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Environmental Ergonomics XII Igor B. Mekjavic, Stelios N. Kounalakis & Nigel A.S. Taylor (Eds.), © BIOMED, Ljubljana 2007 °C sw °C * shivering °C ** °C *** means±S 37.2±0.30 D 0.09±0.14 0.54±0.30 0.63±0.31 * Tre-sw = Sweating threshold Tre-Initial Tre. ** Tre-sw = Initial Tre -Shivering threshold Tre. *** Inter-threshold range= Sweating threshold Tre- Shivering threshold Tre. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was supported by the Research grant (#15107005, Grant-in-Aid Scientific Research, Japan). REFERENCES Mekjavic, I. B., Sundberg , C. J., Linnasson, D.1991 Core temperature “Null zone”. J. Appl. Physiol. 71(4):1289-1295 Passias, T. C., Meneilly, G. S., Mekjavic I. B. 1996 Effect of hypoglycemia on thermoregulatory responses. J. Appl. Physiol. 80(3):1021-1032 Mekjavic, IB, Eiken, O 2006 Contribution of thermal and nonthermal factors to the regulation of body temperature in humans. J Appl Physiol, 100:2065-2072 Kakitsuba, N., Mekjavic, I.B., Katsuura, T. 2005 Individual variability in the autonomic thermoregulatory responses as related to polymorphism. Proc of the 3rd Int Conf on Human- Environment System, 422-425 252
Non-thermal factors RATES OF TOTAL HEAT LOSS AT TWO DIFFERENT RATES OF POSTEXERCISE METABOLIC HEAT PRODUCTION Daniel Gagnon, Ollie Jay, Glen P. Kenny Laboratory for Human Bioenergetics and Environmental Physiology, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. K1N 6N5. Contact person: ojay@uottawa.ca Previous studies have reported a rapid reduction in heat loss responses during the early stages of inactive recovery from exercise, despite an elevated core temperature. However, greater heat loss responses during active recovery are paralleled by similar core temperature elevations to inactive recovery. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in the rate of total heat loss during recovery at two different levels of metabolic heat production with similar core temperatures throughout. Seven male volunteers exercised at 75% of • VO2peak on a semi-recumbent cycle ergometer housed within the Snellen whole-body air calorimeter for 15-min followed by 30-min of recovery with (active) or without (inactive) loadless pedalling. Core temperature was measured using esophageal temperature (Tes) and the rates of total heat production ( • M- • W) and total heat loss ( • HL) were measured by whole-body calorimetry. Changes in body heat content and Tes, as well as • M- • HL were similar at the end of W and • exercise in both conditions. At the end of the recovery period, in the active and inactive mode respectively, • M- • W was 210 ± 31 W and 119 ± 12 W, and • HL was 246 ± 31 W and 202 ± 25 W. The magnitude of the total reduction in • HL was significantly greater (p≤0.05) for inactive recovery, while the rate of exponential decay in • HL were not different between recovery conditions (p>0.05). Furthermore, changes from baseline in Tes were not different between conditions at any time point (p>0.05). These results suggest that changes in heat loss responses that determine the rate of change in total heat loss appear to be dependent upon the rate of metabolic heat production, and not upon changes in core temperature during recovery from exercise. This research was supported by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and a U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity. We would like to acknowledge Candice Brown, Andrea McCarthy and Matthew Kennedy for their technical support. 253
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ENVIRONMENTAL ERGONOMICS XII Procee
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ENVIRONMENTAL ERGONOMICS XII Procee
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International Conferences on Enviro
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents
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Table of contents ALTITUDE ATTENUAT
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Table of contents TOWARDS PREVENTIO
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Table of contents RATE AFFECT EXERC
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Table of contents Uroš Dobnikar, S
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Table of contents TO A HOT ENVIRONM
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Table of contents Andreas D. Flouri
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Table of contents PHYSICAL FITNESS
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Table of contents ESTIMATION OF THE
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Herman Potocnic Lecture the advanta
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Invited presentation Gravitational
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Gravitational Physiology SKELETAL M
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Lf (mm) 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 Fa
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Gravitational Physiology maximum is
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Gravitational Physiology THERMOREGU
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Gravitational Physiology THE EXERCI
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Gravitational Physiology Since exer
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Gravitational Physiology During the
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Gravitational Physiology CARDIOVASC
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as observed at rest after LBNP was
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Gravitational Physiology THERMOREGU
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Gravitational Physiology THE EFFECT
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Gravitational Physiology Fortney SM
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Gravitational Physiology Contractil
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Gravitational Physiology Edgerton V
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Diving Physiology A library of imag
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Diving Physiology Information recal
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Diving Physiology RESULTS Figure 1
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Diving Physiology sensitivity is no
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Diving Physiology Physiological Mea
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Diving Physiology same sequence. Th
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Diving Physiology HYPERVENTILATION
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Diving Physiology software. Individ
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Diving Physiology REFERENCES IMCA.
