant for hot-weather operations (i.e. establishing the impact of heat acclimatisation and personal protective equipment, and defining some limits associated with higher heat illness risk). REFERENCES Joint Services Production (JSP) 539, 2003. Climatic Injuries in the Armed Forces; Prevention and Treatment. D/AMD/113/26. Weller, A.S. and Withey, W.R. 2004. Intra-individual variability in heat strain responses to a standardised work-in-dry-heat test in humans. Journal of Physiology. 555P, C128. Weller, A.S. and Withey, W.R. 2005. Determination of the acceptable deep-body temperature for evaluating the WBGT limits used in male British Armed Forces personnel. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics. 201- 204. This work was funded by the Human Capability Domain of the UK Ministry of Defence Scientific Research Programme. 503
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Measurement methods<br />
work rates, and could result in military activities being curtailed unnecessarily. The data also<br />
suggest that the exposure duration at the proposed WBGT limits could be extended. Further<br />
studies are required to establish appropriate WBGT limits in female personnel, and to provide<br />
evidence-based WBGT limits relevant for hot-weather operations (i.e. establishing the impact<br />
of heat acclimatisation and personal protective equipment, and defining some limits<br />
associated with higher heat illness risk).<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Joint Services Production (JSP) 539, 2003. Climatic Injuries in the Armed Forces; Prevention<br />
and Treatment. D/AMD/113/26.<br />
Weller, A.S. and Withey, W.R. 2004. Intra-individual variability in heat strain responses to a<br />
standardised work-in-dry-heat test in humans. Journal of Physiology. 555P, C128.<br />
Weller, A.S. and Withey, W.R. 2005. Determination of the acceptable deep-body temperature<br />
for evaluating the WBGT limits used in male British Armed Forces personnel.<br />
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Environmental Ergonomics. 201-<br />
204.<br />
This work was funded by the Human Capability Domain of the UK Ministry of Defence<br />
Scientific Research Programme.<br />
503
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