2007, Piran, Slovenia

Environmental Ergonomics XII
Igor B. Mekjavic, Stelios N. Kounalakis & Nigel A.S. Taylor (Eds.), © BIOMED, Ljubljana 2007
Figure 1. A two-dimensional plot for the 1988 and 2004 databases of female Soldiers with
90% ellipses. (Height: cm, Weight: kg, Body fat: %) values converted from principal
component scores
core temperature (ºC)
480
40.0
39.5
39.0
38.5
38.0
37.5
37.0
36.5
rest
35°C/50%RH
BDU+body armor
A04 B04 C04 D04 M04
walk
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
time (minutes)
Figure 2. Anthropometric effects on core temperatures by female somatotypes. A 04 :”tall-fat”,
B 04 : “tall-lean”, C0 4 : “short-lean”, D 04 : “short-fat”, M 04 : “average” somatotypes
core temperature (ºC)
-2 -1 0 1 2
Short-lean
PC2
(33%)
40.0
39.5
39.0
38.5
38.0
37.5
37.0
36.5
A 88 (172,84,39)
A 04 C
(172,91,44)
88 C
(154,41,16)
04 (155,41,17)
M 88 (163,62,26)
M 04 (163,62,28)
D
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
88 (150,62,36)
D 04 (152,66,39)
Short-fat
MA88 (186cm, 106kg, 29%BF) FA88 (172cm, 84kg, 39%)
MA04 (186cm, 112kg, 29%BF) FA04 (172cm, 91kg, 44%)
35ºC/50%rh
BDU + body armor
B 88 (176,63,21)
B 04 Tall-lean
(176,66,21)
Average
(65%)
rest walk
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
time (minutes)
Tall-fat
Figure 3. Gender comparisons in core temperature between the 1988 and 2004 “tall-fat”
somatotypes
DISCUSSION
While the major temporal increase was weight in males (7), weight and %BF were major
increases in the U.S. Army female populations over the past 15 years. Five identified
67 min
67 min
72 min
91 min