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Diving Physiology recorded (MIE Med
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Diving Physiology DISCUSSION The ma
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Altitude Physiology vastus laterali
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Altitude Physiology IS INTERMITTENT
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Altitude Physiology Table 2: Lactat
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Altitude Physiology CARBOHYDRATE IN
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Altitude Physiology Figure 1: Mean
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Altitude Physiology HYPOXIA INDUCED
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Altitude Physiology Figure 1. Mean
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Altitude Physiology ANALYSIS OF MUS
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SOL MG TA BF VM Altitude Physiology
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Altitude Physiology LOAD CARRIAGE I
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Table 2: Differential ratings of pe
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Altitude Physiology EFFECTS OF INTE
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Cerebral deoxy-Hb (delta, µM) Cere
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Altitude Physiology ENDURANCE RESPI
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Altitude Physiology Wylegala JA, Pe
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Invited presentation Cognitive and
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and Psycophysiological Fu
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Cognitive and psychophysiological f
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CLOTHING AND TEXTILE SCIENCE 131
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Clothing SPACER FABRICS IN OUTDOOR
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F i / g m -2 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,
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Clothing TOTAL EVAPORATIVE RESISTAN
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9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0
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Clothing DIFFERENCES IN CLOTHING IN
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Clothing parallel It values ranged
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Clothing CORRELATION BETWEEN SUBJEC
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Clothing and left side chest, scapu
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Clothing studies using an ice vest
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Insulation (Clo) (Clo) Clo / kg 6 5
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Clothing EFFECTS OF MOISTURE TRANSP
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Clothing the P plots above 60%RH (p
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Clothing EFFECT OF CLOTHING INSULAT
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Clothing EFFECTS OF QUILT AND MATTR
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Clothing German) were measured, and
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Clothing Metabolism decreased and w
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Clothing Table 1. Comparison of ski
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Clothing PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AT
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Clothing underwear at 25 °C in per
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Clothing REDUCTION OF HEAT STRESS I
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Clothing THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PH
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Relative humidity (%) Clothing Figu
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Clothing DEVELOPMENT OF THE “WEAR
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Clothing EFFECTS OF AIR GAPS UNDER
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Temper at ur e( ˇ ć) 28.5 27.5 26
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Personal protective equipment Invit
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Personal protective equipment fabri
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Personal protective equipment PHYSI
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Mean skin temperature (ºC) 38.0 37
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Personal protective equipment the S
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Personal protective equipment DISCU
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Personal protective equipment Final
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Personal protective equipment REFER
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Personal protective equipment Tc wa
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Personal protective equipment level
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F i / g m -2 300 250 200 150 100 50
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h M / % 90 80 70 60 50 40 activity
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Personal protective equipment 0.05
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Personal protective equipment wette
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Table 1 1. Properties of the tested
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Personal protective equipment HEAT
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Personal protective equipment Profi
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Personal protective equipment PHYSI
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Personal protective equipment REDUC
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39.0 38.5 38.0 37.5 37.0 36.5 40.0
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Personal protective equipment EXERC
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Personal protective equipment appro
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Personal protective equipment Table
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Personal protective equipment reduc
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Invited presentation Non-thermal fa
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Non-thermal factors heat loss by al
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Non-thermal factors DOES A FATIGUE-
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Non-thermal factors cycling, despit
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Non-thermal factors INDIVIDUAL VARI
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Non-thermal factors to some categor
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Non-thermal factors CHANGES IN BLOO
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Non-thermal factors Table 1. Thresh
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Non-thermal factors THE DIFFERENCE
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Water intake(g) 2000 1800 1600 1400
