siOBX; - Smithsonian Institution

88 BUREAU OF AMEEICAIsr ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 103
The terms for brother and sister, whether elder, younger, or
indifferent, are similarly extended to the children of the father's
brother, the mother's sister, the father's father's brother's son's chil-
dren, the mother's mother's sister's daughter's children, and an indefi-
nite number of collaterals beside. A collective term itibapishili,
" those who nursed together," is employed by a man or a woman
to indicate brothers and sisters collectively. Although our records
of its usage indicate considerable irregularity, it was probably em-
ployed particularly when a man wanted to refer to all of his brothers
without differentiating them as elder or younger, and similarly when
a woman wished to speak of all of her sisters. However, one of
Morgan's informants stated that in such situations a woman could
employ intek, which is commonly used by a man.
There were similarly extensions of the terms for uncle to the
older men on the mother's side or belonging to her band, and of
the word child by a man to the children of those called brother,
and also uncle, and by a woman to those called sister and uncle,
except, as I have already said, certain descendants of the father's
sisters whose designation is in doubt. The terms for nephew and
niece were applied by a man to his mother's mother's sister's
daughter's daughter's children and corresponding collaterals. A
woman, however, called her brother's children grandchildren. The
terms used for relations brought about through marriage were also
extended. A particularly close relation existed between a man and
his father-in-law and mother-in-law, but especially the former. A
woman called her father-in-law and mother-in-law merely " grand-
father " and " grandmother," but a man had special terms ipotci
and ipotci ohoyo. The use of ohoyo, " woman," " female," shows
pretty clearly that the father-in-law was the more important of the
two, and this is confirmed by Bjdngton who tells us that fatherin-law
and son-in-law called each other by the word halloka which
also means " sacred," " beloved," " dear." Sometimes the fatherin-law
was called ipochi halloka. It is said by Byington to have
been given to the niece's husband and the wife's uncle. We shall
see presently that the father-in-law was distinguished in another
way. Impusnaki is given by Byington as a name applied to a
woman by her husband's brothers, uncles, and nephews. It is to be
noted that the son's wife and all of the women married into the
family belonging to her generation are called " grandchildren,"
while there is usually a special term, iyup, for the men.
A man and a woman call their sister's husband by the same term,
and their brother's wife by the same term, and the terms which a
man applies to his wife's brother and wife's sister are variants of
the term used by them both for the sister's husband. A woman had