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434 Sharks Key to the species of Lamnidae occurring in the area 1a. Teeth with small side cusplets (except in specimens less than 1 m) (Fig. 1a); origin of second dorsal fin above that of anal fin; caudal fin with a small but strong secondary keel below the rear end of the primary keel (Fig 2); free rear tip of first dorsal fin abruptly white. . . Lamna nasus 1b. Teeth without side cusplets (except in Carcharodon less than 2 to 3 m which always have serrations on some teeth); origin of second dorsal fin in advance of anal-fin origin; caudal fin without a secondary keel (Fig. 3, 4); free rear tip of first dorsal fin not abruptly white . . . . . 2 a) Lamna b) Isurus c) Carcharodon Fig. 1 teeth Fig. 2 Lamna nasus 2a. Upper teeth triangular with serrated edges (Fig. 1b); origin of first dorsal fin opposite or slightly anterior to inner corners of pectoral fins when the latter are laid back; anal-fin origin posterior to second dorsal-fin base (Fig. 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carcharodon carcharias 2b. Upper teeth with smooth-edged cusps; origin of first dorsal fin posterior to inner corners of pectoral fins when the latter are laid back; anal-fin origin below midbase or insertion of second dorsal-fin base (Fig. 4, 5, 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Fig. 3 Carcharodon carcharias Fig. 4 Isurus oxyrinchus 3a. Snout usually acutely pointed (Fig. 5a); cusps of upper and lower anterior teeth recurved at bases but with tips reversed and curving outward; pectoral fins considerably shorter than head, relatively narrow-tipped in young, acutely pointed in adults; origin of anal fin about under midbase of second dorsal fin; underside of snout and mouth white in adults and subadults in the area (Fig. 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isurus oxyrinchus 3b. Snout narrowly to bluntly (usually not acutely) pointed (Fig. 5b); cusps of upper and lower anterior teeth straighter, with tips not reversed; pectoral fins about as long as head, relatively broad-tipped in young and adults; origin of anal fin about under insertion of second dorsal fin; underside of snout and mouth dusky in adults and subadults (Fig. 6) . . . . Isurus paucus pointed broader, less pointed a) Isurus oxyrinchus b) Isurus paucus Fig. 5 ventral view of head Fig. 6 Isurus paucus
Lamniformes: Lamnidae 435 List of species occurring in the area The symbol is given when species accounts are included. Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758). Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810. Isurus paucus Guitart Manday, 1965. Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788). References Bigelow, H.B.and W.C.Schroeder.1948.Chapter three, Sharks.In Fishes of the Western North Atlantic.Mem. Sears Found. Mar. Res., (1)1:56-576. Cadenat, J. and J. Blache. 1981. Requins de Méditerranée et d’ Atlantique (plus particulièrement de la Côte Occidentale d’ Afrique). Ed. OSTROM, Faune Tropicale, (21):330 p. Compagno, L.J.V. 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4, Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, (125)Vol.4,Pt.1:250 p. Compagno, L.J.V and R. Vergara. 1978. Lamnidae. In FAO species identification sheets for fisheries purposes. Western Central Atlantic, (Fishing Area 31) Volume V, edited by W. Fischer. Rome, FAO (unpaginated). Farquhar, G.B. 1963. Sharks of the family Lamnidae. U.S. Navy Technol. Off., pp. 1-16. McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. 1998. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, vol. 1, Myxiniformes to Gasterosteiformes. Austin, Texas, University of Texas Press, 1112 p.
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click for previous page SHARKS by L
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Technical Terms and Measurements 35
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General Remarks 361 few museum spec
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Key to Families 363 KEY TO FAMILIES
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Key to Families 365 12a. Head with
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Key to Families 367 22a. Origin of
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List of Families and Species 369 DA
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List of Families and Species 371 SP
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Hexanchiformes: Chlamydoselachidae
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Hexanchiformes: Hexanchidae 375 Key
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Squaliformes: Echinorhinidae 377 A
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Squaliformes: Squalidae 379 SQUALID
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Squaliformes: Squalidae 381 3a. Dis
Page 27 and 28: Squaliformes: Squalidae 383 Squalus
Page 29 and 30: Squaliformes: Squalidae 385 Squalus
Page 31 and 32: Squaliformes: Centrophoridae 387 Sq
Page 33 and 34: Squaliformes: Centrophoridae 389 4a
Page 35 and 36: Squaliformes: Centrophoridae 391 Ce
Page 37 and 38: click for previous page Squaliforme
Page 39 and 40: Squaliformes: Etmopteridae 395 Key
Page 41 and 42: Squaliformes: Etmopteridae 397 List
Page 43 and 44: Squaliformes: Etmopteridae 399 Etmo
Page 45 and 46: Squaliformes: Etmopteridae 401 Etmo
Page 47 and 48: Squaliformes: Somniosidae 403 Squal
Page 49 and 50: Squaliformes: Somniosidae 405 List
Page 51 and 52: Squaliformes: Somniosidae 407 Zameu
Page 53 and 54: Squaliformes: Oxynotidae 409 Echino
Page 55 and 56: Squaliformes: Dalatiidae 411 Squali
Page 57 and 58: Squaliformes: Dalatiidae 413 Dalati
Page 59 and 60: Squatiniformes: Squatinidae 415 Ord
Page 61 and 62: Pristiophoriformes: Pristiophoridae
Page 63 and 64: click for previous page Lamniformes
Page 65 and 66: Lamniformes: Odontaspididae 421 2a.
Page 67 and 68: Lamniformes: Odontaspididae 423 Odo
Page 69 and 70: Lamniformes: Mitsukurinidae 425 A s
Page 71 and 72: Lamniformes: Alopiidae 427 ALOPIIDA
Page 73 and 74: Lamniformes: Alopiidae 429 Alopias
Page 75 and 76: Lamniformes: Cetorhinidae 431 A sin
Page 77: Lamniformes: Lamnidae 433 LAMNIDAE
Page 81 and 82: Lamniformes: Lamnidae 437 Isurus ox
Page 83 and 84: Lamniformes: Lamnidae 439 Lamna nas
Page 85 and 86: Orectolobiformes: Ginglymostomatida
Page 87 and 88: Orectolobiformes: Rhincodontidae 44
Page 89 and 90: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae 4
Page 101 and 102: Carcharhinidormes: Proscylliidae 45
Page 103 and 104: Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae 459 Si
Page 105 and 106: Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae 461 Mu
Page 111 and 112: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae 4
Page 123 and 124: click for previous page Carcharhini
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Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae 4
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click for previous page Carcharhini
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Carcharhiniformes: Sphyrnidae 499 4
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Carcharhiniformes: Sphyrnidae 501 S
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