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Non-thermal factors IMPROVED FLUID
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Non-thermal factors A tendency for
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Sweating Table 1: Sweat gland count
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Sweating Taylor, N.A.S. (2000). Reg
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Sweating back/waist area and finall
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Figure 1: A chrome dome following p
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Sweating Such differences could be
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Sweating the forearm and thigh skin
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Sweating dramatically after puberty
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Sweating In addition local sweating
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Sweating REGIONAL FOOT SWEAT RATES
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Sweating REGIONAL SWEAT RATES OF TH
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Sweating Figure 2 shows the skin te
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Sweating SWEATY HANDS: DIFFERENCES
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Sweating Figure 2: Inter-site sweat
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Sweating REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN TO
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Sweating Figure 2: Inter-site sweat
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Sweating MENSTRUAL CYCLE DOES NOT A
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Sweating RESULTS On average, the ma
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Sweating THE SWEAT SECRETION AND SO
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Sweating Figure 1: A quadrant diagr
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Invited presentation FINGER COLD IN
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Cold physiology INTRA-INDIVIDUAL DI
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Cold physiology cold receptors decr
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Cold physiology EFFECT OF URAPIDIL
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Cold physiology THE EFFECT OF EXERC
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TRAINABILITY OF COLD INDUCED VASODI
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Cold physiology REFERENCES Adams, T
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Cold physiology THE EFFECT OF REPEA
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Cold physiology THE EFFECT OF ALTIT
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Cold physiology SKIN SURFACE MENTHO
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Cold physiology COGNITIVE PERFORMAN
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Seconds 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5
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Cold water immersion REFERENCES Mek
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Cold water immersion the formula: M
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Cold water immersion REFERENCES Cho
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Cold water immersion were: 1 metre
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Cold water immersion surf beaches.
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Cold water immersion Table 1. Break
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Cold water immersion ARM INSULATION
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Cold water immersion RESULTS Experi
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Cold water immersion thermogenesis
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Cold water immersion The other comp
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Cold water immersion REFERENCES And
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Thermal comfort THERMAL SENSATIONS
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Exer - cise PC Wind (m·s -1 ) 0 ne
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Thermal comfort and heart rate usin
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Thermal comfort A NEW METHOD FOR EV
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Thermal comfort DEVELOPMENT OF AN I
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Thermal comfort DISCUSSION This new
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Thermal comfort limit of exposure d
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Table 2: Statistical summary. Gende
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Thermal comfort comfortable”), wh
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Thermal comfort RELATION BETWEEN TH
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Thermal comfort Figure 2. Skin wett
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Thermal comfort THE EVALUATION OF T
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time(min) Thermal comfort WHY DO JA
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Thermal comfort TCT : THERMAL COMFO
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Thermal comfort INTERNATIONAL STAND
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Acute and chronic heat exposure PHY
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Acute and chronic heat exposure REF
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RADIANT FLOW THROUGH BICYCLE HELMET
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Figure 2. Difference in heat transf
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Manikins DEVELOPMENT OF A LYING DOW
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IT = 6.45( _ ,Tsk - _ ,Tair)/(Q/A)
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Manikins A NOVEL APPROACH TO MODEL-
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Manikins THERMAL MANIKIN EVALUATION
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SR (g/min) Figure 2. Predictive mod
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ESTIMATION OF COOLING EFFECT OF ICE
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Ty [Nm] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10
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Manikins REFERENCES Bogerd, C.P., H
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Modelling RESULTS From this kind of
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Modelling (T , T , V& , ) = 1. 0 +
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NORMALIZED CVCL 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 M
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Modelling from the 1988 population.
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Modelling The line through the data
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Hip( width) −Waist ( width ) HW
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Air film Skin surface Skin layer δ
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Working environment EFFECTS OF LIGH
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Kim Myung-Ju 409 Kim Taegyou 189 Kl
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