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Table 1: Oral hypoglycemlc drus
Class Drug
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Sulfonylureas Chlorpropamide
Gliclazide
Glimepiride
Glibenclamide
Glipizide
Tolbutamide
Biguanides Metformin
Glucmidase inhibitots Acarbose
Meglitinides Repaglinide
Thiazolidinediones Pioglitazone
* Approved but not marketed
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Rosiglitazone
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Table 2: Sorne medlcadons lhat cqn ralse blood glucose
Drug Probable mechanlsm
Clonidine Adrenergic action
Clozapine ? Impain insulin secretion
Corticosteroids Oppose insulin action
Diuretics ("specially thiazides) Oppose insulin action
Nicotinic acid ? Opposes insulin action
Nifedipine (but not other
calcium antagonists)
Delavs insulin action
Oral contraceptive hormones Oppose insulin action
Phenytoin Blocks insnlin secretion
Phenothiazines Not known
Sugar-containing qyrups (e.g.
antibiotics/cough mixtures)
Note: Clinical relevance of
some effects in uncertain
Increased glucose intake